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This study is devoted to establish the relationship between high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) and hardness from crystallography and provide reference for improving the hardenability of high stren...

For biomedical applications of numerical electromagnetics, the basic Mie theory is extended to the scenario where the spherical scatter and the surrounding medium are given electromagnetic properties of biological tissues. The numerical approach and the analytical approach to solve the six partial differential equations of the extended Mie theory are formulized in detail. Using two representative models, we validate the numerical and analytical solutions against the result from the standard finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method and theoretical data. Both solutions are compared with respect to the accuracy and efficiency. The analytical solution provides more accurate results whereas the numerical solution is considerably more efficient. Therefore, the summarized analytical and numerical formulas of the extended Mie theory are both at choice for applications to numerical bioelectromagnetics.

A numerical dosimetry is performed for experiments studying effects on cornea cells cultured in Petri dishes exposed to 50 GHz millimeter wave (MMW). An algorithm is developed to calculate the incident field from a six-degree-freedom MMW radiator, with respect to its specified position and orientation. With the algorithm, the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method simulated the interaction between the incident MMW and the Petri dishes. The specific absorption rate (SAR) in cells and the homogeneity of the SAR distribution are calculated and analyzed for dosimetric assessment in related MMW experiments on cells in vitro.

SUMMARY This paper describes a computational procedure for the optimization of the performance parameters of a simulated annular combustor. This method has been applied to analyze the influence of the performance parameters and geometries on the annular combustor characteristics and provide a good understanding of combustor internal flow fields, and therefore it can be used for guiding the combustor design process. The approach is based on the solution of governing nonlinear, elliptic partial differential equations for 3-D axisymmetric recirculating turbulent reacting swirling flows and the modelling of turbulence, combustion, thermal radiation and pollutant formation. The turbulence effects are introduced via the modified two-equation κ-e model. Turbulent combustion is modelled using the κ-e-g model and a two-step turbulent combustion model is employed for the excess emission of carbon monoxide CO. For the evaluation of the NO pollutant formation rate, the NO pollutant formation model, which takes into a...