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The effects of on- and off-campus living arrangements on students’ openness to diversity were examined using data from 502 first-time-college students at a major research university in the Midwest. Results indicated that living on campus was directly associated with significantly higher levels of openness to diversity than was living off campus. Living in a Freshman Interest Group was indirectly related to greater openness to diversity through students’ relationships with their peers. No significant indirect effects were found for living in a traditional residence hall or a sponsored learning community.

This study examined the relationships among first-year students’ employment, engagement, and academic achievement using data from the 2004 National Survey of Student Engagement. A statistically significant negative relationship was found between working more than 20 hours per week and grades, even after controlling for students’ characteristics and levels of engagement. An examination of the indirect relationships between work and grades revealed that working 20 hours or less on campus was significantly and positively related to grades, acting through student engagement.

Students who are the first in their family to attend college are less likely to graduate compared to students with one or both parents who have baccalaureate degrees. However, surprisingly little is known about the college experiences of first-generation students. This study examined the self-reported college experiences of 1,127 first-year students at a variety of four-year colleges and universities. First-generation students tended to be less engaged and gained less from college than their counterparts with college-educated parents did. These differences were primarily due to first-generation students having lower educational aspirations and living off campus.

Issues relating to the bowl phenomenon in unpaced lines have been studied extensively; however, no previous paper has determined optimal bowl configurations of mean processing times for a given line length and buffer capacity under realistic operating conditions. We have discovered bowl-shaped configurations that perform better than perfectly balanced lines for systems of at least 30 workstations in length with interstation buffer capacities of up to one unit. Solid evidence confirms an earlier conjecture that the optimal two-level (i.e. flat-bottomed) allocation of mean processing times performs no worse than the optimal multi-level configuration. Information useful to the industrial engineer has been obtained through an examination of the maximum amount of imbalance that still provides some productivity benefit. It has been found that the amount of imbalance in a line can generally be double the imbalance in a optimal bowl and still perform better than the balanced line. This study also contradicts earl...

The authors examine the effects of belonging to a Greek organization on students’ academic experiences, and conclude that criticisms of Greek organizations as antithetical to college and university...

(1983). Communication and Conflict in Marriage. Annals of the International Communication Association: Vol. 7, Communication Yearbook 7, pp. 414-430.

This article collects together some of the main ideas and experimental results on the twinkling of stars. Statistical methods are used to characterize the features of the scintillation and to investigate the ways in which these depend on the zenith angle of the star, the bandwidth of the light and various other parameters. Some new results are included which demonstrate the advantages of using photon counting methods in experiments on stellar scintillation. Since the twinkling of stars is a consequence of the turbulence in the Earth's atmosphere then measurements can be used to deduce some features of the structure of the turbulence. We discuss some of the experiments designed to do this and report the results.

A critical examination is made of the interpretation of experiments reported by Pfann et al. (1957) in which molten alloy zones were observed to move along the surface of a germanium bar through which a current was passed. It is shown that the influence of the Peltier effect along cannot account for all of their experimental results and an alternative interpretation is proposed in which the motion is ascribed to a combination of the Peltier effect and ionic migration in the molten alloy. A theory is presented which yields an expression for the steady velocity of a thin zone under the influence of a temperature gradient, Peltier, Thomson and ionic migration effects. Certain special cases are considered and a new method of measuring differential ionic mobility is proposed.