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Experimentally, two-stage oxidation of spent low-level radioactive resin was found by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). About 24% of the spent resins was oxidized at 600 to 900 K. Online Fourier t...

In Taiwan, over 800 thousand tons per year (TPY) of biowastes such as sugar cane bagasse, sugar cane leaf, rice straw, and corn leaf are produced. These biomasses are the major wastes of farms and are abundantly available. However, these biowastes cause disposal and landfill problems. The main component of these biowaste ashes is SiO 2 . High crystallinity (99% + ) zeolites ZSM-5 and ZSM-48 synthesized from the reaction mixtures containing an amorphous silica source from ashes of these biowastes' gasification were investigated. The Sι/Al ratios of synthetic zeolite products were determined by atomic adsorption, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and induced couple plasma/mass spectroscopies (ICP/MS). X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEWEDX) data indicate ZSM-5 or ZSM-48 with a high crystallinity can be obtained at a 48 h crystallization time in a high pressure (15 atm) autoclave at 433 K.

Experimentally incorporated Zr or Ti into the framework of MCM-41 could enhance the photocatalytic decomposition of H 2 O to H 2 . The hydrogen yield, for instance, on Zr-MCM-41 was about 7 mmol H 2 /hr-gZrO 2 . The enhancement of Zr-MCM-41 was over 80 times if compared to the bulk ZrO 2 . The Ti-MCM-41 also possessed an enhancement of about 17 times for the H 2 vield (over TiO 2 ).