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In this study, phosphate rock and iron powder were used as raw materials, and industrial silicon is used as a reducing agent. Through orthogonal experiments, the effects of smelting temperature, holding time and silicon ratio on the carbon content, titanium content, phosphorus content and the recovery rate of phosphorus in ferro-phosphorus alloy products are studied. The results show that the carbon content in ferro-phosphorus alloys obtained in the experiment is less than 0.043%, and the titanium content is less than 0.036%. The order of the degree of influence of various factors on the phosphorus content and the recovery rate of phosphorus from large to small is: silicon ratio, smelting temperature, holding time. The best process conditions for preparing ferro-phosphorus alloy by electro-silicothermic process are smelting temperature of 1390 ℃, holding time of 60 min, and silicon ratio of 1.2. Under these conditions, the ferro-phosphorus alloy has a carbon content of 0.010%, a titanium content of 0.036%, and a phosphorus content of 27.78%. The recovery rate of phosphorus was 96.49%.