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Destination social responsibility (DSR) is a contemporary construct related to social responsibility efforts at the level of destinations rather than corporations. While DSR has become a salient topic for destinations, research approaches are still fragmented. This work discusses existing conceptualisations, followed by a systematic review. Studies have supported positive outcomes of DSR, which can be favourable towards destinations at large. Although stakeholder theory is deemed foundational in conceptualizing DSR, findings reveal the construct has been studied from the perspective of tourists or residents, whereas other stakeholders are still absent from studies. The topic is biased towards quantitative methods and settings, and a comprehensive measurement instrument and definition of DSR are called for. This review aims to outline the contribution and progress of DSR in the context of responsible tourism, propose a unifying definition of DSR, and offer avenues for future research. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Objectives: This study was undertaken to identify stakeholder needs and wants in relation to an Infant and Young Child Feeding, Social and Behaviour Change Communication (SBCC) strategy for the 16 Southern African Development Community (SADC) member states during Covid-19 lockdowns and travel restrictions.Design: A rapid-assessment mixed-methods approach using qualitative and quantitative studies was adopted. Secondary data sources supported in-field findings.Setting/Subjects: Qualitative approaches included 17 key informant interviews from 7 SADC member states. Quantitative methods of an online survey elicited feedback from 61 participants from 11 SADC member states.Outcome measures: More strategic, best practice, infant and young child feeding SBCC programmes are recommended in SADC.Results: Programme challenges included increased demands on health systems from Covid-19, poor attitudes and beliefs toward IYCF behaviours, the dual burden of undernutrition and overnutrition, and financial and human resource capacity challenges to implement and evaluate SBCC campaigns at scale. Opportunities were also identified for improved detection, better meeting IYCF nutritional needs from locally sourced foods, training and capacity building for greater engagement of front-line field staff, effective policy development to support parent-friendly hospitals and workplaces, and improvedregional integration.Conclusions: The needs assessment demonstrated that priority programme planning can continue while the health sector deals with a pandemic threat. The adaptation to virtual support provided a variety of learnings for research designs, data collection and analysis, albeit over an extended timeframe of six months. A number of innovative approaches were identified in the resultant SBCC strategy for SADC along with opportunities for regional efficiencies in adapting existing, best practice SBCC creative and programming approaches.

This paper aims to analyse how the actors and context interacted in the case of a name rectification referendum for the Olympic team of the Republic of China (Taiwan/ROC) based on a strategic relat...

Variation orders have a substantial impact on project performance and stakeholder performance. The objective of this study is to discover the relationship chain among causes of variation orders (VO...

The article’s focus is on the widow(er)hood effect—a phenomenon that has been found among individuals across the world and throughout decades—which refers to an increased risk of morbidity as well ...

The COVID-19 pandemic alongside other environmental and social crises have raised questions around the role of government, governance and the notion of tourism value. The aim of this paper, therefore, was to develop a conceptual framework that makes sense of the tourism value discussion within the wider context of the New Zealand Department of Conservation’s aspiration of Papatūānuku Thrives (Mother Earth Thrives). Drawing on critical studies, current New Zealand tourism strategies, stakeholder input and discussions with government employees, a values-based tourism framework has been developed. The “tourism tree” integrates aspects of a regenerative tourism paradigm and cultural values from Te Ao Māori (the world of Māori) and recognises the importance of healthy roots for tourism to contribute positively to multiple wellbeings and give back to place. Whilst only a stepping-stone towards transformative blending of paradigms, the framework will help the Department in their policy and operational decisions, with a view towards achieving intergenerational positive outcomes from tourism.

To promote the EPC (engineering, procurement, construction) model in public projects has become a key task of China’s construction industry reform. However, the behavioral and strategic choices of ...

Forestry plantations constitute fertile ground for critical analysis of land use conflict. Policy-makers are increasingly recognising the need to address controversial issues in the plantation fore...

Zahra AL Qamariat,1 Dalia Almaghaslah2 1Intesive Care Unite, First Health Cluster in Eastern Province, Dammam Health Network, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Dalia AlmaghaslahDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, King Khalid University, PO BOX 1882, Abha, 61441, Saudi ArabiaTel +966 563885832Email damoazle@kku.edu.saIntroduction: Saudi Arabia is one of the countries facing the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The pharmacist is an important stakeholder in the healthcare system who plays a crucial role in avoiding AMR and implementing antimicrobial stewardship (AMS).Methods: A cross-sectional design was used in this study. The online questionnaire collected data regarding the enablers that have helped in preparing pharmacists to handle AMR and the barriers faced by pharmacy personnel in handling AMR, as well as the strategies used to overcome the identified barriers.Results: A total of 109 participants were included in the study. Just under two thirds (62.4%) of participants were female and the majority (70.6%) worked as pharmacists. Just under half (41.7%) had between 6 and 10 years of work experience. Three quarters (74.3%) had antimicrobial stewardship in place and around the same number (73.4%) were involved in handling infectious disease management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pharmacists have found that preparatory items/tasks, pharmacy college curriculum, pharmacy rotation, years of experience and self-education related to AMR handling to be natural, with a mean of 3.2. The participants found all the barriers – insufficient background, in site education and training, limited time, limited CPD activities, limited educational tools and no free access to relevant clinical journals – to be relevant, with a mean of 4.05. The participants found all the enablers – CPD activities, funded educational programs, allowing time for self-education, accessible educational resources and tools, annual evolution of competencies - to be relevant, with a mean of 4.12.Conclusion: The study concluded that the barriers preventing the handling of AMR could be overcome through allowing pharmacists more time for self-directed continuous education, providing access to tools and online educational resources, and offering pharmacists funded courses to equip them with the knowledge, skills and competencies needed to handle AMR.Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, pharmacists, AMR, Saudi Arabia, barriers, enablers

Business model innovation (BMI) is a well-established approach to adapt structures, activities, and services to dynamic environments. Increasing digitization and changing stakeholder demands put pr...

Corporate social responsibility is a crucial part of a company's strategy plan. It is a response to various issues in industrial companies such as governance, labour practices, environment, consume...

This study explores whether the arrangement for innovative agriculture is fulfilled in the Ethiopian context as perceived by key stakeholder groups, district-level experts, development agents (DAs), and smallholder farmers. A structural–functional analysis framework was used to guide our assumptions. Quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis were applied. Our findings revealed weak structural elements and poor functional activities arrangements in the zone and significant differences among key stakeholder groups, district-level experts, DAs, and farmers’ perceptions. Particularly, grassroots-level participants (DAs and farmers) enumerated several factors for poor implementation of innovative agriculture in their locality: poor coordination, shortage of competent human resources, budget constraints, and poor infrastructure, among others. To implement innovative agriculture that can benefit the smallholder farming community, therefore, Ethiopia needs to strengthen the arrangements of structural elements and functional activities at the grassroots levels.

The international community is a key actor in fostering, establishing and maintaining peace in conflict-affected regions through multiple forms of cooperation. Official development assistance (ODA)...

This paper explores planning negotiations in neighbourhood-level urban redevelopment. Rapidly densifying cities routinely approve development projects that exceed zoning permissions, conditional on...

Approximately 34% of people with tuberculosis (TB) were undiagnosed in Cambodia in 2017. This study explored barriers in access to TB services and information gaps by genders and key populations in the Cambodian national TB programme. In 2017, we conducted a consensus and validation workshop, desk reviews, 19 in-depth interviews, and 30 focus group discussions with representatives of stakeholder groups, affected populations, and communities. Content analyses were performed for qualitative interviews. We employed the consensus development methods during the workshop to define and prioritise key populations. Key themes that inhibited access to TB services included the lack of knowledge, awareness, time and financial means, and gender-specific vulnerabilities. Systemic barriers included inconsistencies in policy and guideline implementation and lack of resources required for effective TB management. We did not find indications of coercive practices against women and key populations. However, stigma and discrimination did exist in healthcare institutions, the workplace, and the community. There were significant gaps in gender and key population-specific data and reporting systems at all levels. Data availability is vital for understanding gender and key population-specific gaps, and they should be duly utilised. Mechanisms to ensure equality and inclusivity are necessary to end TB in Cambodia.

Purpose Rehabilitation services for children with mild motor difficulties are limited. Telehealth could be a novel avenue through which to provide these services. With the input of various stakeholder groups, this study aimed to develop a logic model for a new primary care telerehabilitation intervention and to identify influencing implementation factors. Methods and materials A participatory research design was used. A logic model, developed in consultation with five healthcare managers, was discussed with four stakeholder groups. Focus groups were conducted with clinicians (n = 9), pediatric healthcare managers (n = 5), and technology information consultants (n = 2), while parents (n = 4) were interviewed to explore their perceptions of the proposed intervention, and factors influencing implementation. Transcribed discussions were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results Stakeholders supported the delivery of telerehabilitation services for children with mild motor difficulties. Although agreement was generated for each logic model component, important recommendations were voiced related to service relevance and sustainability, parent and community capacity building, and platform dependability, security, and support. Identified factors influencing the implementation encompassed consumer, provider, technological, systemic and contextual barriers and facilitators. Strategies to address them were also suggested. Conclusion This study demonstrates the value of, and a process to engage stakeholders in the designing of pediatric telerehabilitation services and its implementation.IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICEPediatric telerehabilitation service are complex interventions which operate in complicate systems.Designing telerehabilitation services with stakeholders is recommended, yet how to do so often not clear.This study demonstrated that the development of a logic model can provide a systematic framework to helps guide the co-design process with stakeholders.Resulting recommendation underscored a broader vision for the intervention and identified crucial factors and strategies required for its successful implementation and sustainability.

Exclusionary disciplinary practices are utilized in schools despite limited benefits and associated negative student outcomes. Alternative strategies, such as Positive Behavioral Interventions and ...

Modern organizations are in quest of initiatives that will facilitate them to be sustainable as well as provide a competitive advantage to remain a continuous stakeholder in the global market. Green Lean Six Sigma (GLSS) is an inclusive approach that not only improves environmental sustainability but also leads to improvement in the financial stability of the organizations. To implement the GLSS strategy, it is essential to integrate Green, Lean, and Six Sigma initiatives under the umbrella of GLSS. In this study, GLSS integration has been proposed based on intangible features like enablers, toolsets, etc. Management dedication, participation, and team effort have been recognized as the most remarkable enablers to implement GLSS in the manufacturing sector. Moreover, this study also proposes a five facet GLSS framework for the manufacturing sector to enhance organizational sustainability. The current work will facilitate managers and practitioners to execute a sustainable GLSS program in manufacturing firms for increased operational excellence as well as environmental sustainability.

This study explores the primary challenges faced and strategies implemented in underserved athletic talent development environments (UATDEs) in the United States and examines how developing within ...

Strategic capital infrastructure programmes are risky endeavours due to the complexity inherent in implementing and managing such large project-based programmes. Successful programmes demand well-d...

In the higher education environment, work-integrated learning (WIL) is widely considered a key component of developing work-ready and professional graduates. Quality evaluation systems are needed to ensure continual improvement and development of WIL programs focusing on all stakeholder perspectives, not just the students or the sponsoring organisations. This paper describes the process a team of business academics and educational developers at an Australian university adopted to design a 360-degree approach to WIL evaluation, using action research methodology. The team developed an evaluation tool, comprising an online survey and associated web-enabled platform. The tool was trialled in a final year accounting unit, which had recently introduced a placement-based WIL project. Peer reflections from WIL educators across our institution in addition to internal testing, complemented our findings regarding what further changes were required to make this innovative tool applicable to different WIL contexts and disciplines.

Sport mega-events are often accompanied by allegations of bribery and corruption, with concerns around corruption opportunities expected to continue into the 2020s. Research on anti-corruption arou...

The notion of advanced technology is predominantly portrayed in a positive light and discussed within a dialogue that delivers benefits to its users. The term ‘smart city’ has been used to convey t...

An effective organisational structure is vital for the management of prefabricated buildings. This study aims to redesign a virtual organisational structure for such projects. Two-pronged action re...

This study investigates whether corporate governance and corporate foundations have any influence on corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting practices in the context of a developing country – Mauritius. Data were collected from Mauritian listed companies for the period of 2007–2014. Content analysis was used to assess the extent of CSR reporting. Multivariate regression was used to investigate the three research hypotheses. It was found that firms which contribute to a CSR foundation, generally report a higher level of CSR information provision. Conversely, state ownership has a negative influence on the level of CSR reporting while board independence had no significant influence on CSR reporting. This study contributes to the literature by shedding light on less explored intrinsic drivers of CSR reporting. While the role of extrinsic drivers (e.g. institutional obligations) remains relevant, it is only through an organizational/management commitment to ethical and social issues that substantive embedding of positive managerial attitudes toward CSR and stakeholder will occur.

This qualitative study responds to explicit calls for further research and explores the political co-brand management, positioning and negative image transference between the co-brand and the corpo...

Historic villages in China have dramatically changed in recent years, particularly those in poor areas where local culture and a lagging economy constitute the socio-economic framework. The critica...

Involving three conflicting stakeholder groups in a decision making process and reaching their consensus is a common problem, especially in the case of public service development decisions, in whic...

Background: Stakeholder’s views on the role of recovery capital, including issues and barriers, that might address service provision for individuals with alcohol- and drug-related problems are impo...

Several authors within the sport psychology literature have acknowledged an interpersonal dimension of applied practice, with several publications highlighting the significance of developing and ma...

PURPOSE The pursuit of independent living outcomes has been a longstanding emphasis of disability policy, practice, and research. Yet the ways in which the experience of independent living is understood and advanced locally warrants more focused attention. This article describes a collaboration among a regional Center for Independent Living (CIL) and university researchers focused on developing more informed programs and supports to promote independent living for persons with disabilities in their service area. METHOD A total of 75 adults with disabilities attended four "community conversations" during which they provided diverse definitions of independent living and shared a wide range of supports they needed and currently accessed to meet their independent living goals. RESULTS Attendee conversations generated 14 unique dimensions of independent living and 11 categories of independent living supports. Findings align with existing research asserting independent living as a multifaceted construct and extend the literature to include perspectives across a wider range of disability categories. CONCLUSION This study suggests that collaborations among Centers for Independent Living and researchers can be a fruitful context for conducting "needs assessments" and soliciting the perspectives of individuals with disabilities on (a) how they conceptualize independent living and (b) the local services and supports they need to attain their independent living goals.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONCommunity conversations are an efficient and engaging way of soliciting the perspectives of community members with a variety of disabilities.Establishing a planning team fluent in universal design, accessibility options, and local needs is critical to implementing effective community conversations.For Centers for Independent Living (CILs), community conversations offer a valuable approach for obtaining substantive stakeholder input to inform strategic planning.CILS could play an active role in equipping transition-age students with the skills, knowledge, relationships, and linkages needed to attain their independent living goals in early adulthood.

A structured and collaborative approach to design and decision‐making in the context of ecological restoration of rivers is developed and illustrated using a case study involving the mitigation of physical barriers to fish migration on the River Trent in the UK. The integrated design and decision-making framework provide a practical workflow model for structuring multi‐attribute decisions, engaging stakeholders, and assembling a design team needed to successfully plan environmental interventions. In our implementation team, members included ecologists, fisheries biologists, government scientists, and representatives of key stakeholder groups. The case study demonstrated a values‐based approach to implementing an ecological restoration plan that addresses some of the long‐standing barrier removal goals associated with the reintroduction of Atlantic salmon and European Union (EU) Habitats Directive listed species European lamprey and River eel. The integrated decision-driven, design framework approach is highlighted by trans-disciplinarily and social learning.

The introduction of the sharing economy has been seen as a potential pathway to destination sustainability. However, without a holistic measurement, its impact on destination sustainability is uncl...

Why are some family SMEs more innovative than others? We use the heterogeneity within family SMEs to explore how their socioemotional wealth (SEW) affects innovativeness. The ubiquity of smaller family firms means that their innovativeness is critical for policymakers, such as those in the United Arab Emirates, seeking innovation-led development. We conduct a multi-case study analysis of SEW and innovativeness in fourteen family SMEs based in the United Arab Emirates. Participants were from a range of sectors and across the employment size-range of family SMEs. None of the most innovative family SMEs had highly family-centric socioemotional wealth. High family-centricity was however evident in all the least innovative firms who survived on reputation and incremental customer or supplier-driven improvements. The least innovative firms were amongst the smallest but not the youngest, with firm age not influential for innovativeness. The paper proposes redressing family-centric SEW preferences to raise the innovativeness of family SMEs. This will involve longer-term decision-making that gives greater consideration to the interests of external stakeholder as well as future generations of the family.

The multifaceted challenges of rare disease research remain, leaving a large proportion of rare disease patients without treatment options. This study aims to identify the challenges of rare diseas...

The development of an independent organic breeding and seed sector poses a significant challenge for organic agriculture in Europe. It should deliver cultivars suitable to the principles and conditions of organic farming and secure the integrity of future product supply. This study seeks to identify promising pathways to address this challenge by analyzing value chain organization. It is based on a mixed method approach combining the assessment of qualitative data from a stakeholder dialogue with an analysis of quantitative farm survey data. The results from the stakeholder dialogue show that a value chain partnership is a promising strategy to distribute the burden for refinancing breeding, as the whole organic sector would profit from organic breeding. A cross-sector pool funding strategy is proposed for joining forces among all value chain partners of the organic sector to invest in organic breeding and collectively secure the integrity of the future organic product supply. Four success factors have been identified: a long-term commitment, a pool fund for organic cultivar development, awareness-raising on the importance of breeding, and a high level of transparency in the process. The funding strategy is backed up by findings on market channels. Farmers who market their products through long value chains use less organic seed than those marketing through short value chains. This highlights the need to better integrate long organic value chains such as processors, traders, and retailers, and seed supply. Regardless of the marketing channel, farmers consider the development of organic breeding a vital measure to achieve higher organic seed use. This indicates that overcoming organic seed shortage is more likely to be achieved when also including breeding activities.

Effective professional development programs (PDPs) rely on welldefined goals. However, recent studies on PDPs have not explored the goals from a multi-stakeholder perspective. This study identifies the most important learning goals of PDPs at science research institutions as perceived by four groups of stakeholders, namely teachers, education researchers, government representatives, and research scientists. Altogether, over 100 stakeholders from 42 countries involved in PDPs at science research institutions in Europe and North America participated in a three-round Delphi study. In the first round, the stakeholders provided their opinions on what they thought the learning goals of PDPs should be through an open-ended questionnaire. In the second and third rounds, the stakeholders assessed the importance of the learning goals that emerged from the first round by rating and ranking them, respectively. The outcome of the study is a hierarchical list of the ten most important learning goals of PDPs at particle physics laboratories. The stakeholders identified enhancing teachers’ knowledge of scientific concepts and models and enhancing their knowledge of the curricula as the most important learning goals. Furthermore, the results show strong agreement between all the stakeholder groups regarding the defined learning goals. Indeed, all groups ranked the learning goals by their perceived importance almost identically. These outcomes could help policymakers establish more specific policies for PDPs. Additionally, they provide PDP practitioners at science research institutions with a solid base for future research and planning endeavors.

CONTEXT/OBJECTIVE: Prolonged unemployment is common for people living with a spinal cord injury or disorder (SCI/D) and can impact negatively on quality of life. The present study examines stakeholder perspectives and experiences with the job search process in order to identify service gaps and return-to-work solutions. DESIGN: In-depth semi-structured interviews were thematically analysed, with questions focused on factors that can help or hinder efforts to gain employment. Generated themes were then applied to the Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) systems model of participation. SETTING: Community-based disability service provider in South Australia. PARTICIPANTS: Purposive sample of persons with SCI/D (n = 8) and rehabilitation professionals (n = 4). RESULTS: Person-centred themes were strongly endorsed by both groups and focused on incentives of, and motivation for, employment. Equally important to the job search process were individual expectations and attitudes, particularly job readiness. Environmental facilitators included employers’ positive attitude, although workplace discrimination remained a concern. Occupation-based barriers, rather than opportunities, were identified – namely, difficulties in SCI/D self-management, the need for timely functional assessments, and more opportunities for education, upskilling and retraining. CONCLUSIONS: The PEO model provides a broad framework to better understand the complex return-to-work process for people with a SCI/D and, potentially, uncover tangible solutions. The suggestion is that vocational rehabilitation should go beyond skills training and include motivational support to enhance job readiness. This must be done on a case-by-case basis. There is also a need for active and covert discrimination to be addressed through employment policies. The findings will be used to develop intervention targets for a newly established vocational rehabilitation service.

In construction, greater emphasis is often placed on the economic and environmental aspects of sustainability, rather than social. Nonetheless, neglecting one of the sustainable pillars in construc...

This article offers an original empirical and theoretically grounded examination of the English Football League’s (EFL) Voluntary Recruitment Code (VRC): a positive action intervention designed to establish inclusive practices of coach recruitment and increase the representation of minoritised coaches in first team coaching operations at men’s professional football clubs in England. In doing so, it draws on semi-structured interviews with Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) at clubs (n = 5), football stakeholder representatives (n = 14) and minoritised coaches (n = 26) to ascertain their perceptions, experiences, and reflections in relation to three inter-connected areas of focus. Firstly, the operational and attitudinal implementation of the VRC at clubs. Secondly, the effectiveness of the VRC in engendering its intended operational and representational impacts at clubs. Thirdly, critical reflections as to the ways in which the VRC might be reformulated and reimplemented to stimulate the conditions through which equality of opportunities, experiences, and outcomes for minoritised coaches might be realised. Finally, the article will conclude from a Critical Race Theory (CRT) perspective that racial equality measures of this kind should be strongly interventionist and transformational in their policy intentions and ideological scope, and seek to challenge and disrupt dominant liberal discourses of meritocracy, race-neutrality, colour-blindness, and the normativity of Whiteness in professional football coaching contexts. In doing so, the article calls on the EFL to work consultatively with member clubs, football stakeholders, and minoritised coaches to develop a holistic legislative and pedagogical approach to tackling racialised inequities in football coaching, which incorporate strongly regulated and reformatory positive actions.

Although disordered eating is prevalent in college women, most will not receive treatment, and existing approaches have limitations. Thus, novel and accessible approaches are warranted. However, few behavioral health interventions progress beyond initial implementation, underscoring the importance of feasibility and acceptability data to guide intervention development and refinement. Stakeholder perspectives can enrich these data, as they can highlight potential mechanisms to investigate in larger randomized-controlled trials (RCTs). The current study examined participant and leader feedback from an 8-week pilot intuitive eating (IE) intervention for college women with disordered eating delivered through group and guided self-help (GSH) modalities. Participants (N = 71) and leaders (N = 8) completed anonymous weekly surveys and exit questionnaires. Overall, the intervention was acceptable and feasible for both participants and leaders. Unique benefits of each modality, such as validation and support in group, and individualization and convenience in GSH, contributed to participant satisfaction and efficacy. Moreover, potential mechanisms of intervention effects, such as interoceptive awareness and self-compassion, were cited in both conditions, and should be explored in a future, fully-powered RCT. Areas for potential refinement include extending the intervention, assessing a hybrid treatment, online delivery, and careful design of a control condition to isolate the intervention's mechanisms of change.

In this paper, we examine stakeholder initiatives to revitalise Indigenous languages in two countries, Aotearoa New Zealand and Canada, the countries in which we live and conduct research. We provi...

This paper examines public conflict over the rapid growth of the Tasmanian salmon aquaculture industry and associated environmental and social impacts. By conducting a media analysis, triangulated with key stakeholder interviews, we find news media discourse was predominantly framed by environmental risk, expansion of the industry and the in/effectiveness of Government regulation. Environmental science and community interests were conflated within these themes, leading to a perceived lack of transparency and loss of trust in both environmental science information and regulation of environmental impacts. Government, salmon companies and science institutions were the most frequently mentioned stakeholder groups within news media, suggesting they had power to facilitate virtuous cycles – that is, shared goals and language. However, these stakeholder groups were portrayed to be outwardly opaque in their communications of, and lacking engagement in, decision-making processes. By revealing how science, societal values and decision-making were negotiated in news media through this conflict, we hope to contribute to understanding of how vicious and virtuous cycles are facilitated by various stakeholders and within media.

This paper aims to investigate the relationships between guanxi, supply chain innovation, and stakeholder’s value in a value-added supply chain innovation model, taking the empirical data from New ...

The business of sport has been radically challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic, impelling a rapid reassessment of practices to survive the disruption. One stakeholder comprehensively impacted has bee...

The main purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sport team reputation on team attachment and community attachment by comparing fans, local residents, and sponsors. The team targeted for...

For people with post-stroke aphasia, “Will I get better?” is a question often asked, but one that is intellectually and emotionally demanding for speech pathologists to answer. Speech pathologists’ formulation and delivery of aphasia prognoses is varied and there is limited evidence for optimising practice. We aimed to understand speech pathologists’ clinical experiences, reasoning, and support needs in aphasia prognostication. Twenty-five Australian speech pathologists working with people with aphasia participated in individual, semi-structured interviews. Their age, level of experience, work setting, and location were maximally varied. Interview responses were analysed qualitatively using thematic analysis. Five themes were drawn from the interviews: (1) prognostic challenges are shared but not voiced; (2) truth is there’s no quick fix; (3) recovery is more than words; (4) the power of words; and, (5) prognostic competence is implicit. Speech pathologists use implicit competencies to formulate and deliver aphasia prognoses. A patient-centred, holistic contextualisation of aphasia recovery may enable realistic, optimistic, and constructive conversations about prognosis. These conversations may have therapeutic potential if prognostic uncertainty, emotional adjustment, and conditional outcomes are carefully addressed. Future research should seek to understand the perceptions and preferences of people with aphasia and their significant others.Implications for RehabilitationAphasia prognostication in clinical practice is complex and nuanced, thus increased clinical and research focus is warranted to ensure key stakeholder needs are met.Conversations about prognosis may be more meaningful to people with aphasia if recovery is conceptualised as encompassing impairment, activity, and participation outcomes.Given the implicit competencies required for prognostication, a structured approach to reflective practice and experience-based training may be beneficial.Conversations about prognosis may have therapeutic value, but further research is needed to explore this potential. Aphasia prognostication in clinical practice is complex and nuanced, thus increased clinical and research focus is warranted to ensure key stakeholder needs are met. Conversations about prognosis may be more meaningful to people with aphasia if recovery is conceptualised as encompassing impairment, activity, and participation outcomes. Given the implicit competencies required for prognostication, a structured approach to reflective practice and experience-based training may be beneficial. Conversations about prognosis may have therapeutic value, but further research is needed to explore this potential.

Rainforests provide exceptional spaces for nature-based tourism activities attracting large numbers of visitors. Simultaneously, tourism activities may create environmental, social and economic impacts that require management in order to conserve sensitive rainforest environments. Rainforest tourism constitutes a travel sector that receives growing interest worldwide. This study presents a timely review of current knowledge and research gaps in a new conceptual model to give recommendations for a future research agenda. Through a systematic quantitative review, the study identified 48 peer-reviewed journal articles addressing conservation and management topics (33), followed by visitor-related research (23), impacts (10), and finally community and stakeholder research (3) of rainforest tourism, published between 1975 and 2019. The majority of research focused on management issues relating to policy development, planning, education and conservation measures. A strong geographic bias was noted with very limited research available for rainforest regions in Africa and Asia. Future research should be concerned with expanding and linking rainforest research across countries, and filling knowledge gaps around visitor monitoring, specific impacts and causes, and the complexity of community and stakeholder involvement in managing impacts. Protocols may need to be established to facilitate the design and delivery of standardised research approaches across the globe.