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One major problem with research conducted on sportsmanship is the absence of an accepted definition. The purpose of this study was to attempt to derive a definition of sportsmanship by applying premises from social psychological theories and research. A major assumption of this perspective is that sportsmanship meanings and labels attached to given behaviors are learned through interpersonal interactions with various sport participants and that eventually a consensual agreement develops regarding the nature of sportsmanship. It thus follows that a meaningful definition of sportsmanship should be obtained through the athletes themselves. In this study, 1056 male and female athletes completed a questionnaire which contained various items pertaining to sportsmanship. Results from a factor analysis revealed the presence of 5 factors corresponding to the respect and concern for: a) one's full commitment toward sport participation, b) the rules and officials. c) social conventions, d) the opponent, as ...

Resume Cet article presente les resultats de trois etudes qui avaient pour but de construire et de valider un nouvel instrument mesurant la motivation vis-a-vis des loisirs. Cet instrument, l'Echelle de Motivation vis-a-vis des Loisirs (EML), s'inspire de la theorie de l'autodetermination (Deci & Ryan, 1985). L'EML comprend 7 sous-echelles mesurant trois types de motivation intrinseque (MI; MI a la connaissance, MI a l'accomplissement et MI a la stimulation), trois types de motivation extrinseque (ME; ME par regularisation externe, ME par regularisation introjectee et ME par regularisation identifiee) et l'amotivation. Dans l'ensemble, les resultats des trois etudes revelent que les sous-echelles de l'EML possedent un niveau de coherence interne satisfaisant ainsi qu'une stabilite temporelle elevee. Les resultats d'analyses factorielles exploratoire et confirmative (LISREL VII) confirment la pertinence d'une structure a 7 facteurs pour l'EML. Finalement, la validite de construit de l'EML est soutenue par ...

Recent research has shown that individuals high in private self-consciousness generally make more self-attributions following hypothetical outcomes than those low in private self-consciousness. The purpose of this study was to replicate and extend past research in assessing the attributional responses of such individuals in real outcome and no-outcome conditions. French-Canadian female college students (N = 62) performed an achievement task and were then informed that they had done well (success outcome) or were not informed at all (no outcome). The subjects then rated the perceived causal dimensions of the attributed cause of the outcome. Results of an ANOVA revealed the presence of an interaction. Subjects high in private self-consciousness who had been informed that they had done well (success outcome) made more internal, stable, and controllable attributions than subjects low in private self-consciousness. Subjects low in private self-consciousness tended to make more internal, stable, and co...