73 results on '"(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate"'
Search Results
2. A dye-affinity cryogel membrane for malate dehydrogenase purification from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Deniz Türkmen, Ilgım Göktürk, Adil Denizli, Assem Elkak, Kamar Hamade, and Nilay Bereli
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Chromatography ,biology ,0206 medical engineering ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Malate dehydrogenase ,Biomaterials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Membrane ,stomatognathic system ,chemistry ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Cibacron blue F3GA functionalized poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) cryogel membranes were prepared and applied for a simple purification of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) from crude extract of S...
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- 2019
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Catalog
3. Creatinine imprinted poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) based cryogel cartridges
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Adil Denizli, İrfan Albayrak, Nilay Bereli, Aykut Arif Topçu, and Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
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cryogel ,Langmuir ,Materials science ,creatinine adsorption ,Polymers and Plastics ,02 engineering and technology ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,Materials Chemistry ,Freundlich equation ,Creatinine ,Aqueous solution ,Chromatography ,010401 analytical chemistry ,General Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,molecular imprinting ,0210 nano-technology ,Molecular imprinting ,Selectivity - Abstract
Creatinine imprinted cryogel (MIP) cartridge was prepared with functional monomer N-methacryloyl-(L)-histidinemethylester (MAH) under frozen conditions. Creatinine adsorption studies and selectivity of MIP cryogel were evaluated in aqueous solution and artificial urine sample. Maximum adsorbed amount of creatinine was calculated as 6.83 mg/g polymer for MIP cryogel. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were used to investigate the adsorption behaviour of creatinine. In the artificial urine sample; recovery amounts of creatinine were found 34.7–46.2%. Creatinine imprinted cryogel (MIP) cartridge recognized creatinine, 4.58 and 4.37 times greater competitive molecules. MIP cryogel catridge was repeatedly used many times for adsorption desorption cycles. © 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. more...
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- 2017
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4. Effects of acrylic resin monomers on porcine coronary artery reactivity
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David H. Pashley, Mahmood S. Mozaffari, Worku Abebe, Daniel West, and Frederick A. Rueggeberg
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Male ,Nitroprusside ,Materials science ,Contraction (grammar) ,Vascular smooth muscle ,Endothelium ,Swine ,Vasodilator Agents ,Acrylic Resins ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Prostaglandin ,Bioengineering ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,In Vitro Techniques ,Methylmethacrylate ,Pharmacology ,Bradykinin ,Dinoprost ,Nitric Oxide ,Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ,Potassium Chloride ,Coronary Restenosis ,Biomaterials ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Polymer chemistry ,medicine ,Animals ,Methyl methacrylate ,030222 orthopedics ,food and beverages ,030206 dentistry ,Coronary Vessels ,Coronary arteries ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Methacrylates ,Sodium nitroprusside ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The purpose of the present investigation was to assess the reactivity of porcine coronary arteries under in vitro conditions following their exposure to methyl methacrylate (MMA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) monomers. Confirming previous studies using rat aortas, both MMA and HEMA induced acute/direct relaxation of coronary ring preparations, which was partly dependent on the endothelium. With prolonged tissue exposure, both monomers caused time- and concentration-dependent inhibition of receptor-mediated contraction of the vascular smooth muscle caused by prostaglandin F2∝ (PGF2∝), with HEMA causing more inhibition than MMA. Hydroxyethyl methacrylate, but not MMA, also produced impairment of non-receptor-mediated contraction of the coronary smooth muscle induced by KCl. On the other hand, neither HEMA nor MMA altered relaxation of the smooth muscle produced by the direct-acting pharmacological agent, sodium nitroprusside (SNP). While exposure to HEMA impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation caused by bradykinin (BK), MMA markedly enhanced this endothelial-mediated response of the arteries. The enhanced endothelial response produced by MMA was linked to nitric oxide (NO) release. In conclusion, with prolonged tissue exposure, MMA causes less pronounced effects/adverse consequences on coronary smooth muscle function relative to the effect of HEMA, while enhancing vasorelaxation associated with release of NO from the endothelium. Accordingly, MMA-containing resin materials appear to be safer for human applications than materials containing HEMA. more...
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- 2016
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5. p(HEMA)-Pd(II) and p(HEMA-MAH)-Pd(II) Microspheres: Efficient, Recyclable and Ligand-Free Catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction in Water
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Feyyaz Durap, Özge Ok, Zübeyde Baysal, Murat Aydemir, Duygu Elma, and Akın Baysal
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010405 organic chemistry ,Ligand ,Aryl ,chemistry.chemical_element ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Coupling reaction ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,Inorganic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Polymer chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Phenylboronic acid ,Palladium - Abstract
In this study, the authors report the synthesis and characterization of new poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) palladium(II) (p(HEMA)-Pd(II)) and poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-(L)-histidine methyl ester) palladium(II), p(HEMA-MAH)-Pd(II) microsphere catalysts, and their catalysis in Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions of aryl bromides with phenylboronic acid in water. The microsphere catalysts were characterized by SEM, ICP-MS, FTIR, and diffuse-reflactance UV-visible spectroscopy. The p(HEMA)-Pd(II) and p(HEMA-MAH)-Pd(II) microsphere catalysts were active catalysts in Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions of arylbromides with phenylboronic acid affording biphenyls in high yield. Recycling experiments showed that the p(HEMA)-Pd(II) and p(HEMA-MAH)-Pd(II) microsphere catalysts could be used seven or ten times with essentially no loss in activity in the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions. more...
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- 2016
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6. Determination of Dopamine in Cerebrospinal Fluid by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry with a Functionalized Graphene Oxide Matrix
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Huayan Chen, Jidong Zhang, Xiaoling Zheng, Jing Zhang, He Wei, and Yongle Tian
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Detection limit ,Chromatography ,Graphene ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Oxide ,Substrate (chemistry) ,02 engineering and technology ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,law.invention ,Matrix (chemical analysis) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization ,chemistry ,law ,Electrochemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, whose concentration change causes various nervous system disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. In this study, hydroxyethyl methacrylate-functionalized graphene oxide was prepared and used as the substrate for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) for the mass spectrometric determination of dopamine. The results show that hydroxyethyl methacrylate-functionalized graphene oxide materials may be used as a matrix for MALDI. This approach combines enrichment and detection in a single step. The new method greatly shortens the analysis time and significantly reduces the amount of sample required for the analysis. The detection limit of the method was 20 ng/mL. These features not only ensure that the method is suitable for trace analysis, but also extend the range of application of MALDI analysis to biochemical science. more...
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- 2016
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7. Thermal stability and degradation behavior of hydroxyethyl methacrylate-poly(lactide) polymers
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Yeng Fong Shih and Sue May Chen
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Thermogravimetric analysis ,Lactide ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Thermal decomposition ,Trimer ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Polymer ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,010406 physical chemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Polymerization ,chemistry ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Thermal stability ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-Poly(L-lactide) (PLA) polymers, with different molar ratios of HEMA/lactide (1/4 and 1/8), were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization. The thermal degradation behavior and kinetic parameters of these obtained HEMA-PLA polymers were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Pyrolysis-Gas chromatography/Mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). It was found that the activation energies of thermal degradation of the polymers increased as the residue weight was decreased, indicating that the mechanism of thermal decomposition changes during the process progress. The results showed that the random chain scission proceeded at lower temperature, and subsequently the specific chain scission did so. Moreover, the results revealed that thermal stability of PLA was increased by the copolymerzation of HEMA. In addition, Py-GC/MS analysis showed that the main decomposed products obtained from the HEMA-PLA polymers were HEMA, lactide, dimer, trimer and tetramer. more...
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- 2016
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8. Bioactive nanocomposites for dental application obtained by reactive suspension method
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Federica Bondioli, Sergio Bortolini, Elena Boccardi, Aldo R. Boccaccini, Alfredo Natali, Oussama Boumezgane, and Massimo Messori
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Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Nanoparticle ,02 engineering and technology ,Dynamic mechanical analysis ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Polymerization ,Mechanics of Materials ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Polymer blend ,Composite material ,Methyl methacrylate ,0210 nano-technology ,Glass transition ,Elastic modulus - Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) filled poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PMMA/PHEMA) blends were prepared by reactive suspension method: HA was synthesized by co-precipitation process directly within a HEMA solution and the so-obtained suspension was polymerized in the presence of PMMA. HA particles were obtained in form of nanorods with a length of 50–200 nm and a diameter of 10–30 nm. A significant increase in glass transition temperature was observed in the nanocomposites with respect to the unfilled polymer blends. Dynamic-mechanical thermal analysis showed a significant increase in the storage modulus in the nanocomposites measured in the rubbery region. This increase was unpredicted by Mooney’s predictive equation and was attributed to the presence of cross-linking points due to the in situ generated HA particles. An increase in the elastic modulus was also observed at room temperature in compression and three-point bending tests. The presence of HA in the polymer blends resulte... more...
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- 2016
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9. Biopolymer based ion imprinting cryogel traps for the removal of Tl(I)
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Arzu Ersöz, Ebru Birlik Özkütük, Semra Cankara, Rıdvan Say, Ömer Öztürk, Anadolu Üniversitesi, Fen Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, Ersöz, Arzu, and Say, Rıdvan
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General Chemical Engineering ,Radical polymerization ,Filtration and Separation ,02 engineering and technology ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,Diamine ,Polymer chemistry ,Tl(I) ,Cryogel ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Aqueous solution ,Iip ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,010401 analytical chemistry ,General Chemistry ,Polymer ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Ammonium persulfate ,0210 nano-technology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
WOS: 000374638400001, The aim of this study is to prepare supermacroporous cryogel with embedded ion imprinted polymer (IIP) particles which can be used for the selective removal of Tl(I) from aqueous solution. In the first step, Tl(I) has complexed with chitosan and crosslinked with ephychlorohydrin. In the second step, the supermacroporous poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) cryogel with embedded IIP particles [PHEMA/MIP composite cryogel] which have been produced by free radical polymerization initiated by N,N,N',N'-tetramethylene diamine (TEMED) and ammonium persulfate (APS) pair in ice bath. The template, Tl(I), has been removed from the polymer using 0.1 M EDTA solution. The cryogel is characterized by swelling test, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effective parameters on Tl(I) adsorption process have evaluated by investigating the dependency of the adsorption capacity on flow-rate, Tl(I) concentration and contact time. The maximum adsorption capacity of Tl(I) ions has been found to be 1.55 mu gg(-1). The selectivity of the IIP biopolymer cryogel has investigated by competitive adsorption of Cd(II), Cu(II), K(I), and Fe(II). The relative selectivity coefficients of IIP biopolymer cryogel are 3.98 and 62.5 for Cd(II) and Cu(II), respectively. The IIP biopolymer cryogel could be used many times without any significant decrease in the adsorption capacity. As a conclusion it can be said that the IIP biopolymer cryogel could be used for specific separation of Tl(I) ions from nuclear, industrial, and environmental waste. more...
- Published
- 2015
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10. Synthesis and Characterization of Bridged Polysilsesquioxane Nanoparticles and Their Nanocomposites with Polycaprolactone by UV Irradiation
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Jong-Hee Lee, Deock-Sam Park, Jung-Hyurk Lim, and Kyung-Min Kim
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Materials science ,Nanocomposite ,Nanoparticle ,General Chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Condensation reaction ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Polymerization ,Polycaprolactone ,Polymer chemistry ,Ultraviolet light ,General Materials Science ,Caprolactone - Abstract
Spherical bridged polysilsesquioxane nanoparticles with thiol groups (BPS-SH) were prepared by the reduction of BPS with disulfide groups after the base-catalyzed hydrolysis and condensation reaction of bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)disulfide. The average size of BPS was around 100∼300 nm. Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-initiated polycaprolactone (PCL) was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of caprolactone under the co-initiation of HEMA and Sn(Oct)2. New nanocomposites of BPS-SH and HEMA-PCL were fabricated by the photo-induced chemical reaction under a photoradical generator and ultraviolet light. BPS was fully and continuously covered with PCL, which resulted in the rough surface of BPS nanoparticles as well as the connected BPS nanoparticles together. more...
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- 2015
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11. Analysis for the Reaction of Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate/Benzoyl Peroxide/Polymethacrylate Through DSC and Viscosity Changing and Their Resultants as Oil Absorbent
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Naiku Xu, Liqun Ning, Rui Wang, Changfa Xiao, and Yong Liu
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Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Viscometer ,General Chemistry ,Reactive extrusion ,Benzoyl peroxide ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,Differential scanning calorimetry ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Polymerization ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,medicine ,Suspension polymerization ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Polymethacrylate was firstly synthesized via suspension polymerization of the monomers including butyl methacrylate (BMA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as initiator. Then a mixture was prepared by mixing the synthesized polymethacrylate with the solution of HEMA and BPO and preserved in a sealed container for 24 h. Thereafter, we employed a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) to monitor the reaction process of HEMA involved in the mixture at a constant heating rate. The viscosity changing with time for the above mixture was also measured by a rotating viscometer at 85°C with N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as diluting agent. Finally, the results of DSC test and viscosity test were analyzed for revealing the reaction mechanism of HEMA involved in the above mixture. Based on this analysis, we chose suitable technology parameters for the above-prepared mixture's reactive extrusion. During the reactive extrusion, the polymerization of HEMA was initiated and the generated P... more...
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- 2015
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12. Does 2% chlorhexidine digluconate cavity disinfectant or sodium fluoride/hydroxyethyl methacrylate affect adhesion of universal adhesive to dentin?
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Mahmut Kuşdemir, Tuğba Toz, Alev Özsoy, Ali Riza Cetin, Mutlu Özcan, Funda Öztürk Bozkurt, University of Zurich, Özcan, Mutlu, and Selçuk Üniversitesi
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Molar ,universal bond system ,Materials science ,cavity disinfectant ,610 Medicine & health ,1600 General Chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,10068 Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,2211 Mechanics of Materials ,0302 clinical medicine ,stomatognathic system ,Cleanser ,Sodium fluoride ,Materials Chemistry ,Dentin ,medicine ,Composite material ,2505 Materials Chemistry ,adhesive resin ,chlorhexidine ,Chlorhexidine ,2508 Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,3110 Surfaces and Interfaces ,030206 dentistry ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,General Chemistry ,Adhesion ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,stomatognathic diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Adhesive ,0210 nano-technology ,Nuclear chemistry ,medicine.drug - Abstract
WOS: 000364193500003, The objectives of this study were to investigate the adhesion of a universal adhesive used either in total-etch (TE) or self-etch (SE) mode with and without 2% chlorhexidine digluconate cavity disinfectant (CHX) or sodium fluoride/hydroxyethyl methacrylate (NaF/HEMA) to dentin. Dentin surfaces of extracted human non-carious third molar teeth (N=18) were exposed and randomly assigned to two groups. Half of the teeth were conditioned with TE and the others with SE adhesive mode. The teeth were then randomly divided into two groups where half were cleaned with 2% CHX (Cavity Cleanser, Bisco, CC) and the other half with NaF/HEMA (Aqua Prep F, Bisco, APF). Control groups in TE (C1) and SE (C2) adhesive system did not receive any cavity disinfectant. Dentin surfaces were conditioned with universal adhesive (Single Bond Universal, SBU) and resin composite blocks (3M Z550) were bonded incrementally on the conditioned dentin using a mold. The teeth were stored in water for 48h, and from each tooth, beam-shaped specimens (1mm(2)) were prepared (n=14, per group). Microtensile bond strength (MBS) was measured using a universal testing machine (1mm/min). Data (MPa) were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (=0.05). Two-parameter Weibull distribution values including the Weibull modulus, scale (m), and shape ((0)) values were calculated. Mean MTBS results (MPa) showed significant difference between the experimental groups (p=0.001) and were in descending order as follows: C1-CC (32.8 +/- 6.4)a0.05). CC application significantly increased the bond strength in TE mode, but significant reduction was observed when used in SE mode (p more...
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- 2015
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13. Structure and Properties of In-Situ Reactive Compatibilized Polypropylene/Poly (Butyl Methacrylate-Co-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Blend Fibers
- Author
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Xutong Han, Changfa Xiao, Jinpeng Mo, and Naiku Xu
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Polypropylene ,Polarized light microscopy ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemistry ,Reactive extrusion ,Benzoyl peroxide ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Methacrylate ,Miscibility ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,Polymer blend ,medicine.drug - Abstract
In this study, in-situ compatibilized polymer blends of polypropylene (PP) and poly (butyl methacrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) P(BMA-co-HEMA) were prepared in a corotating twin screw extruder through the reactive extrusion of mixtures of PP, P(BMA-co-HEMA), butyl methacrylate, and benzoyl peroxide. In the process of reactive extrusion, butyl methacrylate and benzoyl peroxide were used as the monomer and the initiator, respectively. Thereafter the polymer blend was made into fibers via melt spinning. The miscibility of PP and P(BMA-co-HEMA) in the blend fibers was investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy. The absorption percentage of the blend fibers for organic liquids and their remaining ratios after the absorption tests were also determined and used to prove the generation of the third phase. The changes in the fiber morphology during organic liquid absorption were observed using polarized light microscopy. In addition, the effect of the miscibility on the crystal structure ... more...
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- 2015
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14. Temperature-responsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) nanogels for controlled release studies of curcumin
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K. Madhusudana Rao, E. Rotimi Sadiku, K. Sudhakar, K. Chowdoji Rao, and M. C. S. Subha
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Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Emulsion polymerization ,General Chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Controlled release ,Fourier transform spectroscopy ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Differential scanning calorimetry ,Targeted drug delivery ,chemistry ,Polymer chemistry ,Drug delivery ,Materials Chemistry ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
A series of nanogels (NGs) were developed from N-vinylcaprolactam and hydroxyethyl methacrylate through free radical emulsion polymerization using methylene bis acrylamide as cross-linker. Curcumin, an anticancer agent was successfully loaded into these NGs via equilibrium in situ method. These NGs were characterized by Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light-scattering experimental (DLS) techniques. The formation of co-polymeric NGs was confirmed by FTIR analysis. DSC results reveal that the drug was molecularly dispersed in the NG networks. TEM results indicate the formation of NGs, in a spherical shape, with the size of 150 nm. The DLS results also support the formation and size of NGs. An in vitro release study indicates that the NGs may be potentially useful for targeted drug delivery applications. more...
- Published
- 2015
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15. Hydrogel Ring for Topical Drug Delivery to the Ocular Posterior Segment
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Takao Sato, Akira Ohtori, Toru Matsunaga, Kakuji Tojo, Yuko Shikamura, and Yoshiko Yamazaki
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Ofloxacin ,medicine.medical_specialty ,genetic structures ,Administration, Topical ,02 engineering and technology ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Drug Delivery Systems ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cornea ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Animals ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Topical drug ,business.industry ,Posterior Eye Segment ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,eye diseases ,Sensory Systems ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Contact lens ,Posterior segment of eyeball ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Bulbar conjunctiva ,chemistry ,Models, Animal ,Drug delivery ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Rabbits ,sense organs ,Ophthalmic Solutions ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
To investigate the efficacy of a topical hydrogel ring for drug delivery to the posterior segment of the rabbit eye.Novel hydrogel corneal lenses (CL), scleral/corneal lenses (S/CL), and rings were prepared using poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate). The devices were immersed in 0.3% ofloxacin ophthalmic solution (OOS) to homogeneously distribute the drug throughout the hydrogel. The medicated CL, S/CL, Ring 1 (standard ring), or Ring 2 (shape-optimized ring) was applied to the surface of the cornea, cornea/bulbar conjunctiva, or bulbar conjunctiva of albino rabbits, respectively. Medicated rings did not touch the corneal surface. In another group, one OOS drop was administered to the eye. After 0.25-8 hours, the hydrogel devices were removed and ocular tissues were harvested. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure the ofloxacin concentration in the devices and tissues. The drug concentrations in the posterior segment tissues were compared among ofloxacin delivery methods.One hour after placement, eyes treated with Ring 1 or S/CL had markedly higher ofloxacin levels in the posterior segment tissues (conjunctiva, sclera, and retina/choroid) than eyes treated with topical OOS or a CL. Lower levels of ofloxacin were found in anterior segment tissues (cornea and aqueous humor) in eyes treated with Ring 1 compared to those treated with S/CL. Ring 2 most effectively delivered ofloxacin to the retina/choroid. The tissue ofloxacin concentration in the fellow eye was markedly lower than the eye treated with Ring 2.Our results suggest that hydrogel rings are effective in delivering topical ophthalmic drugs to the posterior segment. The drugs are most likely delivered via the transconjunctival/scleral route by lateral diffusion across the bulbar conjunctiva and through the sclera. Systemic drug delivery to the posterior segment is minimal. more...
- Published
- 2015
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16. Evaluation of the effectiveness of microparticle-embedded cryogel system in removal of 17β-estradiol from aqueous solution
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Ali Kara, Aslı Göçenoğlu Sarıkaya, and Bilgen Osman
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021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Aqueous solution ,Chromatography ,Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Emulsion polymerization ,Infrared spectroscopy ,Ocean Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Pollution ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,medicine ,Swelling ,medicine.symptom ,Microparticle ,0210 nano-technology ,Water Science and Technology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
In this study, we have synthesized microparticle-embedded cryogel system for removal of 17β-estradiol (E2). Firstly, the poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-L-tryptophan methyl ester) poly(HEMA-MATrp) microparticles were produced by emulsion polymerization. And then, poly(HEMA-MATrp) microparticles were embedded in poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) cryogel and [PHEMA/MATrp] cryogel system was prepared. [PHEMA/MATrp] cryogel system was used for the removal of E2. The characterization studies of the poly(HEMA-MATrp) microparticles and cryogel system were conducted by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and swelling studies. The effects of initial concentration, temperature, and contact time on adsorption of E2 were investigated. Maximum adsorption capacity of PHEMA/MATrp cryogel was determined as 2.75 mg E2/g cryogel at 25°C. The adsorption process obeyed both pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models. All the isotherm d... more...
- Published
- 2015
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17. Synthesis and characterization of novel dual environment-responsive hydrogels of Hydroxyethyl methacrylate and Methyl cellulose
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S. Saha Ray, Rik Dhar, Gauri Shankar, Priyanka Goyal, Kunal Pal, Sai S. Sagiri, Krishna Pramanik, Indranil Banerjee, K. Uvanesh, K. Senthilguru, and Ajit Samal
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Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Radical polymerization ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,macromolecular substances ,General Chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,complex mixtures ,Viscoelasticity ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemical engineering ,Polymerization ,chemistry ,Methyl cellulose ,Self-healing hydrogels ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Swelling ,medicine.symptom - Abstract
The current study describes the synthesis and characterization of dual environment-responsive semi-interpenetrating hydrogels of polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate (pHEMA) and methyl cellulose (MC). HEMA was polymerized using free radical polymerization technique. Different proportions of MC were incorporated within the pHEMA matrix to induce environment-sensitive property. The microstructures of the hydrogels were studied under bright field microscopy. The hydrogels were thoroughly characterized using XRD, FTIR, swelling, mechanical and electrical studies. The micrographs of the hydrogels suggested formation of biphasic system. At lower proportions of MC, the hydrogels were oil-in-water type of formulations. An increase in the MC content resulted in the formation of bicontinuous biphasic formulations. Mechanical analysis suggested viscoelastic solid nature of the hydrogels. An increase in the MC content resulted in the increase in the viscous component. The electrical studies suggested resistive dominant beha... more...
- Published
- 2015
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18. Crystallization Kinetics of Polypropylene and Poly (butyl methacrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) Blend
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Jian Zhao, Zhiying Zhang, and Changfa Xiao
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Polypropylene ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Nucleation ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Methacrylate ,Analytical Chemistry ,law.invention ,Avrami equation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Differential scanning calorimetry ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,law ,Polymer chemistry ,Copolymer ,Crystallization - Abstract
The crystallization kinetics of polypropylene and poly (butyl methacrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) blend was investigated with differential scanning calorimetry. The isothermal crystallization analysis based on the Avrami theory indicated a heterogeneous nucleating effect from the copolymer. A systematic study of the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics was undertaken using the Avrami equation and its later modifications by Ozawa, Mo, and Zhang. The results demonstrated that the linear relationship failed in the different cooling rates because the Avrami method did not take into account that the crystallization temperature was lowered continuously. The Ozawa and Mo methods could be successful in describing the overall nonisothermal process of polypropylene and the blend. In addition, the nonisothermal crystallization energy values were estimated by the Kissinger and Freidman models. There are two mutually opposite effects on the crystallization behavior of the blend: nucleation ability and growth ... more...
- Published
- 2014
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19. Offline Monitoring of Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate and 3-Dimethylaminopropyl Methacrylamide Copolymerization: Correlation Between FTIR and GC Quantifications
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Nouha Domloge, Raymond B. Clark, Osama M. Musa, Frederique Portolan, Jean-François Pilard, and Nicolas Esselin
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Chemistry ,Analytical chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Methacrylate ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Analytical Chemistry ,Absorbance ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,Attenuated total reflection ,Copolymer ,Methacrylamide ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is classically used to monitor homopolymerizations. In this article, this analytical technique was extended to monitor the synthesis of VIVIPRINT 300, which is a copolymer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and N-[3-dimethylaminopropyl]methacrylamide (DMAPMA). The calibration curves devised for this study were based on the two homopolymers P(HEMA) and P(DMAPMA). A good correlation was realized between the FTIR absorbance intensities observed respectively at 1300 cm−1 (polymerized C-O ester bond) and 1230 cm−1 (polymerized C-N amide bond) and the level of residual HEMA and DMAPMA monomers determined by GC. Application of these calibration curves to the copolymerization also exhibited a good correlation of data relating to residual monomer determination by FTIR and GC, validating the success of this spectroscopic in situ technique. more...
- Published
- 2014
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20. Cholesterol removal from various samples by cholesterol-imprinted monosize microsphere-embedded cryogels
- Author
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Gözde Baydemir, Handan Yavuz, Kivilcim Caktu, and Bahar Ergün
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Materials science ,Food Handling ,Composite number ,Biomedical Engineering ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Molecular Imprinting ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,Polymethacrylic Acids ,Specific surface area ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Particle Size ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate ,Chromatography ,General Medicine ,Microspheres ,Cholesterol ,Milk ,chemistry ,Tyrosine ,Cattle ,Particle size ,Swelling ,medicine.symptom ,Molecular imprinting ,Cryogels ,Biotechnology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Cholesterol-imprinted monosize poly(glycidyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-(L)-tyrosine methylester) microspheres were embedded into the poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) cryogels and the resulting composite cryogel was used for the selective removal of cholesterol. Composite cryogels were characterized by swelling tests, multipoint BET apparatus, SEM, FTIR and elemental analysis studies. Specific surface area of the PHEMA cryogel was increased from 13 to 72.7 m(2)/g by embedding of microspheres. Composite cryogels removed 80% of cholesterol from homogenized milk. The maximum adsorption capacity was found as 42.7 mg/g for intestinal mimicking solution. After 20 adsorption-desorption cycles, there was no remarkable decrease in the adsorption capacity. more...
- Published
- 2013
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21. In vitrouptake and release of natamycin Dex-b-PLA nanoparticles from model contact lens materials
- Author
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Lakshman N. Subbaraman, Chau-Minh Phan, Frank X. Gu, Lyndon Jones, and Shengyan Liu
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Tris ,Antifungal Agents ,Materials science ,Natamycin ,Silylation ,Contact Lenses ,Polyesters ,Silicones ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Bioengineering ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Methacrylate ,Biomaterials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Spectrophotometry ,Polymer chemistry ,medicine ,Drug Carriers ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Dextrans ,Hydrogels ,Contact lens ,chemistry ,Drug delivery ,Nanoparticles ,medicine.drug ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
To evaluate the uptake and release of the antifungal agent natamycin encapsulated within poly(D,L-lactide)-dextran nanoparticles (Dex-b-PLA NPs) from model contact lens (CL) materials.Six model CL materials (gel 1:poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate, pHEMA); gel 2:85% pHEMA: 15% [Tris(trimethylsiloxy)silyl]-propyl methacrylate (TRIS); gel 3: 75% pHEMA: 25% TRIS; gel 4: 85% N,N dimethylacrylamide (DMAA): 15% TRIS; gel 5:75% DMAA: 25% TRIS; and gel 6: DMAA) were prepared using a photoinitiation procedure. The gels were incubated in: (1) natamycin dissolved in deionized (DI) water and (2) natamycin encapsulated within Dex-b-PLA NPs in dimethylsulfoxide/DI water. Natamycin release from these materials was monitored using UV-visible spectrophotometry at 304 nm over 7 d.Natamycin uptake by all model CL materials increased between 1 and 7 d (p0.001). The uptake of natamycin-NPs was higher than the uptake of the drug alone in DI water (p0.05). Drug release was higher in materials containing DMAA than pHEMA (p0.05). All gels loaded with natamycin-NPs also released more drug compared to gels soaked with natamycin in DI water (p0.001). After 1 h, CL materials loaded with natamycin alone released 28-82% of the total drug release. With the exception of gel 6, this burst released was reduced to 21-54% for CL materials loaded with natamycin-NPs.Model CL materials loaded with natamycin-Dex-b-PLA NPs were able to release natamycin for up to 12 h under infinite sink conditions. DMAA-TRIS materials may be more suitable for drug delivery of natamycin due to the higher drug release observed with these materials. more...
- Published
- 2013
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22. Facile way to synthesise hydrogel contact lenses with good performance for ophthalmic drug delivery
- Author
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D Li and X H Hu
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Materials science ,Low oxygen ,Mechanical Engineering ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,macromolecular substances ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Condensed Matter Physics ,complex mixtures ,Contact lens ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Polymerization ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Drug delivery ,Self-healing hydrogels ,Ophthalmic drug ,medicine ,General Materials Science ,Swelling ,medicine.symptom ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
Hydrogel contact lenses are ideal carriers for ophthalmic drug delivery. Conventional poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogel contact lenses have restricted applications in ophthalmic drug delivery due to low oxygen transmissibility. Water and hydrophilic monomer N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone are introduced in polymerisation to enhance the properties of hydrogel such as gelation time, transparency, structure, swelling and water retention properties in this work. Norfloxacin as a drug model could be loaded into hydrogels by soaking repeatedly. The sustained drug release in a given period is dependent on the characteristics of solution and loading time. more...
- Published
- 2013
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23. Structure and Absorption Property of the Functional Fiber Based on Polymethacrylate Prepared via Reactive Extrusion and Melt Spinning
- Author
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Changfa Xiao, Naiku Xu, Jian Zhao, and Xiao Ma
- Subjects
Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Reactive extrusion ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Thermal stability ,Suspension polymerization ,Fiber ,Melt spinning ,Composite material ,Mass fraction ,Spinning - Abstract
The homopolymer of butyl methacrylate was synthesized by suspension polymerization, then the solution for the monomer hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and the initiator benzoyl peroxide (BPO) was mixed with the homopolymer, finally the above mixture was made into organic liquids absorptive functional fiber via the method of reactive extrusion-melt spinning. The absorption capacity, gel fraction, remaining ratio and thermal stability of the fiber were investigated. In addition, the morphology of the fiber was observed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The results show that with increasing the mass fraction of HEMA in the mixture the spinnability of the mixture gradually becomes poor, and the absorbency for all the fiber samples displays the changing trend of first increase and then decrease with the extension of absorptive time. The gel fraction first increases and then decreases with increasing the mass fraction of HEMA in the mixture, along with the remaining ratio. The fiber is fir... more...
- Published
- 2013
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24. Synthesis and Characterization of Aliphatic Tri-functional Oligomeric Urethane Methacrylate used for UV-Curable Aluminum Pigmented Coatings
- Author
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Murat Bengisu, Houman Farzad, Behzad Shirkavand Hadavand, Elvan Yilmaz, and Farhood Najafi
- Subjects
Diethanolamine ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemistry ,TMPTA ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Methacrylate ,Dispersant ,Dibutyltin dilaurate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Isophorone diisocyanate ,Photoinitiator - Abstract
A new UV-curable coating with aluminum pigments was developed as part of an effort to replace chromium coatings, which raise health and environmental concerns. For achieving this, aliphatic tri-functional oligomeric urethane methacrylate (ATOUA) was synthesized using trimethylol propane (TMP), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) as a catalyst. In order to obtain a metallic shine effect, leafing and non-leafing aluminum pigments were formulated with ATOUA to obtain a series of coatings. The UV-curable aluminum pigmented coatings were prepared by blending ATOUA, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) and trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA) as reactive diluents, benzophenone as photoinitiator, N-methyl diethanolamine as co-initiator, aluminum pigments, and wetting and dispersing agent (OA 10EO). Surface morphology of the coatings was investigated through SEM. FTIR; 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopes were used to characterize composition of the synthes... more...
- Published
- 2013
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25. Preparation of Biocompatible Graphene Oxide Composite Hydrogel to Deliver Ophthalmic Drugs
- Author
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Chengbin Pan, Huaping Tan, Xiuxia Chen, Hu Xiaohong, Yuansheng Zhang, and Dan Li
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Graphene ,General Chemistry ,Polymer ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Poloxamer ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,Polymerization ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,law ,Self-healing hydrogels ,Polymer chemistry ,Drug delivery ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites - Abstract
Considering that conventional hydrogels showed limited capabilities of controlling hydrophobic drug loading and releasing and graphene materials had interactions with hydrophobic drugs, we designed a graphene oxide (GO) composite hydrogel for drug delivery. But GO could not disperse well in monomer solution and agglomerated badly. Thus, water-soluble GO (GO-tripolymer) was first prepared under the stabilization of amphiphilic polymer, Pluronic F-127. The GO-tripolymer showed good solubility in PBS with the increase of polymer concentration. All GO-tripolymer solutions had the same UV absorption peaks as GO. Then, GO composite hydrogels (HNG hydrogels) were formed by the polymerization of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), N-Vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) and GO-tripolymer mixture. The introduction of GO-tripolymer had little effect on the gelation time and equilibrium swelling ratio of hydrogel. The freeze-drying hydrogel showed porous structure. The pore size decreased and the rough surface was detected with the... more...
- Published
- 2013
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26. Surface and Physical Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene/Poly (Butyl Methacrylate-co-hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Blend Fiber
- Author
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Jian Zhao, Changfa Xiao, and Naiku Xu
- Subjects
Polypropylene ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Polymer ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Dynamic mechanical analysis ,Methacrylate ,Surface energy ,Analytical Chemistry ,Contact angle ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Polymer blend ,Composite material - Abstract
A series of polypropylene (PP)/poly (butyl methacrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PBMA-co-HEMA) blend fibers were prepared by the melt-spinning method. The surface properties of the oil absorptive fibers were investigated for the first time by contact angle measurement in various liquids. The results indicate that as-prepared fibers, as a potential material for oil spill application, are both very hydrophilic and oleophilic. Surface energies were evaluated by the Zisman (28 kJ/m2 for surface energy of PP) and Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelbel (28.9 and 0.3 kJ/m2 for dispersive and polar fraction of the 50-50 blend fiber, respectively) methods. A synergistic toughening effect between PP and PBMA-co-HEMA is presented by tensile measurement and micrographs. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements demonstrate the limited partial compatibility of the two polymers. Moreover, the storage modulus of the blend decreases with increase in copolymer content. more...
- Published
- 2012
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27. Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) based magnetic nanoparticles for lysozyme purification from chicken egg white
- Author
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Adil Denizli and Kazım Köse
- Subjects
Materials science ,Biomedical Engineering ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Nanoparticle ,Emulsion polymerization ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,Egg White ,Specific surface area ,Animals ,Magnetite Nanoparticles ,Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate ,Chromatography ,General Medicine ,chemistry ,Tyrosine ,Magnetic nanoparticles ,Muramidase ,Lysozyme ,Chickens ,Biotechnology ,Egg white - Abstract
The purpose of this article is to synthesize poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-(L)-tryptophan) [mPHEMATrp] magnetic nanoparticles for lysozyme purification from chicken egg white. mPHEMATrp nanoparticles (38 nm in diameter) were synthesized by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization. Specific surface area of the mPHEMATrp nanoparticles was calculated to be 896 m2/g. Elemental analysis of mPHEMATrp nanoparticles was estimated in the range of 5.7–48.3 µmol MATrp/g. The maximum lysozyme adsorption capacity of the mPHEMATrp nanoparticles was 376.1 mg/g. The mPHEMATrp nanoparticles could be used five times without decreasing the lysozyme adsorption capacity significantly. The results indicate that the mPHEMATrp nanoparticles promise high selectivity for lysozyme purification. more...
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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28. Macroporous PHEMA-based cryogel discs for bilirubin removal
- Author
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Adil Denizli, Işık Perçin, Bahar Ergün, and Gözde Baydemir
- Subjects
Materials science ,Bulk polymerization ,Surface Properties ,Scanning electron microscope ,Biomedical Engineering ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Chromatography, Affinity ,Contact angle ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,medicine ,Humans ,Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate ,Chromatography ,Tryptophan ,Bilirubin ,General Medicine ,Surface energy ,chemistry ,Yield (chemistry) ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Thermodynamics ,Swelling ,medicine.symptom ,Cryogels ,Biotechnology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
A novel N-methacryloyl-L-tryptophan methyl ester (MATrp) containing poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) cryogel (PHEMATrp) disc was prepared for removal of bilirubin (BR) out of human plasma. PHEMATrp cryogel disc was produced by bulk polymerization, with high gelation yield up to 92% and characterized by swelling tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis, Brunauer– Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, contact angle measurements and surface energy calculations. BR adsorption studies were performed in a batch system, and the maximum BR adsorption capacity was found as 22.2 mg/g cryogel disc. more...
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Dextran-graft-poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) gels: a new biosorbent for fluoride removal of water
- Author
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Mohammad Sadegh Amini-Fazl, Ali Ahmari, Seyyed Abbas Mousavi, Roghieh Ahmari, and Ali Amini-Fazl
- Subjects
Thermogravimetric analysis ,Absorption of water ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate ,General Chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Silver nanoparticle ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Distilled water ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Ammonium persulfate ,Fluoride ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Synthesis of dextran-graft-poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) gels as a new fluoride biosorbent was considered in this work. For this propose, the Taguchi experimental design method was used for optimizing the synthetic conditions of the gels to reach high level of fluoride absorbency. The effects of three main parameters including concentrations of monomer (hydroxyethyl methacrylate), crosslinking agent (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate), and initiator (ammonium persulfate) on the final properties of the prepared gels were investigated. The proposed mechanism for grafting and chemically crosslinking reactions was proved with equilibrium water absorption, Fourier-transformed infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Under the optimized synthetic conditions, the maximum fluoride adsorption capacity in distilled water was found to be 8312 (mg fluoride/kg dried gel). As well, the loading of prepared gels with silver nanoparticles has been considered to achieve antibacterial activity.... more...
- Published
- 2012
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30. Histidine Containing Macroporous Affinity Cryogels for Immunoglobulin G Purification
- Author
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Adil Denizli, Nilay Bereli, and Gizem Ertürk
- Subjects
Process Chemistry and Technology ,General Chemical Engineering ,Comonomer ,Radical polymerization ,Filtration and Separation ,General Chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Specific surface area ,Diamine ,Protein purification ,Polymer chemistry ,Ammonium persulfate - Abstract
A supermacroporous cryogel was prepared to obtain an efficient and cost effective purification of IgG from human plasma. N-methacryloyl-(L)-histidine methyl ester (MAH) was chosen as the pseudospecific ligand and/or comonomer. Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-(L)-histidine methylester) [PHEMAH] cryogel was produced by free radical polymerization initiated by N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylene diamine (TEMED) and ammonium persulfate (APS) pair in an ice bath. PHEMAH cryogel had a specific surface area of 38.6 m2/g. PHEMAH cryogel was characterized by swelling studies, scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis. PHEMAH cryogel containing 113.7 µmol MAH/g was used in the purification of IgG from human plasma. Compared with the poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) cryogel (0.4 mg/g), the IgG adsorption capacity of the PHEMAH cryogel (24.7 mg/g) was improved significantly due to the MAH incorporation into the polymeric matrix. The maximum amount of IgG adsorption from aqueous solution in phospha... more...
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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31. Microstructure, Rheology, and Potential Oil Absorbency of Poly(Butyl Methacrylate) and Poly(Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Blends
- Author
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Yan Feng, Naiku Xu, Changfa Xiao, and Jian Zhao
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemistry ,Polymer ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Dimethylacetamide ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,chemistry ,Polymerization ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Suspension polymerization ,Polymer blend ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - Abstract
To prepare oil-absorptive polymers with moderate cross-linking structure, poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) was synthesized as a linear hydrophobic polymer by suspension polymerization. In addition, hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), as a monomer, which could construct a network structure among the macromolecules via hydrogen bond interactions, was solution polymerized in dimethylacetamide (DMAc) with PBMA, yielding a polymer blend of PBMA and PHEMA. The solution of the polymer blend was investigated by rotational viscometry and extended rheometry. The results showed that the viscosity varied greatly with the temperature and shear rate for three different compositions. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated that an entanglement or interlocking cross-linking structure of molecular chains was constructed by hydrogen bonds. The results from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra exhibited a downfield movement of the proton peak as influenced by end groups or hydroxyls in the polymer chains. The r... more...
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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32. Kinetics Modeling and Mechanism of Organic Matter Absorption in Functional Fiber Based on Butyl Methacrylate-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Copolymer and Low Density Polyethylene
- Author
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Changfa Xiao and Naiku Xu
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Low-density polyethylene ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,Copolymer ,Organic matter ,Fiber ,Polymer blend ,Absorption (chemistry) ,Swelling ,medicine.symptom - Abstract
Functional fiber based on butyl methacrylate-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer and low density polyethylene was prepared via the method of gelation-spinning, and then the kinetics model and mechanism of organic matter absorption into the functional fiber were investigated. The results show that a lot of microvoids are constructed within the cross section of the functional fiber, but the microvoids do not make a significant contribution to the absorption of organic matter. The functional fiber can absorb toluene at a quick rate, while it can absorb trichloroethylene and chloroform at a relatively slower rate. The swelling capability of the blend fiber in selected organic matter is weaker than the one of butyl methacrylate-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer fiber, and the swelling behavior is controlled by stress relaxation in the amorphous portion of the polymer blend network. Furthermore, second-order kinetics model is more suitable for describing the process of organic matter absorption than first-ord... more...
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Swelling Parameters and Mechanical Properties of Functional Fibers Based on Butyl Methacrylate-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Copolymer
- Author
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Changfa Xiao and Naiku Xu
- Subjects
Chloroform ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Scanning electron microscope ,General Chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Methacrylate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Copolymer ,medicine ,Suspension polymerization ,Swelling ,medicine.symptom - Abstract
Butyl methacrylate-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (BMA-HEMA) copolymers were synthesized by the method of suspension polymerization. The copolymer fibers were prepared for absorbing liquid organic matter by gelation-spinning in a twin screw extrusion machine. The swelling parameters and mechanical properties were investigated, and the morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the degree of equilibrium swelling for the fibers increased with increasing the mass fraction of HEMA in the monomer feed when toluene, trichloroethylene, or chloroform were selected as organic absorbates. All of the interaction parameters, χ 1, for the fibers and organic liquids were less than 0.5, with the order of the interaction parameters χ 1 being as follows: toluene > trichloroethylene > chloroform. Average molecular weights between crosslink points, M c, and effective crosslink density, V e, were dependent on the selected organic liquids; for the different organic liquids, M c and V e wer... more...
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Preparation and Properties of Oil-Absorptive Fiber Based on Polybutyl Methacrylate-inter-polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate via Wet Spinning
- Author
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Naiku Xu, Yan Feng, Jian Zhao, and Changfa Xiao
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Thermogravimetric analysis ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Polymer ,Divinylbenzene ,Thermogravimetry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Differential scanning calorimetry ,chemistry ,Polymerization ,Materials Chemistry ,Fiber ,Composite material - Abstract
A series of polymers system based on poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) and poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPN) (PBMA/ PHEMA = 70/30 by weight) have been attained by a sequential polymerization method using divinylbenzene (DVB) as cross-linking agent. Oil-absorptive fibers are prepared by wet-spinning processing. Oil absorbencies, swollen diameter variation, tensile strength, percentage elongation at break of the oil-absorptive fibers are reported. Crystalline structures have been estimated using wide angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD). Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are used to investigate thermal properties of oil-absorptive fibers. The results show that the cross-linking agent has a full impact on the properties of the oil-absorptive fiber. With an increase in DVB, oil absorbency can be improved, and the fiber shows many special phenomena including perfect cross-linking structure, ex... more...
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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35. Property and Structure of Novel Absorptive Fiber Prepared by Blending Butyl Methacrylate-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Copolymer with Low Density Polyethylene
- Author
-
Naiku Xu and Changfa Xiao
- Subjects
Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Methacrylate ,law.invention ,Low-density polyethylene ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Crystallinity ,Synthetic fiber ,chemistry ,law ,Materials Chemistry ,Fiber ,Polymer blend ,Composite material ,Crystallization - Abstract
A novel absorptive fiber based on butyl methacrylate (BMA)-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) copolymer and low density polyethylene (LDPE) was prepared by the method of gelation-spinning in twin screw extruding machine, swelling behavior, thermal behavior, crystallization behavior and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics were investigated, finally, the morphology structure for the cross-section was observed by SEM. The results show that the saturated absorbency for the blend fiber gradually decreases with increasing mass fraction of LDPE in mixture ratio from 10 wt% to 30 wt%. The results analyzed by DSC and WAXD show that crystallization and melting behaviors for the blend fiber are similar to those for pure LDPE fiber, and the crystallinity for the blend fiber decreases with decreasing mass fraction of LDPE. The results observed by SEM show that the cross-section for BMA-HEMA copolymer fiber shows a mono-phase structure with many cavities, as mass fraction of LDPE increases from 10 wt% to 30 wt%, the m... more...
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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36. Proliferation of Chondrocytes on a 3-D Modelled Macroporous Poly(Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate)–Gelatin Cryogel
- Author
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Ashok Kumar, Deepti Singh, Vijayashree Nayak, and Anuj Tripathi
- Subjects
food.ingredient ,Materials science ,Biocompatibility ,Scanning electron microscope ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Biocompatible Materials ,Bioengineering ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Interconnectivity ,Gelatin ,Biomaterials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chondrocytes ,food ,Materials Testing ,Animals ,Composite material ,Porosity ,Cell Proliferation ,Goats ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Hydrogels ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Compressive strength ,chemistry ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Methacrylates ,Ethylene glycol ,Cryogels - Abstract
Tissue-engineering constructs should be designed to mimic the native tissue environment for cells, the scaffold matching to stiffness and strength of the tissues while maintaining an interconnected porous network and a reasonable porosity. This study presents a new single-step protocol for synthesis of a poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate-gelatin (HPG) macroporous polymeric scaffold with well-controlled porous structure and good mechanical strength. The pore size of these matrices lies in the range of 30 to 100 μm with an average pore diameter of 80 μm and with an interconnected pore structure as analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Further, interconnectivity was also confirmed by high solvent uptake capacity, as the cryogel reached its equilibrium within 2 min. The gels also showed substantial mechanical integrity, i.e., the average compressive modulus was 32.73 ± 2.36 kPa at 15% compression of their original length. The degree of weight loss of these cryogels was found to be approx. 88% within 8 weeks of incubation in PBS (pH 7.4) at 37°C. Physio-chemically optimized cryogel was further evaluated for in vitro growth and proliferation of isolated primary goat chondrocytes up to 3 weeks. The cell adherence on cryogel was examined by SEM analysis, while cell-matrix interaction was examined by 4-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and propidium iodide staining. Furthermore, the cell compatibility and proliferation was evaluated using the MTT assay. Increase in total cellular metabolic activity was observed as shown by continuous increase in glycosaminoglycan and collagen contents with time. Collagen type-I and type-II gene expression analysed for over 3 weeks by RT-PCR showed the prominent expression of collagen type-II. These results suggest the use of synthesised cryogel scaffold as a matrix for chondrocyte attachment and proliferation in 3-D environment and as a delivery system in cartilage-tissue engineering. more...
- Published
- 2011
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37. The Preparation and Properties of Absorption Functional Fiber Based on Butyl Methacrylate/Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Copolymer and Low-Density Polyethylene
- Author
-
Changfa Xiao and Naiku Xu
- Subjects
Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,food and beverages ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Miscibility ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Low-density polyethylene ,Synthetic fiber ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Copolymer ,Fiber ,Polymer blend ,Absorption (chemistry) - Abstract
Absorption functional fiber based on butyl methacrylate (BMA)/hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) copolymer and low density polyethylene (LDPE) was prepared by the method of gelation-spinning in a twin screw extruding machine. The swelling behavior, desorption, selective absorption, miscibility of polymer blend and the influence of post-treatment on the relevant property were investigated. The results show that the fiber poorly absorbs ethanol and water, but can absorb a large amount of toluene, trichloroethylene or chloroform in a comparatively short time. Desorption results show that the absorbed organic matter can be effectively removed from the swollen fiber by the methods of elution and extraction, and the regenerated fiber can be reused. The results for selective absorption show that the fiber can absorb toluene from mixed system with a higher efficiency during a short time. The results analyzed by DMA and TG show that there is a lower level of miscibility of LDPE with BMA/HEMA copolymer in amorphous r... more...
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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38. Experimental Design in the Preparation of Modified HEMA-Based Superporous Hydrogels in an Aqueous Medium
- Author
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Hossein Omidian, Jose G. Rocca, and Kinam Park
- Subjects
Superporous hydrogels ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Aqueous medium ,Atmospheric oxygen ,General Chemical Engineering ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Analytical Chemistry ,Matrix (chemical analysis) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Taguchi methods ,Reaction temperature ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,medicine ,Organic chemistry ,Swelling ,medicine.symptom - Abstract
Due to a relatively large number of excipients and their concentrations, which can be used effectively in the preparation of superporous hydrogels, an experimental design based on the Taguchi matrix has proven to be a very valuable tool in screening and narrowing down the final formulation. In this study, the effect of starting materials, their concentrations as well as the starting reaction temperature, were examined in the preparation of superporous hydrogels based on hydroxyethyl methacrylate. A large number of possible formulations and conditions might lead to the production of a reasonable hydrogel network, but some formulations produce stronger or faster swelling superporous hydrogels than others. The final properties of the superporous hydrogels depend upon the events that occur during formation of the gel, including the presence of atmospheric oxygen, which is responsible for the inhibition period seen at the start of the reaction, and also including the change in temperature at which the reaction... more...
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Synthesis and Characterization of 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate (HEMA) and Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) Copolymer Used as Biomaterial
- Author
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Ali Usanmaz, Nurdan Demirci Sankir, Bengi Aran, Mehmet Sankir, and Elif Vargün
- Subjects
Thermogravimetric analysis ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Comonomer ,Emulsion polymerization ,Chain transfer ,General Chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Methacrylate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Copolymer ,Methyl methacrylate - Abstract
A series of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PMMA-co-PHEMA), copolymers were synthesized by an emulsion polymerization technique. Copolymer compositions were determined by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. It was found that comonomer ratios used in the recipes were comparable within the actual copolymers. Glass transition temperatures (Tg) of PMMA-co-PHEMA copolymers were varied from 119°C to 100°C by increasing HEMA content. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the copolymers were stable up to 330°C. High intrinsic viscosity values of copolymer resulted in ductile solution-cast films. The hydrophilicity of the films was analyzed by water uptake measurements. more...
- Published
- 2010
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40. A Novel Absorptive Functional Fiber Copolymerized by Butyl Methacrylate with Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate: Preparation and Characterization
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Changfa Xiao and Naiku Xu
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Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Benzoyl peroxide ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Synthetic fiber ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,law ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,Copolymer ,Suspension polymerization ,Fiber ,Crystallization ,Swelling ,medicine.symptom ,medicine.drug - Abstract
With benzoyl peroxide as initiator, BMA/HEMA copolymer was firstly synthesized by suspension polymerization, and then the functional fiber that could absorb organic matter was prepared by gelation-spinning, finally its corresponding characteristics were studied. The results analyzed by WAXD and TG showed that the crystallization ability of fiber is dependent on the mass fraction of HEMA; the higher the mass fraction of HEMA is, the weaker the crystallization ability. The investigation on swelling behavior showed that the absorbency for BMA homopolymer fiber decreases with increasing absorptive time, even the fiber can dissolve into organic matter. After HEMA was copolymerized with BMA, the absorbency increases as increasing absorptive time, but the absorbency for fiber with 5 wt% HEMA is lower than that for fiber with 10 wt% or 15 wt% HEMA at the same absorptive time. The remaining ratio and oil retention ratio increase with the increase of the mass fraction of HEMA. The result obtained by SEM showed that... more...
- Published
- 2009
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41. The Effect of Nano-SiO2Colloid on Soap-free Emulsion Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate and Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate
- Author
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Cai-Li Yu, Jian-Shu Kang, and Faai Zhang
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Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Radical polymerization ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Emulsion polymerization ,General Chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Polymerization ,Polymer chemistry ,Emulsion ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Particle size ,Methyl methacrylate - Abstract
Soap-free emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) was carried out in the presence of colloidal nano-SiO2 particles. The effect of nano-SiO2 level on the monomer conversion, polymerization rate (Rp), and emulsion stability was investigated. The viscosity, particle size distribution of the emulsions, surface tension, and ionic conductivity of these systems were determined. Upon the introduction of the nano-SiO2 particles into this system, the Rp and monomer conversion increased and the average particle size of the P(MMA-HEMA) emulsion decreased in comparison to emulsions formed in the absence of nano-SiO2. However, the particle size distribution became broader to some degree. Scanning electron microscope observations demonstrated that the shape of these latex particles were uniformly spherical. The surface tension and ionic conductivity of the system increased significantly after polymerization, but the presence of nano-SiO2 resulted in an increase in surfac... more...
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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42. Study on Absorptive Property and Structure of Resin Copolymerized by Butyl Methacrylate with Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate
- Author
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Yan Feng, Zhe Song, An Shulin, Naiku Xu, Zhiying Zhang, and Changfa Xiao
- Subjects
Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Chemical structure ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Toluene ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,Suspension polymerization ,Thermal stability ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Swelling ,medicine.symptom - Abstract
The resin was synthesized by suspension polymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA) with hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and its swelling properties were studied. The chemical structure was analyzed by FTIR and NMR spectrometer. Additionally, thermal properties were determined by TG and DSC, respectively. Finally, the fibrous resin was prepared by gelation-spinning. Its dynamic mechanics performance was researched by DMA and surface morphology was observed by SEM. The results showed mass fraction of HEMA in monomer feed ratio was a main factor affecting saturated absorbency, absorptive rate, and the content ratio of the remaining resin, and the maximum gram absorbency of resin for various organic chemicals were 1.175 g for kerosene, 12.59 g for toluene, and 24.03 g for trichloroethylene respectively. Besides, intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bond formed, which was beneficial to form physical cross-link structure, but chemical cross-link structure between macromolecules could not be formed. Furth... more...
- Published
- 2009
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43. Copolymers of 2‐(3‐(6‐tetralino)‐3‐methyl‐1‐cyclobutyl)‐2‐Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate with Acrylonitrile and 4‐Vinylpyridine: Synthesis, Characterization, and Monomer Reactivity Ratios
- Author
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Ibrahim Erol
- Subjects
Thermogravimetric analysis ,Polymers and Plastics ,Thermal decomposition ,General Chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Methacrylate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,chemistry ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Copolymer ,Reactivity (chemistry) ,Acrylonitrile - Abstract
The copolymerization of 2‐(3‐(6‐tetralino)‐3‐methyl‐1‐cyclobutyl)‐2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (TCHEMA), monomer with acrylonitrile and 4‐vinylpyridine were carried out in 1,4‐dioxane solution at 65°C using AIBN as an initiator. The copolymers were characterized by FTIR, 1H‐NMR, and 13C‐NMR spectroscopic techniques. Thermal properties of the polymers were also studied by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The copolymer compositions were determined by elemental analysis. The monomer reactivity ratios were calculated by the Fineman‐Ross and Kelen‐Tudos method. Also, the apparent thermal decomposition activation energies were calculated by the Ozawa method with a Shimadzu TGA 50 thermogravimetric analysis thermobalance. more...
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-based co-polymeric hydrogels for transdermal delivery of salbutamol sulphate
- Author
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Geeta Singh Suhag, Aseem Bhatnagar, and Harpal Singh
- Subjects
Drug Carriers ,Materials science ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Biocompatible Materials ,Hydrogels ,Bioengineering ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Adrenergic beta-Agonists ,Salbutamol Sulphate ,Administration, Cutaneous ,Methacrylate ,Biomaterials ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Methacrylic acid ,chemistry ,Materials Testing ,Polymer chemistry ,Self-healing hydrogels ,Animals ,Albuterol ,Rabbits ,Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate ,Transdermal - Abstract
Various co-polymeric hydrogels for transdermal delivery of salbutamol sulphate were synthesized using 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), methacrylic acid (MAA) and N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]methacrylamide (DMAPMA) in the presence of ammonium persulphate (APS) and N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) as redox free radical initiator and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross-linker. The synthesized co-polymeric hydrogels were characterized using FT-IR spectral studies and swelling studies. It was observed that percentage swelling of co-polymeric hydrogel increased with the increasing concentration of DMAPMA and methacrylic acid. Salbutamol sulphate, a well-known vasodilator, was labeled with (99m)Tc(technetium) and loaded on circular discs of various hydrogels. In vitro permeation of radiolabelled salbutamol sulphate was carried out using a Franz diffusion cell in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) as dissolution medium through mice skin. It was observed that drug release from the co-polymeric hydrogel carriers increased on increasing the amount of DMAPMA in the polymeric carriers, while it decreased on increasing the amount of MAA content. The local toxicity studies of DMAPMA-containing hydrogel patches were carried out in rabbits. Drug-loaded patches applied on rabbit skin showed no toxicity, even after 1 week of studies. more...
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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45. Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐b‐polyisobutylene‐b‐poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Triblock Copolymers
- Author
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Amol Chandekar, James E. Whitten, Rudolf Faust, and Dingsong Feng
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Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Dimethylzinc ,Cationic polymerization ,General Chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Methacrylate ,Poly(methyl methacrylate) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Anionic addition polymerization ,chemistry ,Polymerization ,visual_art ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Copolymer ,visual_art.visual_art_medium - Abstract
The synthesis of poly[(methyl methacrylate‐co‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐b‐isobutylene‐b‐(methyl methacrylate‐co‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)] P(MMA‐co‐HEMA)‐b‐PIB‐b‐P(MMA‐co‐HEMA) triblock copolymers with different HEMA/MMA ratios has been accomplished by the combination of living cationic and anionic polymerizations. P(MMA‐co‐HEMA)‐b‐PIB‐b‐P(MMA‐co‐HEMA) triblock copolymers with different compositions were prepared by a synthetic methodology involving the transformation from living cationic to anionic polymerization. First, 1,1‐diphenylethylene end‐functionalized PIB (DPE‐PIB‐DPE) was prepared by the reaction of living difunctional PIB and 1,4‐bis(1‐phenylethenyl)benzene (PDDPE), followed by the methylation of the resulting diphenyl carbenium ion with dimethylzinc (Zn(CH3)2). The DPE ends were quantitatively metalated with n‐butyllithium in tetrahydrofuran, and the resulting macroanion initiated the polymerization of methacrylates yielding triblock copolymers with high blocking efficiency. Microphase sepa... more...
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Studies on Acrylic Emulsion Polymerization Containing Hydrophilic Hydroxyl Monomer in the Presence of Nano‐SiO2Particles
- Author
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Fa‐Ai Zhang and Cai‐Li Yu
- Subjects
Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Butyl acrylate ,Emulsion polymerization ,General Chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Polymer chemistry ,Emulsion ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Particle ,Particle size ,Methyl methacrylate ,Acrylic acid - Abstract
Emulsion polymerization with nano‐scale SiO2 particles as seeds composed of methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and acrylic acid (AA) was studied from varying reaction temperatures, level of SiO2 particle, HEMA, and emulsifier. The morphology of the emulsion particle was examined with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed that the addition of nano‐SiO2 particles decreased the coagulum greatly when its level was lower than 7%. The coagulum also decreased with the increasing of temperature from 65°C to 75°C. The level of HEMA and emulsifier had little influence on the coagulum in the presence of nano‐SiO2. The particle size of the emulsion increased with the increase of level of nano‐SiO2 and HEMA. Part of the emulsion particles connected together due to the existence of HEMA, and yet some of the nano‐SiO2 particles were not covered with polymer. more...
- Published
- 2007
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47. Synthesis, characterization and controlled release characteristics of PEGylated hydrogels for diclofenac sodium
- Author
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M. C. S. Subha, K. S. V. Krishna Rao, M. Sairam, Tejraj M. Aminabhavi, and S.B. Halligudi
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Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,macromolecular substances ,General Chemistry ,Polyethylene glycol ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Spray drying ,Self-healing hydrogels ,Polymer chemistry ,PEG ratio ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,Swelling ,medicine.symptom ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Drug carrier ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
In this study, hydrogels of acrylamide with polyethylene glycol methyl ether (poly(AAmco-PEG)) have been prepared by using acrylamide, maleated PEG (MPEG), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAAm) by redox polymerization in aqueous media. The effect of AAm/MPEG mol ratio, HEMA and MBAAm concentrations on hydrogel swelling has been investigated in water. The co-polymers formed and MPEG were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Swelling of the hydrogel matrices was evaluated gravimetrically. The method adopted was simple and viable to prepare hydrogels of AAm/PEG to encapsulate diclofenac sodium (DS), an anti-inflammatory drug, without the use of tedious routes like emulsification in oil phase, spray drying, etc. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra and scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of the DS-loaded hydrogels have shown the amorphous nature. Microgels of this study were irregular in shape with the average particle size ranging between 157 and 265... more...
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
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48. Gelcasting of alumina ceramic in mixed PVP–HEMA systems
- Author
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Baoqing Zhang, H Miao, Jing Tao Ma, Yi-Bing Cheng, Xuping Lin, and Zhipeng Xie
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Polyvinylpyrrolidone ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Polymer ,Microstructure ,Casting ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,Flexural strength ,chemistry ,Rheology ,Ceramics and Composites ,medicine ,Composite material ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Aqueous gelcasting with a low toxicity monomer system has attracted increasing attention. The present study attempts to enhance the flexural strength of green bodies gelcast from a low toxicity hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) system by introducing an appropriate amount of the water soluble polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The rheological properties and gelling characteristics of PVP–HEMA/Al2O3 suspensions were examined. In addition, the flexural strength and microstructure of the gelcast green and sintered bodies are discussed. more...
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
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49. Cysteinylhexapeptide Attached Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Beads for Cd(II) Removal from Human Plasma in a Packed-Bed Column
- Author
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Cigˇdem Arpa, Ömer Genç, Sema Bektaş, Adil Denizli, and Handan Yavuz
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Packed bed ,Cadmium ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,General Chemical Engineering ,Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Filtration and Separation ,General Chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Human plasma ,Polymer chemistry ,Chemical stability - Abstract
Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) beads (in the size range of 150–200 μm) with good mechanical properties were prepared and crosslinked with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) to increase their chemical stability. Because of their hydroxyl groups, they can serve as affinity adsorbent and can be employed for medical applications. Cibacron Blue F3GA was succesfully immobilized onto the beads. The maximum dye attachment was 16.5 μmol/g. Then, metallopeptide-ligand cysteinylhexapeptide (CysHP) was incorporated onto these beads and they were used for removal of cadmium ions [Cd(II)] from human plasma in a packed-bed column. The maximum amount of CysHP attached was 3.2 mg/g. Non specific Cd(II) adsorption from human plasma on the PHEMA beads was 0.32 mg/g. The adsorption capacity of the beads decreased from 11.8 to 3.7 mg/g with the raise of the flow-rate from 1.0 to 5.0 ml/min. It has been found that the CysHP loading has a great effect on the capacity of beads for adsorbing Cd(II) ions from human pl... more...
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Thermotropic Networks Based on Poly(Methyl Vinyl Ether)
- Author
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Laura Jonckheere, Wouter Reyntjens, and Eric J. Goethals
- Subjects
Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Butyl acrylate ,General Chemistry ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,Methyl vinyl ether ,Thermotropic crystal ,Lower critical solution temperature ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,chemistry ,Polymer chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Copolymer ,Prepolymer - Abstract
Segmented polymer networks consisting of poly(methyl vinyl ether) (PMVE) and a second polymer were synthesized by copolymerization of PMVE-α,ω-bis-methacrylate with a hydrophilic vinyl monomer (hydroxyethyl methacrylate, HEMA) or a hydrophobic vinyl monomer (styrene, St or butyl acrylate, BA). Such networks, swollen to equilibrium in water, show thermotropic properties in the case of the PMVE-PSt and PMVE-PBA systems due to the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) properties of the PMVE segments. The PMVE-PHEMA networks showed an inverse thermotropic behavior, i.e., the swollen networks are turbid at lower temperature and become transparent at higher temperature. The PMVE-PSt networks containing a small fraction of PSt are the best materials for thermotropic properties because the swelling is limited to a few percent which results in materials free of cracks after repeated heating–cooling (with corresponding de-swelling–swelling) processes. more...
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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