Search

Christian Voirol, 1– 3 Marie-France Pelland, 2 Julie Lajeunesse, 2 Jean Pelletier, 2 Rejean Duplain, 4 Josee Dubois, 5 Silvy Lachance, 6 Carole Lambert, 5 Julia Sader, 7 Marie-Claude Audetat 2, 7, 8 1Haute Ecole Arc Santé, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Neuchâtel, Switzerland; 2Département de Médecine Familiale et de Médecine d’urgence, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; 3Département de Psychologie, Faculté des Arts et des Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; 4Academic Support, Campus de l’Université de Montréal en Mauricie, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; 5Département de Radiologie, Radio-Oncologie et Médecine Nucléaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; 6Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; 7Unité de Développement et de Recherche en Éducation Médicale (UDREM), Faculté de Médecine, Université de Genève, Genève, Switzerland; 8Institut Universitaire de Médecine de Famille et de l’Enfance (IuMFE), Faculté de Médecine, Université de Genève, Genève, SwitzerlandCorrespondence: Christian VoirolHE-Arc Santé, HES-SOUniversity of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Espace de l’Europe 11, Neuchâtel, 2000, SuisseTel +41 32 930 2554Fax +41 32 930 1213Email christian.voirol@he-arc.chAbstract: Due to the increasing complexity of medical education and practice, the training of healthcare professionals for leadership and management roles and responsibilities has become increasingly important. But gaps in physician leadership and management skills have been identified across a broad range of organizational and geographic settings. Many clinicians are inadequately prepared to meet their day-to-day clinical leadership responsibilities. Simultaneously, physicians’ leadership and management skills play a central role and yield superior outcomes for patients and health care delivery organizations. Currently, there is a tremendous variability in the amount of time, structure and resources dedicated to leadership/management training for physicians. Physicians who have completed such trainings seem to be pleased with the outcome. However, only a limited number of physicians enroll in these types of trainings. Several reasons can explain this fact, but it seems crucial to investigate what could increase the involvement of medical leaders and managers in these training programs. This paper offers a framework for addressing the barriers to training commitment and for designing initial training interventions for physicians. This framework is rooted in two well-known theoretical models used in social sciences. It aims to promote self-assessed knowledge and expertise amongst physicians about to embrace leader/manager careers. By developing the ability to explore and be curious about one’s own experience and actions, physicians may suddenly open up the possibilities of purposeful learning. The process we describe in this paper may be an essential step in fostering the involvement of physicians in leadership and management training processes. And this is essential to contribute to the advancement of medical discipline.Keywords: insight, self-consciousness, career path, assessment, training commitment, management, physicians, leadership

The success of women-owned businesses with regard to the stages of economic development of countries is under-examined on a global basis. This study explores the relationship between country econom...

This study aimed to reveal the academic leaders’ mastery level in emerging Saudi universities of tacit knowledge management skills, and testing the relationship between mastery levels and achieving...

Management of an institution determines its success or failure. Educational management and administration borrow the characteristics of business model with reference to the operations of higher edu...

Experiential learning is considered important to develop managerial skills. Several archetypes are developed to facilitate learning, and various outcomes of experiential learning have been studied ...

As the nature of hospitality requires employees’ having interpersonal or personal skills, the development of such soft skills has become one of the major topics among hospitality employers. The pur...

African immigrant-entrepreneurs arrive in foreign countries with just their human capital that helps them birth small businesses. Like other small businesses, these have the potential to contribute...

The main aim of this study is to examine the financial performance achieved by pension funds that invest in one of the sectors related to sustainable investment goals such as agribusiness, healthca...

Many have expressed concerns with respect to the development of managerial skills in business graduate programs. Time constraints and limited practice opportunities are, arguably, the key r...

Ongoing Internationalization of Higher Hotel Management Education encourages professional universities to monitor and assess intercultural competence development of students. Moreover, strategic ambitions aimed at educating alumni capable of ‘global thinking’ and ‘hostmanship’ inevitably connect intercultural competence with hostmanship, a currently marginally explored academic concept. Hence, Stenden Hotel Management School needs to address both the measurement and assessment of intercultural competence development as well as the conceptualization of ‘hostmanship’. This article discusses the need to set the research agenda for determining intercultural competence development within the context of educating globally oriented, hospitable hosts.Keywords: intercultural competence development, assessment of intercultural competence development, hostmanship

The purpose of this study was to investigate leadership competencies needed for success in the hotel industry. A web-based questionnaire was sent current hotel managers for the purpose of gaining t...

Recent studies on occupational fields show that different competencies are considered important in different work environments. However, with regard to sport management, there is a lack of knowledg...

Background Many leaders in the field of chronic pain treatment consider interdisciplinary pain management programs to be the most effective treatments available for chronic pain. As programs are instituted and expanded to address demands for nonpharmacological chronic pain interventions, we need to better understand how patients experience program impacts, as well as the challenges and supports patients encounter in trying to maintain and build on intervention gains. Methods We conducted a qualitative evaluation of an interdisciplinary chronic pain coaching program at the Atlanta Veterans Affairs. A purposive sample of Veterans were engaged in interviews (n=41) and focus groups (n=20) to elicit patient outcomes and barriers and facilitators to sustainment of improvements. Transcripts were analyzed using matrix and thematic analyses. Results Veterans reported various outcomes. Most frequently they described adopting new self-care or lifestyle practices for pain management and health. They also often described accepting pain, being better able to adjust and set boundaries, feeling more in control, participating in life, and changing their medication use. A small portion of the sample reported no improvement in their conditions. When outcomes were examined as a whole, individuals described impacts that could be placed along a spectrum from whole life change to no change. Facilitators to maintenance of improvements included having building blocks (eg, carrying forward practices learned), support (eg, access to resources), and energy (eg, motivation), and improving incrementally. Challenges were not having building blocks (eg, life disruptions), support (eg, unknown follow-up options), and energy (eg, competing demands) and having an unbalanced rate of improvement. Conclusion Most Veterans identified experiencing multiple areas of improvement, especially learning about and taking up new pain and general health management skills. Ensuring participants can build on and find support for these outcomes when applying what they have learned in their dynamic social and physical worlds remains a challenge for this program and other relatively short-term interdisciplinary chronic pain interventions.

Salwa Mahmoud Taibah Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Background: Professionalism was recognized as a fundamental competency of medical/dental practice at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Organizations and experts published several definitions of professionalism, but research on patients’ perception of professionalism has been limited. To address this gap in literature, this study explored dental patients’ perception of dental professionalism, and then compared their perception with that of dental professionals. Methods: Of the 800 questionnaires that were distributed to dental patients in public and private clinics and hospitals, 504 were returned and were used in the analysis. A factor analysis was used to generate themes and sub-themes. Independent sample t-tests were performed to compare two independent groups and the ANOVA tests to compare means in more than two independent groups. Results: A factor analysis revealed four factors: excellence and communication skills; humanism, commitment, and service mindedness; competence in practice; and dentists’ duties and management skills. Adherence to sterilization and infection control rules and procedures; personal hygiene and clean professional attire; good communication skills; diagnostic and clinical judgment and provision of the most efficient dental treatment; and ethical decisions and ethical care were ranked as the first five most important elements of dental professionalism from patients’ perspective. Several demographic factors showed significant differences in perception. Conclusion: Patients’ and dentists’ perception of dental professionalism and professional behavior vary in certain aspects. These differences must be addressed to ensure excellence of dental service. Dental professionals must also be aware of the personal factors that affect a patient’s perception of professionalism. Keywords: dental professionalism, dentist behavior, patients’ perception

This study evaluated the use of hotel simulation learning and how it promotes users’ confidence as a decision-making tool. Given the challenges of preparing students for the service industry, it en...

Consequences of the growing maturity of the hospitality industry are increasing levels of competition, complexity, and change in many hospitality markets. This leads to new managerial challenges for hospitality companies, and the future managerial skills needed by managers in the industry reflect these changes. Hence, the question is being raised whether there is an increasing necessity for more advanced management skills and whether the traditional educational profiles and programs in hospitality education in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland have to be realigned. In consequence, there might be a need for a paradigm shift concerning the perception of the overall value of an academic education in hospitality in German-speaking countries. As a result, this article aims to depict the necessity of a joint effort between academia and industry to support the value and the demand for an advanced academic education in the German-speaking hospitality industry.

Nigeria pineapple production remains low when compared to other producing nations. The production output of the crop has been attributed to inefficient use of available inputs. This study focused o...

Pro-Vice-Chancellors (PVCs) form the second-tier leadership of UK higher education institutions. However, their role and position remain under-theorised and under-researched. The present article explores the extent to which a PVC Education role requires core expertise in education or generic managerial skills. Using a mixed-methods approach, we first establish the disciplinary backgrounds of PVCs Education in Russell Group (RG) and post-1992 institutions. Fewer than one in five PVCs Education have a disciplinary background or additional formal training in education. Second, we conducted 24 semi-structured interviews with PVCs Education, Heads of Education Departments and Heads of Learning and Teaching units. These interviews suggest the PVC Education role requires managerial skills, usually acquired in previous headships, as well as academic credibility and knowledge of institutional processes rather than particular expertise in education. In sum, generic managerial skills rather than educational ...

Many business schools are criticized for being ineffective in helping students learn proper management skills and knowledge. Flow theory has been cited as being helpful in many learning environment...

Emergencies and disasters place an exceptional demand on the managerial skills of the humanitarian aid community. Most of the developing countries lack in such kind of resilience and effective huma...

Given the continual rate of change in academic libraries, the increasing accountability in higher education and the call to contribute to learning outcomes, career success, and lifelong learning, leadership that is responsive to the service mission is critical to their success and evolution. However, as has been consistently stated in the literature, there is a leadership vacuum. The pursuit of leadership, as evidenced by job advertisements, is representative of this lack of attention to a service leadership ethic. This study examines library dean and director position descriptions and advertisements from 2011 to 2015 for elements of the service leadership model. Analysis indicates that most leadership posting for academic libraries attend to traditional library experience and management skills, rather than service leadership attributes. Examples of framing positions based on the service leadership model are also provided.

Hypertension is a common cardiovascular risk factor within the Iranian population, and this may be improved through changes in lifestyle. We aimed at improving hypertension outcomes and health literacy skills among hypertensive patients through communication skills training targeting health providers.A randomized controlled trial method was used to enroll 35 health providers and 240 hypertensive patients attending community-based healthcare practices in the Mashhad, Iran. We evaluated the effects of a communication skills intervention for primary care providers compared to usual care controls, on the hypertension outcomes, patient medication adherence, and self-efficacy, assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Bivariate analysis and the regression model were used to assess whether the health provider training improved outcomes.Majority of participating patients were female (77.3%), less than high school education (80.3%), married (82.3%), and low income (82.3%), with mean age of 37 years. Following the educational intervention, there was a significant improvement (p 0.05) in patient communication skills, self-efficacy, adherence to medication, and hypertension outcomes in the intervention compared to the control group.The brief communication skills training for health care providers appear to be an efficient way to improve patient-provider communication skills and hypertension outcome among patients with uncontrolled BP.

Object control (OC) skills are a part of fundamental motor skills and basic functional skills, which work as a prerequisite to becoming a skilled performer in many sports. Of various OC skills, striking is one of the most difficult to master due to a variety of interrelated movement components. A form of vertical or underarm striking is a more advanced level of striking and is a key movement pattern for sports such as golf or field hockey. Children can have opportunities to practice this skill through physical education (PE). Woodball, a target sport, provides effective PE content for elementary students to learn striking. This article focuses on the teaching of woodball and includes its history, rules and equipment. In addition, various tasks are introduced to show how to practice different types of striking skills in woodball and ways to assess skills.

Universities in the EFL context aim to foster graduates who can use English in the workplace. Regardless, university students’ insufficient amount of out-of-class study time is a major issue. This problem may stem from learners’ lack of learning skills, low levels of learning motivation, and high levels of academic procrastination. Self-coaching skills have the potential to tackle this problem. In this study, we introduce how self-coaching skills training can be applied in the EFL classroom while drawing on relevant literature in ELT. Respecting the diverse characteristics of learners, we grouped participants into different trajectories based on levels of intrinsic motivation, self-regulated learning skills, and academic procrastination tendencies at four different data collection points throughout a required 15-week EFL course. Quantitative data revealed five trajectories in which we examined how self-coaching skills training through self-questioning influenced out-of-class study time in two repr...

Behavioral skills training is a frequently utilized strategy for promoting skill proficiency, and is utilized with a wide range of individuals (e.g., children, parents, teachers). Although previous...

The author describes a theoretically eclectic exploratory assignment that helped students in a managerial communication class practice and advance a comprehensive range of leadership skills. Specifically, the author combined E. M. Eisenberg, L. H. Goodall, and A. Tretheway's (2014) model of leadership with pertinent concepts from the theory of learning and used blogs as the communication medium. The outcome was very positive. Students practiced and advanced a range of cognitive, ethical, and communication skills.

Sima Djalali,Ryan Tandjung, Thomas Rosemann,Stefan Markun Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Background: Facing the upcoming shortage of primary care physicians (PCPs), medical and governmental organizations have recently made major investments to foster vocational training programs in Switzerland, designed to provide context-specific training for trainees in primary care practices. Less is known about the impact of these programs on the skills and specific knowledge of trainees. We aimed to evaluate the Cantonal program for vocational primary care training in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland’s largest Canton.Methods: We undertook a pretest–posttest study and surveyed physicians before and after participating in the Cantonal program for vocational primary care training in the Swiss Canton of Zurich. All trainees who participated in the program from 2013 until the end of 2015 were eligible. Primary outcome was the proportion of trainees being confident about their professional, organizational, examination and management skills before and after completing vocational training. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of trainees stating knowledge gain in entrepreneurship and the proportion of trainees being motivated to pursue a career as PCP.Results: Data of 47 trainees participating in the vocational training between 2013 and 2015 were eligible. In total, 35 (74.5%) participated in the T1 survey and 34 (72.3%) in the T2 survey. At T2, significantly more trainees (T1: 11%−89%, T2: 79%−100%) stated to be at least “slightly confident” about their skills (p

This study examines students’ perceptions of the development of academic and critical thinking skills in college, with a specific focus on team-based learning (TBL), an active learning strategy designed to increase student interaction and engagement. Six hundred and fifty students in five different courses were surveyed at the beginning of the semester about the extent to which they felt the typical college course enhances various academic and critical thinking skills. These responses were compared to their responses after a semester of TBL regarding the extent to which the TBL environment enhanced these same skills. Students expressed significantly greater improvement in critical thinking skills in a TBL environment in comparison to typical courses for most of the skills assessed and greater improvement in all of these skills in comparison to lecture-based courses. These results held for every demographic subgroup examined, including males, females, freshman, sophomores, juniors and seniors, as w...

The international debate on student skills development for employability has advanced institutional initiatives for teaching and learning, but to date lacks detailed research studies mappin...

Most studies of activism and social movements give more attention to methods and strategies than to the development of skills. Yet skills are crucially important to the success of campaigns. Research on expert performance provides insights into what is required to become highly proficient at a well-defined set of skills. These insights are potentially relevant to activists, as shown by the example of training for lunch-counter sit-ins in Nashville, Tennessee in 1960. Skill development needs to be given greater attention by activists and scholars.

This study examined the development of effective teaching skills in teacher candidates in the context of early field experiences directly tied to a pedagogical course. Evidence from faculty instructors, mentor teachers, and teacher candidates suggests secondary education candidates were able to develop effective teaching skills related to instructional strategies, classroom management, and curriculum design during an early field experience. Teacher candidates developed these skills as they shifted their identities from candidates-as-students to candidates-as-teachers.

As nations have sought to keep pace with rapid technological innovation, governments have renewed their focus on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education, with emphasis on developing both technical and non-technical skills in STEM students. This article examines which engineering-relevant skills may be developed by participation in cocurricular activities by creating a literature-based framework of skills and attributes developed through categories of undergraduate involvement. The authors then validate this framework using two methods.

A number of authors have endorsed the view that community-based tourism (CBT) can improve the well-being of local communities through the generation of economic and social benefits. This study proposes a management model that may be employed to assist local communities develop ventures of this nature. The findings of a study of a relatively successful CBT venture on Marajo Island in the Brazilian Amazon were used in tandem with a review of the literature to build the model based on an action pathway approach. Semi-structured interviews were employed to identify the sequence of actions that occurred commencing when the CBT venture was first suggested to the present. The results indicate that participation, partnerships, encouragement and acquisition of skills are important elements in developing CBT. The study also found that transfer of ownership from an external actor to the community will only be successful if the community has the required management skills necessary to run the project as a com...

This article gives the author's evaluation of the relative structural advantages and disadvantages of classroom and online education. He believes that online education is more effective in teaching...

This study is based on the opinions of selected Iraqi extension workers, regarding the type and amount of training they need, given their experience in the field. The Borich Needs Assessment Model was used for measuring training needs. The data were collected through questionnaires given to 300 respondents (agricultural workers) from January 15, 2016 to March 20, 2016. The results show that crop-planting courses have the greatest benefit. The greatest training need is skill and knowledge of teaching methods, while a moderately needed skill is the use of computer and information and communication technologies (ICT); management skills are the least needed training.

Helping skills courses play a vital role in counseling curriculum, but also tend to bring excessive anxiety for students, to the point of impeding their ability to successfully implement skills. This article describes specific creative and experiential activities, aimed at reducing anxiety in a helping skills course for counselors-in-training.

Interventions developed to improve adaptive skills can improve academic achievement. The authors expanded this line of research by examining the relationship between performance on a state proficiency exam and adaptive skills classifications on the Behavioral Assessment System for Children, Second Edition parent and teacher reports. Participants included 392 Latino students, Grades 2–6 in a large urban school district. Ordinal regression models were used to assess relationships between student academic proficiency level and adaptive skills classifications. Students classified as having higher adaptive skills by teachers were more likely to be classified as proficient or higher in reading and mathematics. These findings further support the relationship between adaptive skills and academic achievement. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

European Frame for Higher Education has led universities to adapt their teaching schemes. Degrees must train students in competences including specific and cross-curricular skills. Neverthe...

Problem-solving is a key engineering skill, yet is an area in which engineering graduates underperform. This paper investigates the potential of using web-based tools to teach students problem-solving techniques without the need to make use of class time. An idea generation experiment involving 90 students was designed. Students were surveyed about their study habits and reported they use electronic-based materials more than paper-based materials while studying, suggesting students may engage with web-based tools. Students then generated solutions to a problem task using either a paper-based template or an equivalent web interface. Students who used the web-based approach performed as well as students who used the paper-based approach, suggesting the technique can be successfully adopted and taught online. Web-based tools may therefore be adopted as supplementary material in a range of engineering courses as a way to increase students' options for enhancing problem-solving skills.

Studies consistently report that accounting graduates and graduates more generally do not have the generic skills expected by employers. This study considers the perspective of UK graduates...

Component content management (CCM) enables organizations to create, manage, and deliver content as small components rather than entire documents. As CCM methodologies, processes, and technologies are increasingly adopted, CCM is reshaping technical communication (TC), the roles of technical communicators, and the skills they need for career success. This article reviews scholarly and trade publications that describe changes in roles and needed skills in CCM environments and identifies implications of these changes for TC education.

This study used content analysis to examine job postings from advertising agencies to find how often information literacy (IL) skills were seen in the job posts and how these skills manifest themselves. Five out of the six IL skills were seen in at least 41% of the job postings, however the skill of synthesizing information was rarely mentioned. It was also found evaluating data and using data software is performed by advertisers. This study concludes with asking librarians to introduce marketing students to more data and calls on librarians to consider the context in which IL skills are used.

In this article, we discuss how hospitality students can leverage new technology and new HRM metrics from a combination of a traditional format case study and innovative data spreadsheets. We offer a teaching case study that combines the strategic dimensions of HRM with practice-driven data analysis anchored in HR analytics and HR big data mining. We argue that this combination helps identify, develop, and promote appropriate managerial skills among students.

Australia needs a stronger workforce over the next three to five years with more qualified engineers and associated professionals with the high-level skills capable of delivering the needs of the advanced manufacturing and maritime industries. Australia’s graduation rates in science, technology, engineering and mathematics fields are low by international comparison, providing challenges in meeting qualified workforce needs. With a focus on Tasmania, this paper identified the mismatch between current skills and future needs from a literature review, and through semi-structured interviews with companies in these industries, qualitative data on future skills were determined. The results clearly indicate that there is a need for Vocational Education and Training and Higher Education to be flexible in their course offerings, work with industry to ensure that it is delivering consistent and quality learning outcomes, thus creating a culture of communication and collaboration underpinned by mutual unders...

For athletes, life skills transfer represents the vital ongoing process in their personal development whereby they internalize the skills they have learned in sport and apply them to multiple life ...

This research examined the skills and abilities required of officers to effectively manage situations where the use of force may be required. The research also considered the nature of training req...

Across the world, development of health literacy skills with elementary school students improves health outcomes, reduces health risks, and increases academic success. As elementary school classroom teachers are often responsible for delivering the health curriculum to their students, this article examines ways to integrate health literacy with reading instruction. The authors describe learning experiences designed to develop knowledge and skills about nutrition and healthy eating choices in different cultural contexts. Mutual development of reading and health literacy skills leads to development of skills essential for supporting health and academic success. While the innovative strategies described here are designed in the context of U.S. classrooms, teaching health literacy in conjunction with critical literacy skills has global relevance.

The present study sheds light on what employers believe to be important hard skills and soft skills for entry-level information systems (IS) positions. Results from a survey of N = 73 U.S.-based and international employers suggest that soft skills are significantly more important than hard skills for entry-level IS positions. The most important hard skills are Microsoft Office, database/data warehouse/SQL, and knowledge of security, while the most important soft skills are willingness to learn, critical thinking, and attitude. Employer characteristics (e.g., industry, size, location) do not affect the importance of hard skills and soft skills. Findings of this study are discussed in light of previous research. Results of this study can help to guide universities in IS curriculum development.

Motor-skill training is an imperative element contributing to overall sport performance. In order to help coaches, athletes and practitioners to capture the characteristics of motor skills, sport scientists have divided motor skills into different categories, such as open versus closed, serial or discrete, outcome- or process-oriented, and muscular- or cognitive-oriented motor skills. However, in the current sports arena, coaches, athletes and practitioners rarely know of the existence of motor-skill classifications and their implications for motor-skill training. Thus, the purpose of this article is threefold: (1) to introduce the characteristics of open motor skills, (2) to explain the key principles of open motor-skill training, and (3) to describe the general principles of motor-skill training approaches for helping athletes achieve optimal performance. Because many sport skills fall into the open motor-skill category, if coaches can have a thorough understanding of the nature and characteristics of o...

One-hundred and seventy head chefs from the Republic of Ireland scored 59 variables for success on two scales: (a) competencies needed for success (NS), and (b) personal ownership of these competencies (PO). Results showed that variables were rated with means of 1.18 (extremely important) to 3.23 (moderately important). The top three were an ability to work hard, commitment to quality, and knowledge of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP). Variables rated lower in ownership than importance highlight areas for culinary educators to develop training programs. Average wages of head chefs (objective success) mirror the average industrial wage, but higher wages were gained with longer time working. Eighty percent of head chefs were satisfied (subjective success) in their current jobs. Factor analysis showed the factors needed to succeed in the culinary industry include professionalism, individual characteristics, leadership skills, management skills, and interaction with the job context. Applications for industry include talent management, mentoring future leaders, reducing staff turnover, and curriculum development.