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The Media Richness Theory (MRT) is an important framework that has been used to explain how teachers and/or parents may use media to communicate with each other. Choosing an inappropriate medium ma...

The purposes of this study were to examine (1) the strength of the criterion validity evidence of various consumer-oriented wearable physical activity trackers, (2) the influence of brands of consumer-oriented wearable physical activity on validity evidence and (3) factors that may contribute to differences in the strength of the criterion validity evidence. A total of 589 articles were identified through four databases. Pairs of researchers reviewed the articles to determine eligibility. A total of 29 studies with 96 validity coefficients were included in the meta-analysis. Five different moderators, including the brands of physical activity trackers, placement of devices, type of activities (ambulatory vs. lifestyle activities), population, and release year, were analysed to examine which factors impact the validity evidence. The summarised validity coefficient between activity trackers and energy expenditure ranged from r = .41 to r = .91. Moderator analyses revealed that the brand, placement of the device, and population significantly impact the magnitude of the validity evidence, while the type of activity and release year of the devices do not. Device brand, population, andplacement are each factor that significantly affects the validity coefficientsbetween consumer-oriented wearable physical activity trackers. Efforts should be made to improve the accuracy of these devices to maintain the credibility of the research and the trust of consumers.

Despite the large body of literature and advocacy for evidence-based behavior management practices when working with children, explicit steps and strategies for implementing such practices are less...

The purposes of this study were to examine the effect of service learning on changes in college student attitudes toward disability and identify potential factors to improve the quality of service learning using meta-analysis.A total of 1984 potential studies were identified through 6 different databases and 14 studies met the necessary criteria for quantitative analysis. Effect sizes were estimated as Hedges'The overall effect size was positive but small (The present analysis suggests that different service-learning programs have different effects, and factors like requirement status and type of involvement may lead to greater changes in attitudes toward disability.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONAdapted physical activity service learning has positive, yet small, effects on college student attitudes toward disability.Service-learning practitioners should aim to increase autonomy within service learning by providing multiple choices and opportunities to college students, such as a variety of practicum types, locations, and disability populations to choose from.Service-learning practitioners should encourage the development of common goals between college students and people with disabilities and integrate shared activities that are familiar to both groups in order to promote optimal contact conditions and enhance attitude change.Programs that intend to change attitudes toward people with disabilities should incorporate strategies specifically designed to target attitude change.

Assessment is the foundation of providing appropriate services and developing effective lesson plans for physical education. If assessment results do not truly represent a child's ability level, th...