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In this paper we present the key elements of the NICCI (Network-centric Infrastructure for Command, Control and Intelligence) infrastructure and compare and contrast them with similar capabilities provided by the OGSA (Open Grid Services Architecture) grid infrastructure. We also examine the advantages and disadvantages of using the OGSA grid infrastructure as a substrate for implementing NICCI and highlight some of the technology gaps. Finally, looking ahead at the future of the grid computing research, we identify several research thrusts where we believe there is a natural synergy and opportunity for cross-pollination between the NICCI-sponsored research and the ongoing efforts of the grid community.

The concept of operations is shifting-from large static units with fixed missions to small groups operating independently, with shifting goals. These groups need to coordinate with respect to information, goals and resources. They need to predictably interact with each other and with autonomous, distributed sensors and operational equipment. Unpredictability regarding where, when, how, and with whom we need to interact creates the need for developing open (unbounded) systems that are both flexible and predictable. The habitats concept moves the locus of control and context sensitivity from the component (or agent) level to the habitat level-for features where the components in a habitat do have common elements of control, function, and accountability. It provides the ability to easily define and evolve habitats by expressing rules and constraints in system architecture and combining enforcement with adaptability by providing authorized services through controlled extensibility-enabling capabilities.