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This paper analysed a total of 76 fish individuals collected at four different localities in Republic of Macedonia. The following were encompassed: River Strumica, River Vardar and two natural lakes-Ohrid Lake and Prespa Lake. The samples affiliated with the four previously mentioned barbel species on the territory of Republic of Macedonia: Barbus cyclolepis Kar., Barbus prespensis Kar., Barbus macedonicus Kar. and Barbus peloponnesius Val. The molecular RAPD method was used for investigation of the population structure of the Barbus genus. A total of ten oligonucleotide primers was used to obtain various RAPD profiles in different species. The established genetic markers allow an opportunity for exact identification of the species and populations of barbel and for detection of interspecies hybrids.

In the paper 25 samples of Barbus cyclolepis group from River Strumica, (Macedonia), 18 samples from river Marica and 2 samples from reservoir Dospat, (Bulgaria), and 5 samples from River Pinios (Greece) were investigated. General muscle proteins (miogens, sarcoplasmic proteins) and six enzymes (AAT, EST, MDH, LDH, ME, SOD) were electrophoreticaly analyzed. Based on protein starch-gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing (IEF) on thin polyacrilamide ampholine gel, intraspecies difereneses among populations of Barbus cyclolepis group from investigated localities were detected.