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Background Support for memory difficulties remains a significant unmet need for survivors of stroke. Memory skills group training of compensatory strategies can be effective for improving everyday memory function. However, access to these services remains limited. Objectives We aimed to evaluate the fidelity, acceptability, and effectiveness of implementing an evidence-based memory group in real-world clinical settings, to establish a potentially scalable implementation model. Methods The program was facilitated at one acute and one community-based rehabilitation health service. Three clinical neuropsychologists received comprehensive training in facilitating the program. Implementation followed the Knowledge to Action framework, and implementation outcome measures included fidelity monitoring of adherence and competence, as well as clinician and participant reports of acceptability. The clinical effectiveness outcome was attainment of memory-specific goals using Goal Attainment Scaling at post-intervention and six-week follow-up. Results The training process resulted in full adherence to the program content and demonstration of all essential clinical competencies. The program was acceptable and enjoyable for the clinicians and participants (n= 19, 63% male, 73% ischemic stroke). Participants demonstrated high levels of goal attainment (>80% at follow-up), comparable in magnitude to previous controlled trials. Conclusions The stroke memory skills program has the potential to be implemented successfully in real-world clinical settings using the Knowledge to Action framework, incorporating comprehensive clinician training.

Distributional injustices have been documented by many environmental justice scholars in recent years, while procedural justice issues remain less explored. For instance, immigrants and newcomers d...

Purpose: This paper explores the intersections between community development and youth development in an initiative that mobilized farmers’ children as Rice Crop Manager (RCM) infomediaries (information mediators). RCM is an ICT-enabled nutrient management application. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study engaged 30 farmers’ children in high school level from the provinces of Pangasinan, Isabela, Camarines Sur, Iloilo, Bukidnon, and Davao del Norte from November 2016 to October 2017. They interacted with the research team (the authors) and the RCM-SMS platform that sends text messages regarding fertilizer recommendations. A staff member from the Agricultural Training Institute (ATI) also called the students for some follow-up questions. The research team conducted three rounds of interviews with the students concerning the messages and calls that they received and what they did with the information. Findings: This study finds that farmers’ children can perform infomediary roles quite effectively. Academically excellent children and those involved in farm work performed best. Practical Implications: The study provides guidance on similar initiatives tapping young people in agricultural development. Theoretical Implications: This paper finds that while Community Youth Development (CYD) Theory provides a powerful lens in understanding community and youth development intersections, some identified outcomes may overlap and may not be very easy to observe. Hence, the identified outcomes may be revisited for clarity and to make them more all-encompassing. Originality/Value: The paper documents actual parent-child interaction when the latter is mobilized to serve as an infomediary to access nutrient management-related information on rice.

This article explores the geographies of education at the National Museum of Canada in the first half of the twentieth century. Through an analysis of the spatialization of children’s museum educat...

In this article, we examine depictions of race, nature, and childhood in Harlan Ingersoll Smith's early ethnographic films at the National Museum of Canada. Created in the 1920s for a children's education programme, Smith's films construct ethnographic portraits of different Indigenous peoples in Western Canada. We demonstrate how museum education appropriated Indigeneity as a discursive resource to immerse viewing children in particular narratives of Canadian national heritage and development. The films worked through a complex double movement, bringing children in the Ottawa museum audience into association with Indigenous children based on shared experience as children while simultaneously differentiating Indigenous peoples as Other. The films inculcated white youth at the museum in a romanticized connection to Canada's prehistory through knowledge of the nation's Indigenous peoples as well as nature. In the films, the position of Indigeneity within the future remained ambiguous (traditional practices sometimes disappearing, sometimes enduring). Yet, despite Smith's uncertainty about colonial beliefs in the disappearance of Indigeneity, his films nonetheless presented the teleological development of the settler nation as certain. Our article highlights how thinking about children, as audience for and thematic focus of these films, extends discussions of the geographies of film, of children, and of settler colonial nationalism.

We report the synthesis, characterization and cellulose dissolution properties of a series of ionic liquids bearing alkyl and hydroxyl-functionalized imidazolium and pyrrolidinium cations, and dial...

A new methodology to study the precipitation crystallography of dispersoids in an Al matrix is proposed. By combining high angle annular dark field tomography and electron diffraction studies, the three-dimensional morphology, orientation relationship (OR) with Al matrix and habit planes of the dispersoids can be achieved simultaneously. This approach has been applied to investigate the -Al(Mn,Fe)Si dispersoids precipitated in an AA3xxx alloy. Most dispersoids have a plate-shaped morphology after low-temperature homogenization at 450C. The largest proportion of the dispersoids follows the previously described OR with the Al matrix . Two plate-shaped dispersoids have been studied in detail. The dispersoid following the commonly observed orientation had habit planes . The dispersoid not following the commonly observed OR had habit planes , with (OR) , .

Ionic liquids are organic salts that have melting points below 100 °C and they may serve as environmentally friendlier alternatives to the toxic and/or corrosive chemicals usually used to p...

Constituent and dispersoid phases in two Direct Chill-cast 3xxx aluminum alloys after low-temperature annealing, with different silicon content have been studied. The lattice parameters, chemical composition, morphology and orientations relationships of constituent particles with regard to Al matrix have been addressed. Al(Fe,Mn) is found to be the most prominent constituent phase in the alloy with a low Si content. The orientation relationship between aluminum matrix and this phase is determined as , , which is consistent with the orientation relationships of Al(Fe,Mn) dispersoids. –Al(Fe,Mn)Si constituent particles in the Si rich alloy have been found to have various possible orientations. A gradient of Fe content is found in the –Al(Fe,Mn)Si dispersoids due to slow diffusion of Fe into dispersoids during annealing.

This article examines how a regime of knowledge was enacted on the bodies of children in Toronto playgrounds at the turn of the twentieth century. Using Foucault's description of biopower, or the ‘power over life’, I explore how performances of the body (visibilities) were integral in creating citizens in a colonial context (identities). I conduct a detailed reading of one part of Foucault's ‘great bipolar technology’, the biopolitical regulation of children as part of a population in order to highlight the importance of playground discourses and applications in the construction of subjects and a future nation.

The emergence of a significant transnational community of immigrants from Hong Kong to Canada, and their Canadian-born children, during the 1990s can be understood through the experience of the affect of place, which gives meaning to the emotional experiences of community members. In contrast to theories that treat affect as a preconscious attribute, we treat affect as an emergent, socially constructed, and contextual capacity for individual emotional experiences in place. Affect is a discursive product of, and is produced by, the experiences of people situated in place. The affects of suburban residential communities of concentrated Hong Kong immigrants and their children in Vancouver and Toronto are expressed through a narrative of a ‘natural’ and wholesome Canadian lifestyle that is situated in spacious suburban houses that contain close-knit family relations. For these participants, the wholesome suburban lifestyle contrasts with the unwholesome, and unnatural, urban lifestyle of Hong Kong.

This article reports on learning experiences from the INNOTOUR project that aims to raise the quality of tourism education by use of Web 2.0 technology, new pedagogy, and values-based education. The article describes the main areas of the INNOTOUR platform, associated teacher training, and examples of course implementation. A discussion on key challenges sets into perspective handling of formal requirements, which incorporation of Web 2.0 tools and learning poses to participants, and alignment of curricula and exam forms to reflect new teaching methods and the Web 2.0 philosophy. In conclusion, reflections are provided on Web 2.0, the forming of identity and contestation of current university practice.

Partial Least Squares regression (PLS) was used to understand the relationship between 15 sensory attributes of potatoes boiled in their skins as dependent variables (Y), and six objective (chemical and physical) measurements as the independent variables (X). The ARC-Sensory Analysis Unit, at Irene, South Africa, conducted the study. A trained sensory panel (n=10) was used to determine the texture, aroma and flavour attributes of five potato cultivars; Mondial, BP1, Up-to-Date, Van der Plank and Caren. Four repetitions of each sample were used. The PLS regression formed three distinct groups of the cultivars: (1) Mondial, (2) BP1 and Van der Plank, which contrasted with (3) Caren and Up-to-Date. These groupings were confirmed by the culinary uses of the cultivars and their ability to retain shape after boiling. Mondial is favoured for making potato salad or boiling as it retains its shape during cooking. BP1 and Van der Plank are suitable for most uses of boiled potatoes as they retain their shape, whereas Caren and Up-to-Date do not retain their shape during cooking and are suitable for baking and frying.

A summary of all existing information gathered since 1980 on contaminants in bairdiella (Bairdiella icistia), orangemouth corvina (Cynoscion xanthulus), and sargo (Anisotremus davidsonii) living in the Salton Sea is presented. Comparisons are made with an earlier analysis of contaminants in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus x O. urolepis hornorum hybrid). Risks are assessed for humans and piscivorous birds consuming these fish and for the health of the fish populations themselves. Of the 17 trace elements, 42 organic pesticides and 48 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) sampled in whole-body and fillet samples of fish collected from the Salton Sea, only arsenic (As), selenium (Se), total DDT (tDDT), and total PCBs (tPCBs) were determined to be of potential concern for the health of human consumers. Recent average concentrations of total As in fillet tissue are 1.3 μg g−1 wet weight (ww) for bairdiella and 1.2 μg g−1 ww for corvina and tilapia, respectively, with the inorganic As fraction representing...

The Salton Sea is the largest lake in California, and its most abundant macroinvertebrate is the pileworm (Neanthes succinea: Polychaeta). This is a major dietary item for three of the four most abundant fish species in the lake, and for at least one waterbird, the eared grebe (Podiceps nigricollis). Pileworm abundance in April 2004 was monitored at depths of 2, 6 and 10 m on seven transects distributed around the perimeter of the lake. Temperature and oxygen showed marked stratification with depth. Densities were compared to those observed in April 1999. Abundances at 2 m stations were similar to those in 1999; however, densities were greatly reduced at 6 and 10 m stations compared to 1999. The development of hypoxic or anoxic bottom conditions apparently occurred earlier in the spring in 2004 than in 1999. This was the most likely cause for the low densities at 6 and 10 m. Worm densities were higher at sites with coarser sediments (sand and/or barnacle shell debris), and lowest at 2 m sites nea...

Multi-environment trials are usually used to assess the grain yield stability of genotypes. Most of the common stability measures such as Finlay and Wilkinson (1963), Eberhart and Russell (1966) and Shukla (1972), can be accommodated by a linear mixed model where genotypes are a fixed effect and environments are a random effect. The objective of this paper was to examine the stability differences of tef genotypes using the mixed model approach. Yield stability of 13 tef genotypes was studied based on data collected over 12 environments where an environment constitutes a particular location and year combination. The combined analysis of variance from the 12 environments revealed significant differences among genotypes, environments and their interaction effects on the grain yield indicating the differential responses of genotypes to diverse environments. The likelihood ratio tests for Finlay-Wilkinson and Shukla models showed that the stability of tef genotypes was best assessed by an Eberhart-Russell mode...

Work carried out at the ARC-Institute for Soil, Climate and Water on soil phosphorus characteristics was reviewed. Regression functions were established in order to test the correlations between P parameters, single point indices and soil properties. The parameters investigated were selected indices of P sorption, including the Langmuir adsorption maximum (Lm), as well as indices of the P buffer power of the soil, including the slope of each of the Langmuir (Lbp), Freundlich (Fbp) and Temkin (Bt) P sorption isotherms. Other parameters included an index of the P requirement of the soil (P0.11), the phosphorus requirement factor in terms of the Ambic 2 extraction procedure (PRFAmbic2) and an index of the slow reaction of P sorption with soils (dx/dt)24. The results showed that to obtain a measurement of these parameters, cumbersome multiple point procedures could mostly be substituted by single point indices more suited for routine determination purposes. Lm, Lbp, Fbp and Bt could readily be estimated from ...

The phosphorus requirement (P0.11) of low to moderate P-fixing soils from the South African tobacco industry and KwaZulu-Natal was estimated from P sorption isotherms. The relationships between P0.11, Ambic 1 P, clay content and various indices of P sorption were investigated, using non-linear regression analysis. The results showed that a high degree of correlation existed between P0.11 and the Ambic 1 P content. Although this showed the Ambic 1 soil-P extractant to be a useful predictor of P0.11, the functions best describing the relationship between both these variables differed between the two regional groups of soils. The variance in P0.11 accounted for by the Ambic 1 P content was improved when supplementing it in a multiple regression equation with an index of the buffer power of the soils. This was especially true for the soils from KwaZulu-Natal or when the soils from the two different ecological regions were combined into a single group. A single point sorption test (SI) readily determined routi...

The counseling profession is becoming more aware of the importance of racial and cultural issues in counselor education and supervision. However, the majority of the current literature concerning racial and cultural dimensions is limited to cross-cultural counseling and assessment. Cross-racial issues have not been addressed widely within the supervision process. The purpose of this article is to examine the benefits and challenges related to cross-racial supervision, and discuss the significance of integrating racial identity development in the supervision process. A summary of the literature on cross-racial supervision will be presented and a developmental approach to cross-racial supervision between a white supervisor and a supervisee of color will be discussed.

During 2002, the Extended Campus Services Librarian and the Instruction Librarian at East Tennessee State University created tutorials that were compiled on a CD to be distributed to online students. This workshop presents a simple process using PowerPoint to create interactivc HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) -based tutorials, as well as menu and auto-run programming specific to use on a CD. Discussion of the other technologies used for the CD (Dreamweaver for Web editing and customizing open source tutorials from TILT) is included. An overview of the pedagogical theory underlying tutorial design is provided, and the rationale and distribution method for the CD-ROM format is discussed.

A short (24 h) laboratory incubation study was conducted and plots of P desorbed in Ambic 2 extraction solutions versus added P were constructed for a wide range of soils of varying P fixing capacity representative of the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The plots were found to yield straight lines and, using linear regression analysis, equations of best fit describing these desorption functions were established for each soil. A two point test, the Ambic 2 Phosphorus Desorption Index (PDIAmbic2), was found to correlate closely with the slopes of the desorption functions (R2 = 0.943). This result showed the proposed quick two point PDIAmbic2 test to be a reliable index of the slope of the multiple point desorption functions. It established that, although simpler, it could be used advantageously as a time saver to estimate the slopes of the desorption functions routinely. PDIAmbic2 was further shown to correlate significantly to the Ambic 2 Phosphorus Requirement Factor (PRFAmbic2) obtained from a p...

Plots of the decline of the concentration of phosphorus in soil suspensions over time were constructed for 23 selected soils from South Africa and, using non-linear regression analysis, various models were fitted to the time curves, including mechanistic first and second order kinetic functions. The model best describing the data was found to be the empirical modified Freundlich kinetic function. The curvature of the Freundlich kinetic model, b, appeared to be independent of the initial concentration of P of the additional input solution. The parameter b is a useful soil-P kinetics index for the selection of P fertiliser strategies and making P fertiliser recommendations, especially in situations where the fertiliser cannot be incorporated into the plough layer annually as is the case with perennial crops or in no till cropping systems. The measurement of b, however, requires the construction of a multiple point time curve, a lengthy and cumbersome process that does not lend it easily to routine determina...

The phosphorus requirement (P0.11) of low to moderate P-fixing soils from the South African tobacco industry and KwaZulu-Natal was interpolated from multiple point P sorption isotherms. The relationship between P0.11 and a single point sorption measurement, consisting of the P concentration left in solution after equilibrating for 24 h additional rates of either 70 or 100 mg P kg−1 soil, over the soils of the tobacco industry was investigated using non-linear regression analysis. The results showed that a high degree of correlation existed between both variables, suggesting that P0.11 could simply and accurately be predicted from a single P sorption measurement instead of a multiple point sorption isotherm. Confirmation of the predictive value of the functions best fitting the data from the soils of the tobacco industry was validated using data of the soils from KwaZulu-Natal. The results showed that values of P0.11 predicted for the soils of KwaZulu-Natal, using the single point P sorption test in conjun...

Estimates of the phosphorus requirement (P0.11) of 20 selected soils of the South African tobacco industry were interpolated from phosphorus sorption isotherms. The relationships between P0.11 and various soil phosphorus characteristics, including Bray 2 P content and various indices of P-fixation, were investigated using regression analysis. The results showed that P0.11 varied widely and is influenced by both the level of Bray 2 P content and the P-fixation capacity of the soil. Measurements of the P-fixation capacity of the soil included the more formal buffer power indices derived from multiple point P sorption isotherms and both the phosphorus desorption index (PDI) and the sorption point index (SI), each a single point test easily determined routinely. SI was shown to relate closely to the buffer power indices and to be a quick and useful index of the soil P-fixation capacity. PDI, on the other hand, was found to be of limited value to predict the phosphorus fixation of the soils. An equation, allow...

Chat reference is becoming prevalent in academic libraries across the country. This paper details the experience of East Tennessee State University's Sherrod Library when initiating such a service at their institution during the 2001-2002 academic year, which began as a response to the addition of a new online degree program in the state. Software selection, staff training, management issues, and statistical data are presented. Data analyzed includes use patterns, types of questions, and categories of users. The paper details librarians' reactions to providing reference services in this format, including the problems encountered. It also offers suggestions for a more successful implementation.

This paper informally presents the results of a study using a combined survey/interview technique that asked experienced extended, distance and/or distributed library services librarians for their advice to novice librarians in the field. The primary recommendation is to build relationships. Other strategies are offered in the areas of marketing, gathering information, evaluating policies, remaining flexible, keeping up with technology, and using the ACRL (Association of College and Research Libraries) Guidelines for Distance Library Services.

Phosphorous isotherms for 21 selected soils from the Republic of South Africa were constructed and the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin sorption models were compared using regression analysis. Over a range of solution concentrations of 0.025 - 2.00 mg P I−1, all three sorption equations were found to fit the data well (R2 = 0.934 - 0.996). The values of the coefficients of the different equations were more accurately estimated by the Freundlich and Temkin models, whilst the Langmuir model was a slightly better indicator of adsorbed P. A multiple regression analysis between sorption coefficients and selected soil properties showed citrate bicarbonate dithionite-AI to be an important factor in P sorption. Other soil constituents important in P sorption included clay percentage, organic matter, citrate bicarbonate dithionite-Fe and Bray 2 P content. Although useful in identifying soil properties responsible for P sorption, the regression equations were too cumbersome and imprecise to be of any practical use i...

(2000). Facilitating Student Transitions into Middle School. Middle School Journal: Vol. 31, Instruction Comes Alive for Young Adolescents, pp. 47-52.

To define the physiological role of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), it is essential to localize sites of LIF synthesis in vivo. We generated polyclonal antibodies specific for native rat LIF, and developed a two-site immunoassay to detect 10 pg LIF/ml. Using this immunoassay, we determined LIF content of 18 organs, CNS regions, and ganglia throughout postnatal development of rats. High levels of LIF protein (1.0–11.0 ng/g tissue) are present in relatively few tissues: the uterus at late proestrus to estrus and on day 5 of pregnancy, ovary at estrus to early metestrus-1, footpads during early postnatal development and thymus throughout. Intermediate levels (0.5–1.0 ng) are detected in the gut, skin, skeletal muscle, pancreas and lung at one or more postnatal ages. Low levels (0.1–0.5 ng) are observed in most other non-nervous and nervous tissues. LIF protein levels do not completely correspond to reported LIF mRNA levels.

Russian wheat aphid, (Diuraphis noxia) causes severe damage to wheat in South Africa and producers have been forced to use insecticides for control. Plant resistance to Russian wheat aphid has been successfully transferred into bread wheat cultivars. A split plot field trial was undertaken firstly to compare the yield of susceptible wheat to that of a near-isogenic resistant wheat cultivar in combination with insecticide treatments and secondly to determine whether the inclusion of Russian wheat aphid resistance influences the bread- making quality of the cultivar. Resistant wheat yielded higher indicating that the resistance is effective under field conditions. Seed treatment with Imidacloprid increased yield of wheat in both years. Significant two and three-way interactions were found in both years. No negative effects on dough quality characteristics were associated with Russian wheat aphid resistance.

Preharvest sprouting significantly reduces the quality of the South African wheat crop. This study classified the preharvest sprouting resistance of 17 South African winter wheat cultivars sampled over a range of typical winter wheat growth environments. Sampling was performed under field conditions and sprouting responses were evaluated under controlled conditions. Variation in sprouting response between cultivars was predominantly genetically determined and varied from 1.7 to 7.4 on a scale from 1 (no visual sprouting) to 8 (fully sprouted). Canonical variate analysis and AMMI analysis, as well as the use of hierarchical clustering of cultivars over environments using the AMMI estimates, identified four distinct groups ranging from resistant to susceptible. The AMMI model was used as it combines the additive main effects of the analysis of variance with the interaction effects of principal components analysis. In general, Betta, and certain cultivars derived from Betta, showed good to moderate resistanc...

The variation in the processing quality of South African winter wheat cultivars over growth environments is detrimental to its market value. Variation in protein content has previously been identified as a primary contributor to this variation and should therefore be considered in the interpretation of quality data presented during the cultivar release procedure. The aim of the study was to analyse such effects on the interpretation of quality data of advanced wheat lines. Our results indicated a distinctive segregation between entries having higher (≥10%) and lower (

The present study evaluated the hypothesis (Mayeux et al., 1980) that visual confrontation naming deficits may underlie the memory complaint in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Thirty-nine patients with medically refractory left (n = 23) and right (n = 16) TLE were compared with an epilepsy control group with idiopathic primary generalized epilepsy (n = 38). All subjects completed selected subtests of the Multilingual Aphasia Examination and Wechsler Memory Scale (Form 1) together with a measure specifically designed for quantification of the memory complaint in TLE. Objective verbal memory test performance, confrontation naming, repetition, and comprehension were unrelated to memory self-report. Controlled Oral Word Association was the only measure to exert an influence on memory self-ratings, and this relationship was specific to the TLE group. The hypothesis of Mayeux et al. (1980) was not specifically supported, but the present findings do suggest that cognitive processes reflected in orthographically based and internally generated word retrieval play a role in memory self-report.

The inconsistent production of winter wheat with acceptable bread-making quality in the Free State reduces the commercial value of the wheat crop. In the second part of this study, canonical correlation analysis was used to determine to what extent variation of biochemical components in wheat flours was responsible for differences in bread-making quality. In addition, the effects of environmental variables such as climate, crop history and edaphic attributes on yield, rheological and biochemical traits were examined by means of canonical variate analysis. It appeared that climatic factors contributed most to variation in yield and quality characteristics. Favourable conditions during the grain-filling period improved yield and modified storage and monomeric protein ratios. Modifications under stress-related conditions, however, were not sufficient to influence mixing requirement or baking quality.

The attributes of yield and bread-making quality of winter wheats produced in the Free State are subject to environmental effects. The result is a supply to the baking industry of flour of inconsistent quality, which in turn is detrimental to the market value of wheat. Various genetic and environmental factors may affect bread-making quality. In the first part of this study we demonstrated the magnitude of environmental and genetic factors, and used principal-components analysis to examine the underlying source of variability in the bread-making quality of winter wheat cultivars. Yield and protein concentration responded to environmental influences, whereas the dough-mixing requirement was primarily inherently determined. Variation in protein concentration accounted for variation in the mixing requirement of one cultivar and the SDS sedimentation volume of most cultivars.

This comment examines current neuropsychological literature in the field of metamemory. One notion emerging from this literature is that metamemory is mediated by the frontal lobes. We argue that this idea is the result of inadequate conceptual approaches to metamemory and that currently there is no evidence to support the cerebral localization of metamemory.

A suitable technique for the extraction of wheat flour protein fractions was pursued to assess the effect of quantitative protein composition on the bread-making quality of winter wheat cultivars on a large scale. Nine procedures involving the use of different sequential solvent extractions were quantitatively compared. The distribution of protein components in the different solubility classes was checked by means of sodium dodecyl sulphate Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The most effective procedure to fractionate the four major protein groups sequentially was: albumin (water),' globulin (0.5 M NaCI + 0.05 mM Na-EDTA), gliadin [55% (v/v) propan-2-ol] and glutenin [0.0125 M Na2B4O7, 0.043 M NaOH, 0.5% (m/v) SDS, 1% (v/v) β-mercaptoethanol].To validate this procedure, linear correlations between quality parameters and protein extracted for all localities and cultivars were complemented by principal component and best subset regression analysis. Albumin and globulin were weakly correlated with quality a...

Potatoes, Solanum tuberosum (L), are cultivated in South Africa under a variety of different climates and seasons. The wide environmental variation encountered and the confirmed occurrence of genotype-environmental interaction necessitates the use of criteria, other than averages, in the evaluation and selection of new potato cultivars. Yield data from cultivar trials countrywide, were used to evaluate the use of the AMMI model against the existing Finlay-Wilkinson regression technique. The AMMI model was found to be suitable for determining the reaction of cultivars/lines in an environment. The usefulness of the technique improves with a graphical presentation of the results to display the stability of a genotype in different environments.