Search

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) poses a medical, social, and economic problem. In Romania since 2002, the prevention of HIV transmission and the care for HIV-positive people have been overseen by Governmental Law. HIV infection in Romania has some particularities, such as the high number of HIVinfected patients under treatment and the high percentage of long-term survivors. Romania reported its first case of AIDS to the World Health Organization in 1985, and its first case in the pediatric population in 1989. A year later, a new case definition, based on local possibilities was formulated together with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, Atlanta, GA). According to the latest report of the Compartment for Monitoring and Evaluation of HIV/AIDS in Romania, the cumulative number of HIV cases registered between 1985-2021 was 26,171, while the number of people living with HIV at the end of December 2021 was 17,271. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mother-to-child transmission of viral blood bome diseases (BBD) may be prevented with efficient measures of prophylaxis. Some of the most frequent viruses involved in mother-to-child transmission are HBV, HIV and HCV. Our main objectives were to assess the mother-to-child transmission of BBD - HBV, HCV and HIV, to evaluate the risk factors associated with these viruses transmission in a hospital from Romania, especially in childbearing women diagnosed at the moment of birth, along with defining the importance of midwives. We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study, from January 2017 to December 2018 at a District Hospital for Obstetric Gynecology in Romania. A total of 7,020 childbearing women were monitored. Only 73 childbearing women presented BBD (61 HBV infections, 7 HCV infections and 5 HIV infections). Mother-to-child transmission rate of BBD was 12.32% (N=9 newborns) and the most frequent BBD transmitted to newborns was HIV infection. There were no cases of HBV mother-to-child transmission. The most important risk factors for transmission of abovementioned viral infections were found to be episiotomy, cervical rupture and early membrane rupture. There is a need for joint effort of all healthcare providers including the midwives in order to improve the control of BBD transmission from pregnant women to their newborns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]