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Background: Multiple studies have assessed the prognostic significance of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in patients with breast cancer, but their results remain controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of LDH in breast cancer by meta-analysis. Methods: Electronic searches for relevant articles were conducted in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases. The HR and their 95% CI were used to assess the prognostic value of serum LDH. Stata Statistical Software 12.0 was applied for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 11 studies involving 6,102 patients were subjected to final analysis. Our results showed that higher serum LDH had significant effect on poor overall survival (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.68-2.11) and progression-free survival (HR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.46-2.68). Moreover, the results of subgroup analyses were consistent with that of overall outcomes. No significant heterogeneity and publication bias were found in this study. Conclusion: Serum LDH could act as a prognostic factor for patients with breast cancer. Future data are needed to validate and update our results.

The antifatigue effect of the tissue culture of Saussurea involucrata. (TCSauI) KAR. et. KIR. (Compositae) was investigated in mice on swimming time, hepatic glycogen content, serum lactic acid content, serum urea-nitrogen, and serum lactate dehydrogenase. The current study provides evidence that TCSauI has antifatigue activity, suggesting the potential of the tissue culture technique to substitute for wild S. involucrata. (WSauI) in the pharmaceutical industry.

Serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 catalytic concentration (S-LD-1) was measured at the time of orchiectomy in 104 patients with nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors (NSTGCT) clinical stage I who participated in a randomized study comparing surveillance after orchiectomy (group I) and radiotherapy (group II). For 68 patients, S-LD-1 was measured in a serum sample before or on the day of the orchiectomy. Twenty-seven patients (40%) had elevated S-LD-1; median 102 U/L (range 41-335). For the remaining 36 patients. S-LD-1 was measured in a serum sample after orchiectomy: 8 of these patients (22%) had elevated S-LD-1. S-LD-1 was normalized shortly after surgery in most patients with a preorchiectomy elevated S-LD-1. Fifteen of the 68 patients relapsed: 9 out of 27 with an elevated S-LD-1 and 6 out of 41 patients with normal S-LD-1 (p = 0.13, Fisher's exact test). In group 1, those with a preoperatively elevated S-LD-1 had a lower 8-years' relapse-free survival than those with a normal S-LD-1 (40% vs. 80%, p = 0.003, log-rank test). The role of S-LD-1 in the staging, prognostication and monitoring of patients with NSGCT clinical stage I should be further explored in a large, prospective study.

Gallium (67Ga) scan was performed in 29 CLL patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who were suspected on clinical grounds to have Richter's transformation (RT). Of 29 patients, nine had a positive 67Ga scan; seven of these had a subsequent biopsy that verified large-cell lymphoma or Hodgkin's disease. The other two patients underwent biopsies that revealed fungal infections, a known cause of 67Ga uptake. Two patients had biopsies that were consistent with RT but showed no affinity to 67Ga. One false negative resulted five days after chemotherapy, a known cause of diminished 67Ga uptake. The other occurred within a small infraorbital mass, containing only 10% centroblasts, which is below the level of detection for 67Ga scanning. Subsequent 67Ga scans in both patients revealed 67Ga avid lesions, which demonstrated RT upon biopsy. This technique was more strongly predictive of RT than was measurement of serum B-2 microglobulin or serum lactate dehydrogenase levels. 67Ga scanning is very useful in localizing an optimal site for biopsy to document RT; it may also have the potential to help assess response to treatment, predict recurrence, and contribute to long-term follow-up in this subset of patients.

A 7-year-old girl presented with an extragonadal dysgerminoma arising from the pelvis. Her mother had been treated for a histologically identical pituitary tumor 3 years previously. The child's serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level was markedly elevated at presentation and fell as the tumor responded to treatment. The potential use of LDH as a marker for gonadal dysgerminoma is well documented, but raised LDH in association with primary extragonadal dysgerminoma has not been described previously. In addition, this is the first report of extragonadal dysgerminoma occurring in female relatives.

We investigated the relationship between serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and energy expenditure in young adults, evaluating their serum LDH activities in order to develop an index of energy expenditure. The results obtained were as follows. (1) There were significant correlations between the serum LDH activity and energy expenditure/day, energy expenditure/body weight/day and daily activity index in men. (2) There were significant correlations between the serum LDH activity and energy expenditure/day and daily activity index in women. (3) A group of men who 'rarely' exercised had lower levels of serum LDH activity than those who exercised 'sometimes' or 'usually', but little difference was noted between similar groups of women.

A total of 216 male Sprague‐Dawley rats were used. Animals were injected IP every 3 days for 29 days for a total of 9 injections with 0, 1.0 or 2.5 mg Cd/kg body wt. Total cumulative doses were 0, 9.0 or 22.5 mg Cd/kg body wt. Twenty‐four hrs after the last Cd injection (day 30), each animal was subjected to an acute sublethal total‐body exposure of 0, 362 or 543 rads of gamma (60Co) irradiation at a dose rate of 304 rads/min. Eight rats from each of the 9 groups were sacrificed by cardiac exsanguination on post‐irradiation day 1, 7 or 21. Radiation alone produced significant elevations of LDH. However, Cd alone or as the co‐insult did not produce significant changes in enzymes levels. The molecular basis for the mechanism is not known.

SummaryDuring the course of megaloblastic anaemias the rise of the serum lactate dehydrogenase and the alteration of its isoenzymes are constant. The persistance of these alterations (particularly the zymogram) several weeks after the administration of vitamine B12, justifies the systematic evaluation of the SLDH and its isoenzymes in the diagnosis of any anaemia wether already treated or not. The interest of these measurements, in cases where the macrocytic character of the anaemia is masked by other existing deficiencies, is raised.

A case of abnormal electrophoretic pattern of the serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes is described. It is shown that this abnormality was caused by an interaction between lactate dehydrogenase and immunoglobulin G. The complex dissociated continously during electrophoresis. The antibody' was therefore presumably of low avidity.