1. Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. IX. Velocity–Delay Maps for Broad Emission Lines in NGC 5548
- Author
-
B. J. Shappee, J. M. Gelbord, Alessandro Siviero, Marianne Vestergaard, M. Spencer, G. A. Borman, Kevin V. Croxall, Michael Fausnaugh, Rick Edelson, M. C. Bottorff, Yair Krongold, Jeremy Jones, A. Skielboe, Nicolas Tejos, T. Hutchison, F. MacInnis, J. E. Brown, Catherine J. Grier, Hyun-Il Sung, M. L. Nguyen, Ryan Norris, Alis J. Deason, Haojing Yan, Susanna Bisogni, D. M. Crenshaw, J. A. Kennea, Alexei V. Filippenko, P. Ochner, S. V. Nazarov, A. A. Breeveld, Keith Horne, I. M. McHardy, Y. Weiss, E. Holmbeck, Wei Zhu, Michael T. Carini, J. A. Nousek, Hagai Netzer, A. Bigley, S. Hicks, Michael D. Joner, Kirk T. Korista, S. A. Klimanov, S. C. Kim, G. De Rosa, Jon C. Mauerhan, E. R. Manne-Nicholas, J. van Saders, Isaac Shivvers, Aaron J. Barth, Christopher S. Kochanek, Vardha N. Bennert, Ying Zu, Sang Chul Kim, Kelly D. Denney, Scott M. Adams, S. G. Sergeev, L. Gonzalez, F. Müller Sánchez, H. Yuk, Steven Villanueva, N. Gehrels, J. J. Jensen, R. McGurk, M. Im, Miao Li, K. Flatland, Garrett Somers, Jamie Tayar, D. Mudd, S. Geier, Enrico Maria Corsini, Phil Uttley, S. Rafter, M. Eracleous, H. W. Rix, Lorenzo Morelli, Douglas C. Leonard, Kelsey I. Clubb, Laura Vican, K. Schnülle, Smita Mathur, C. S. Turner, J. R. Parks, J.-U. Pott, M. Dietrich, Patrick L. Kelly, Jenny E. Greene, Carolin Villforth, P. Arévalo, Calen B. Henderson, Michael S. Brotherton, A. Gupta, M. W. Lau, Julia M. Comerford, Chris Done, Minjin Kim, Ori D. Fox, Gerard A. Kriss, Gary J. Ferland, Daniel Proga, S. Young, N. V. Efimova, Thomas W.-S. Holoien, P. A. Evans, Radosław Poleski, M. R. Goad, Dirk Grupe, B. Scott, Alessandro Pizzella, Zhiyuan Ma, J. S. Schimoia, J. C. Lee, Jong-Hak Woo, P. Lira, Cassandra Lochhaas, Jessie C. Runnoe, M. H. Siegel, Justin Ely, Patrick B. Hall, I. E. Papadakis, C. A. Johnson, Tommaso Treu, Emma Gardner, Todd Boroson, D. A. Starkey, Daniel J. Stevens, Thomas G. Beatty, Andrew J. King, Jelle Kaastra, Edward M. Cackett, Misty C. Bentz, J. S. Brown, Liuyi Pei, D. N. Okhmat, Steve Croft, M. A. Malkan, G. V. Simonian, M. Dehghanian, C. Montuori, Bradley M. Peterson, E. Dalla Bontà, R. W. Pogge, Matthew T. Penny, V. Gorjian, W. N. Brandt, Elinor L. Gates, Shai Kaspi, D. A. Saylor, Ana M. Mosquera, A. Pancoast, WeiKang Zheng, A. de Lorenzo-Cáceres, Gabriela Canalizo, ITA, USA, GBR, Science & Technology Facilities Council, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, and University of St Andrews. St Andrews Centre for Exoplanet Science
- Subjects
Seyfert [Galaxies] ,Active galactic nucleus ,active [Galaxies] ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,individual (NGC 5548) [Galaxies] ,Active galaxies, Astrophysical black holes, Supermassive black holes, Active galactic nuclei, Reverberation mapping ,astro-ph.GA ,T-NDAS ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics ,Astronomy & Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Atomic ,Physical Chemistry ,Virial theorem ,Reverberation mapping ,Particle and Plasma Physics ,Spitzer Space Telescope ,Supermassive black holes ,0103 physical sciences ,QB Astronomy ,Nuclear ,Emission spectrum ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,QC ,QB ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Line (formation) ,Physics ,Active galactic nuclei ,Supermassive black hole ,Astrophysical black holes ,Molecular ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Black hole ,QC Physics ,Space and Planetary Science ,nuclei [Galaxies] ,Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,Active galaxies ,Astronomical and Space Sciences ,Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural) - Abstract
We report velocity-delay maps for prominent broad emission lines, Ly_alpha, CIV, HeII and H_beta, in the spectrum of NGC5548. The emission-line responses inhabit the interior of a virial envelope. The velocity-delay maps reveal stratified ionization structure. The HeII response inside 5-10 light-days has a broad single-peaked velocity profile. The Ly_alpha, CIV, and H_beta responses peak inside 10 light-days, extend outside 20 light-days, and exhibit a velocity profile with two peaks separated by 5000 km/s in the 10 to 20 light-day delay range. The velocity-delay maps show that the M-shaped lag vs velocity structure found in previous cross-correlation analysis is the signature of a Keplerian disk with a well-defined outer edge at R=20 light-days. The outer wings of the M arise from the virial envelope, and the U-shaped interior of the M is the lower half of an ellipse in the velocity-delay plane. The far-side response is weaker than that from the near side, so that we see clearly the lower half, but only faintly the upper half, of the velocity--delay ellipse. The delay tau=(R/c)(1-sin(i))=5 light-days at line center is from the near edge of the inclined ring, giving the inclination i=45 deg. A black hole mass of M=7x10^7 Msun is consistent with the velocity-delay structure. A barber-pole pattern with stripes moving from red to blue across the CIV and possibly Ly_alpha line profiles suggests the presence of azimuthal structure rotating around the far side of the broad-line region and may be the signature of precession or orbital motion of structures in the inner disk. Further HST observations of NGC 5548 over a multi-year timespan but with a cadence of perhaps 10 days rather than 1 day could help to clarify the nature of this new AGN phenomenon., 19 pages, 9 figures, ApJ in press
- Published
- 2021