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The paper investigates the relation between the pesticides use in agriculture and their effects on human health, in the global context of food security, overpopulation, and climate change. It is assumed that demographic growth led to the need of producing more food for over seven billion people. As the land is limited, the agricultural output must increase intensively, not extensively, meaning that yields are supposed to grow, not the area cultivated. In order to grow the yields, higher amounts of chemical substances, including pesticides, are needed. The objective of this paper is to assess the effects of the pesticides use on human health, using the simple regression model. The main findings show that digestive diseases are correlated to pesticides use. The relevance of the study lies in its capacity to inform people about the effects of the pesticides use on human health, so they could make informed choices on the food they consume. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]