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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) increases the risk of complications from respiratory viruses, including influenza. Moreover, respiratory viruses may increase the risk of CV events. Antiviral medication may reduce healthcare resource utilization (HRU), but more data is needed in CVD populations to explore relationships between influenza antiviral treatment, CVD-related complications, HRU, and costs.This retrospective claims analysis examined data extracted from IBM MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare Supplemental and Coordination of Benefits databases during three influenza seasons: 2016-2017, 2017-2018, or 2018-2019. Propensity score matching was used to compare HRU outcomes and costs among CVD patients treated with influenza antivirals and untreated patients.Across all influenza seasons, patients with CVD and influenza who received antiviral treatment had fewer all-cause emergency department (ED) visits (CVD patients who contract influenza and take antiviral medication have fewer short- and long-term influenza-related complications and less overall HRU compared with CVD patients who were not prescribed antiviral treatments. Antiviral treatment may be an important tool in reducing complications in CVD patients with influenza.People with heart disease are more likely to have complications from respiratory viruses, including influenza (flu). Moreover, respiratory viruses may increase the risk of damage to the heart muscle. We examined whether patients with heart disease who get the flu and take prescription medications called antiviral drugs have fewer short- and long-term flu-related complications and use fewer healthcare services than patients with heart disease who do not take antiviral drugs.We examined commercial and Medicare databases during three influenza seasons (2016–2017, 2017–2018, and 2018–2019), and we compared outcomes and costs among heart disease patients who were treated or not treated with antiviral drugs. Patients with heart disease and the flu who received antiviral drugs had fewer visits to the emergency room, used fewer healthcare services for respiratory-related problems, used fewer heart disease-related healthcare services, and had fewer heart failure-related or kidney failure-related healthcare visits than heart disease patients who were not treated for the flu. Finally, patients with heart disease who were treated with antiviral drugs spent less money on outpatient services than patients with heart disease who were not treated with antiviral drugs.We determined that patients who get the flu and take antiviral drugs have fewer short- and long-term flu-related complications and use fewer healthcare services than heart disease patients who do not receive antiviral drugs. Therefore, it may be important to treat heart disease patients with antiviral drugs in order to reduce the number of flu-related complications in these patients.

In recent years the delivery of practical laboratories classes has been subjected to debate, with regards to pedagogical efficiency. Our aim was to develop a pre-laboratory online learning resource...

Heritage is important for the social and cultural health of communities, whilst local stewardship of cultural heritage has the capacity to empower and recover cultural identity. This paper describes a recent project in Lakhnu – a small rural village in Uttar Pradesh, India – to restore a nineteenth century villa formerly used as the village school as an educational facility. In this discussion, we draw attention to the right of groups to manage their culture. The loss of cultural heritage is linked to a loss of identity. We argue that heritage projects have the capacity to empower communities to sustain their heritage and identity and provide useful places for social and material advancement through the concept of a shared ‘symbolic estate’. At Lakhnu, we plan to evoke grass-root conservation where local communities become the rightful stakeholders and decision-makers who are encouraged and facilitated in the realisation of their right to cultural heritage and to stimulate growth and build capacity for th...

Built in 1929, the Western Australian State War Memorial was not the grand structure that many wanted, and its construction was hindered by the resounding failure of two appeals for funds from an a...

In common with other western countries, there is resurgence in war commemoration in Australia indicating a serious pursuit of identity and a national story on a collective and personal level. A widespread academic and popular interest in war memory and material culture such as war memorials has emerged. War memorials often find their way on to heritage registers. This paper advances cultural biography as an approach to determine the significance of war memorials arguing that this may give a deeper understanding of its community meaning than present methods. Emerging in archaeology cultural biography considers the way that social interactions between people and objects over time create meaning. Using the Katanning war memorial statue in Western Australia as a case study, this paper argues that a cultural biographical approach may uncover a deeper cultural significance resulting from a focus on relationships than from the traditional focus on the memorial as object.

The sinking of Australian cruiser HMAS Sydney II in a mutually destructive battle with the German HSK Kormoran off the Western Australian coast in November 1941 was a national tragedy amplified by the failure to find the wrecked cruiser until 2008. Uncertainty over the ship’s fate and its crew led to a frenzy of speculation. Parallel to this public interest was the will to commemorate the missing sailors somewhere along the coastline opposite the battle site. And so the HMAS Sydney II Memorial in Geraldton, a highly symbolic and emotive memory landscape, was built. This paper explores this memorial as a memorial landscape to ‘the missing’—a special category of military death—and examines how this landscape offers closure to the trauma of survivors and subsequent generations by providing a narrative landscape that attempts to heal distress caused by an absent body.

This paper proposes an alternative way of evaluating heritage values in the assessment of an abandoned school building in Lakhnu, a small rural Indian village in the state of Uttar Pradesh. Its aim is to re-think the appropriateness of professionally assessed methodologies, such as the Australian ICOMOS Burra Charter, and find others which are more inclusive and sensitive of community views and aspirations. Villagers claim this building as a key part to their cultural heritage, and view its desertion and disintegration with frustration. As part of a larger scheme to improve village infrastructure and to enable its empowerment, the aim is to assess the significance of this place to the villagers, facilitate its conservation and investigate possible outcomes for its use through community participation. In this context, the concept of narrative is offered as means to establish the community meaning of a place. Narratives are powerful ways in which people understand their environment and structure a view of t...

Albany in Western Australia lays claim to special commemorative status as the last Australian place of anchor for the fleet that carried Australian and New Zealand troops to Egypt and eventually the slopes of Gallipoli in 1915. Recently, this claim has been given credibility by the National Commission on the Commemoration of the Anzac Centenary in Australia, a federal body set up to guide the Anzac centenary celebrations beginning in 2014. Albany’s aim is to mark out spaces of pilgrimage and ritual and to place itself at the ‘beginning’ of the Anzac narrative and tourist-pilgrim journeys to Gallipoli. Through an exploration of the sacralisation of the Albany landscape, this paper shows how Albany is pursuing its share of the Anzac mythology and concluding that leaving the shores of Albany may be as commemoratively important to the story of Anzac as arriving on the shores of Gallipoli.

Like other countries of the British Empire, war commemoration and war memorial building pervaded Australia after the Great War. Anxious to remember war dead Australian cities and towns chose to erect masonry monuments or buildings to remember those of the district who had died or served. Alternatives existed in the form a tree-lined avenue with each tree representing a soldier or sometimes a nurse. This activity was reinforced by the established tradition of ceremonial tree planting on Arbor Day. More popular in Australia than other Empire countries, honour avenues to honour and represent fallen soldiers offered a fresh direction in the formation of the Australian landscape and an alternative commemorative form. Focusing on avenues of honour and groves in Western Australia established after both World Wars this paper examines their meaning in terms of their place in the landscape and their special significance to the communities that planted them.

Through the 1990s and into the new millennium, Australian children's literature responded to a conservative turn epitomised by the Howard government and to new world order imperatives of democracy, the market economy, globalisation, and the IT revolution. These responses are evidenced in the ways that children's fiction speaks to the problematics of representation and cultural identity and to possible outcomes of devastating historical and recent catastrophes. Consequently, Australian children's fiction in recent years has been marked by a dystopian turn. Through an examination of a selection of Australian children's fiction published between 1995 and 2003, this paper interrogates the ways in which hope and warning are reworked in narratives that address notions of memory and forgetting, place and belonging. We argue that these tales serve cautionary purposes, opening the way for social critique, and that they incorporate utopian traces of a transformed vision for a future Australia. The focus te...

(2003). The Architecture of Discipline—The Perth Drill Hall. Fabrications: Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 63-77.

The desire for healthy buildings and inhabitants in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century was of prime concern for hygienists, sanitary engineers, architects and regulatory officials alike. To protect inhabitants a range of “technological and operational strategies were employed to prevent the air in rooms becoming foul and contaminated. At the root of this concern and resulting technology were particular concepts and theories regarding the mechanisms by which disease spread. Foul air, whether from dangerous decomposing organic matter or from the fetid breath of ordinary individuals needed dilution and deodorisation—best managed with good ventilation. Using the situation in late nineteenth century Britain and its colony in Western Australia as a case study this paper explores the way that ventilation technology at its simplest level was informed by concepts of health and disease.

Karalee Rock is a location deep in the Western Australian bush between Southern Cross and Coolgardie. It is a natural landscape that has been scarred by water engineering and industrial use and is a well used local recreation area and tourist destination. Karalee offers a contained setting in which to discuss the role of identity in the processes of place formation and the importance of recognising and understanding places in the redevelopment of urban environments.

This paper explores the ‘place’ of Glenhourne farmhouse in the southwest of Western Australia as a construct of memory, myth and story. Framing this is a discussion of the role that memory and myth has in the anchorage of our present society and Glenhourne as a heritage place.

A study was made of the effect of 9.8 krads of /sup 60/Co gamma radiation on double helix formation in solutions of polySTAd(A-- T)!, a synthetic nucleic acid copolymer with aiternating deoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate and thymidine 5'-phosphate residues. The rate of double-helix formation was measured by monitoring the hypochromicity change at 260 nm. A more than 3-fold decrease was recorded in the reaction rate constant of the fastest first-order process as a result of irradiation. There appeared to be no significant difference in the rate constant of the fast process, whether the polySTAd(A- T)! was irradiated in the helix or in the random-coil conformation. (UK)