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3. Performance of the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter prototype to charged pion beams of 20–300 GeV/c

Author

Acar, B., primary, Adamov, G., additional, Adloff, C., additional, Afanasiev, S., additional, Akchurin, N., additional, Akgün, B., additional, Alhusseini, M., additional, Alison, J., additional, Figueiredo de sa Sousa de Almeida, J.P., additional, Dias de Almeida, P.G., additional, Alpana, A., additional, Alyari, M., additional, Andreev, I., additional, Aras, U., additional, Aspell, P., additional, Atakisi, I.O., additional, Bach, O., additional, Baden, A., additional, Bakas, G., additional, Bakshi, A., additional, Banerjee, S., additional, De Barbaro, P., additional, Bargassa, P., additional, Barney, D., additional, Beaudette, F., additional, Beaujean, F., additional, Becheva, E., additional, Becker, A., additional, Behera, P., additional, Belloni, A., additional, Bergauer, T., additional, El Berni, M., additional, Besancon, M., additional, Bhattacharya, S., additional, Bhowmik, D., additional, Bilki, B., additional, Bilokin, S., additional, Blazey, G.C., additional, Blekman, F., additional, Bloch, P., additional, Bodek, A., additional, Bonanomi, M., additional, Bonis, J., additional, Bonnemaison, A., additional, Bonomally, S., additional, Borg, J., additional, Bouyjou, F., additional, Bower, N., additional, Braga, D., additional, Brennan, L., additional, Brianne, E., additional, Brondolin, E., additional, Bryant, P., additional, Buhmann, E., additional, Buhmann, P., additional, Butler-Nalin, A., additional, Bychkova, O., additional, Callier, S., additional, Calvet, D., additional, Canderan, K., additional, Cankocak, K., additional, Cao, X., additional, Cappati, A., additional, Caraway, B., additional, Caregari, S., additional, Carty, C., additional, Cauchois, A., additional, Ceard, L., additional, Cerci, S., additional, Sunar Cerci, D., additional, Cerminara, G., additional, Chadeeva, M., additional, Charitonidis, N., additional, Chatterjee, R., additional, Chen, Y.M., additional, Chen, J.A., additional, Cheng, K.Y., additional, Cheng, H.J., additional, Cheung, H., additional, Chokheli, D., additional, Cipriani, M., additional, Čoko, D., additional, Couderc, F., additional, Cuba, E., additional, Danilov, M., additional, Dannheim, D., additional, Daoud, W., additional, Das, I., additional, Dauncey, P., additional, David, A., additional, Davies, G., additional, Davignon, O., additional, Day, E., additional, Debbins, P., additional, Defranchis, M.M., additional, Delagnes, E., additional, Demiragli, Z., additional, Demirbas, U., additional, Derylo, G., additional, Diaz, D., additional, Diehl, L., additional, Dinaucourt, P., additional, Dincer, G.G., additional, Dittmann, J., additional, Dragicevic, M., additional, Dugad, S., additional, Dulucq, F., additional, Dumanoglu, I., additional, Dünser, M., additional, Dutta, S., additional, Dutta, V., additional, Edberg, T.K., additional, Elias, F., additional, Emberger, L., additional, Eno, S.C., additional, Ershov, Yu., additional, Extier, S., additional, Fahim, F., additional, Fallon, C., additional, Sarbandi Fard, K., additional, Fedi, G., additional, Ferragina, L., additional, Forthomme, L., additional, Frahm, E., additional, Franzoni, G., additional, Freeman, J., additional, French, T., additional, Gadow, K., additional, Gandhi, P., additional, Ganjour, S., additional, Gao, X., additional, Ramos Garcia, M.T., additional, Garcia-Bellido, A., additional, Garutti, E., additional, Gastaldi, F., additional, Gastler, D., additional, Gecse, Z., additional, Germer, A., additional, Gerwig, H., additional, Gevin, O., additional, Ghosh, S., additional, Gilbert, W., additional, Gilbert, A., additional, Gill, K., additional, Gingu, C., additional, Gninenko, S., additional, Golunov, A., additional, Golutvin, I., additional, Gonultas, B., additional, Gorbounov, N., additional, Göttlicher, P., additional, Gouskos, L., additional, Graf, C., additional, Gray, A.B., additional, Grieco, C., additional, Grönroos, S., additional, Gu, Y., additional, Guilloux, F., additional, Guler, Y., additional, Gurpinar Guler, E., additional, Gülmez, E., additional, Guo, J., additional, Gutti, H., additional, Hakimi, A., additional, Hammer, M., additional, Hartbrich, O., additional, Hassanshahi, H.M., additional, Hatakeyama, K., additional, Hazen, E., additional, Heering, A., additional, Hegde, V., additional, Heintz, U., additional, Heuchel, D., additional, Hinton, N., additional, Hirschauer, J., additional, Hoff, J., additional, Hou, X., additional, Hou, W.-S., additional, Hua, H., additional, Huck, S., additional, Hussain, A., additional, Incandela, J., additional, Irles, A., additional, Irshad, A., additional, Isik, C., additional, Jain, S., additional, Jaroslavceva, J., additional, Jheng, H.R., additional, Joshi, U., additional, Kaadze, K., additional, Kachanov, V., additional, Kałuzińska, O., additional, Kalipoliti, L., additional, Kaminskiy, A., additional, Kanuganti, A.R., additional, Kao, Y.-W., additional, Kapoor, A., additional, Kara, O., additional, Karneyeu, A., additional, Kaya, M., additional, Kaya, O., additional, Kazhykharim, Y., additional, Khan, F.A., additional, Khukhunaishvili, A., additional, Kieseler, J., additional, Kilpatrick, M., additional, Kim, S., additional, Koetz, K., additional, Kolberg, T., additional, Komm, M., additional, Köseyan, O.K., additional, Kraus, V., additional, Krawczyk, M., additional, Kristiansen, K., additional, Kristić, A., additional, Krohn, M., additional, Kronheim, B., additional, Krüger, K., additional, Kulis, S., additional, Kumar, M., additional, Kunori, S., additional, Kuo, C.M., additional, Kuryatkov, V., additional, Kvasnicka, J., additional, Kyre, S., additional, Lai, Y., additional, Lamichhane, K., additional, Landsberg, G., additional, Lange, C., additional, Langford, J., additional, Laurien, S., additional, Lee, M.Y., additional, Lee, S.-W., additional, Stahl Leiton, A.G., additional, Levin, A., additional, Li, J.H., additional, Li, Y.Y., additional, Li, A., additional, Liang, Z., additional, Liao, H., additional, Lin, Z., additional, Lincoln, D., additional, Linssen, L., additional, Lipton, R., additional, Liu, Y., additional, Liu, G., additional, Lobanov, A., additional, Lohezic, V., additional, Lomidze, D., additional, Lu, S., additional, Lu, R.-S., additional, Lupi, M., additional, Lysova, I., additional, Magnan, A.-M., additional, Magniette, F., additional, Mahjoub, A., additional, Malakhov, A., additional, Mallios, S., additional, Mandjavize, I., additional, Mannelli, M., additional, Mans, J., additional, Marchioro, A., additional, Martelli, A., additional, Martens, S., additional, Martinez, G., additional, Masterson, P., additional, Matthewman, M., additional, Matysek, M., additional, Mayekar, S.N., additional, Meier, B., additional, Coco Mendez, S., additional, Meng, B., additional, Menkel, A., additional, Mestvirishvili, A., additional, Miao, Y., additional, Milella, G., additional, Mirza, I., additional, Moccia, S., additional, Mohanty, G.B., additional, Monti, F., additional, Moortgat, F.W., additional, Morrissey, I., additional, Motta, J., additional, Murthy, S., additional, Musić, J., additional, Musienko, Y., additional, Nabili, S., additional, Nguyen, M., additional, Nikitenko, A., additional, Noonan, D., additional, Noy, M., additional, Nurdan, K., additional, Wulansatiti Nursanto, M., additional, Ochando, C., additional, Odell, N., additional, Okawa, H., additional, Onel, Y., additional, Ortez, W., additional, Ozegović, J., additional, Ozkorucuklu, S., additional, Paganis, E., additional, Palmer, C.A., additional, Pandey, S., additional, Pantaleo, F., additional, Papageorgakis, C., additional, Papakrivopoulos, I., additional, Paranjpe, M., additional, Parshook, J., additional, Pastika, N., additional, Paulini, M., additional, Peitzmann, T., additional, Peltola, T., additional, Peng, N., additional, Buchot Perraguin, A., additional, Petiot, P., additional, Pierre-Emile, T., additional, Vicente Barreto Pinto, M., additional, Popova, E., additional, Pöschl, R., additional, Prosper, H., additional, Prvan, M., additional, Puljak, I., additional, Qasim, S.R., additional, Qu, H., additional, Quast, T., additional, Quinn, R., additional, Quinnan, M., additional, Rane, A., additional, Rao, K.K., additional, Rapacz, K., additional, Raux, L., additional, Redjeb, W., additional, Reinecke, M., additional, Revering, M., additional, Richard, F., additional, Roberts, A., additional, Sanchez Rodriguez, A.M., additional, Rohlf, J., additional, Rolph, J., additional, Romanteau, T., additional, Rosado, M., additional, Rose, A., additional, Rovere, M., additional, Roy, A., additional, Rubinov, P., additional, Rusack, R., additional, Rusinov, V., additional, Ryjov, V., additional, Sahin, O.M., additional, Salerno, R., additional, Saradhy, R., additional, Sarkar, T., additional, Sarkisla, M.A., additional, Sauvan, J.B., additional, Schmidt, I., additional, Schmitt, M., additional, Schuwalow, S., additional, Scott, E., additional, Seez, C., additional, Sefkow, F., additional, Selivanova, D., additional, Sharma, S., additional, Shelake, M., additional, Shenai, A., additional, Shukla, R., additional, Sicking, E., additional, De Silva, M., additional, Silva, P., additional, Simkina, P., additional, Simon, F., additional, Simsek, A.E., additional, Sirois, Y., additional, Smirnov, V., additional, Sobering, T.J., additional, Spencer, E., additional, Srimanobhas, N., additional, Steen, A., additional, Strait, J., additional, Strobbe, N., additional, Su, X.F., additional, Mantilla Suarez, C., additional, Sudo, Y., additional, Sukhov, E., additional, Sulak, L., additional, Sun, L., additional, Suryadevara, P., additional, Syal, C., additional, de La Taille, C., additional, Tali, B., additional, Tan, C.L., additional, Tao, J., additional, Tarabini, A., additional, Tatli, T., additional, Taylor, R.D., additional, Tekten, S., additional, Thaus, R., additional, Thiebault, A., additional, Thienpont, D., additional, Tiley, C., additional, Tiras, E., additional, Titov, M., additional, Tlisov, D., additional, Tok, U.G., additional, Kayis Topaksu, A., additional, Troska, J., additional, Tsai, L.-S., additional, Tsamalaidze, Z., additional, Tsipolitis, G., additional, Tsirou, A., additional, Undleeb, S., additional, Urbanski, D., additional, Uslan, E., additional, Ustinov, V., additional, Uzunian, A., additional, Varela, J., additional, Velasco, M., additional, Vernazza, E., additional, Viazlo, O., additional, Vichoudis, P., additional, Virdee, T., additional, Voirin, E., additional, Vojinoviç, M., additional, Vojinovic, M., additional, Wade, A., additional, Wang, C., additional, Wang, C.C., additional, Wang, D., additional, Wang, F., additional, Wang, X., additional, Wang, Z., additional, Wayne, M., additional, Webb, S.N., additional, Whitbeck, A., additional, Wickwire, R., additional, Wilson, J.S., additional, Wu, L., additional, Wu, H.Y., additional, Xiao, M., additional, Yang, J., additional, H Yeh, C., additional, Yohay, R., additional, Yu, D., additional, Yu, S.S., additional, Yuan, C., additional, Yumiceva, F., additional, Yusuff, I., additional, Zabi, A., additional, Zacharopoulou, A., additional, Zamiatin, N., additional, Zarubin, A., additional, Zehetner, P., additional, Zerwas, D., additional, Zhang, J., additional, Zhang, Y., additional, Zhang, H., additional, Zhang, Z., additional, and Zhao, X., additional

Published
2023
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8. Measurement of biological washout rates depending on tumor vascular status in 15O in-beam rat-PET

Author

Chie, Toramatsu, Mohammadi, Akram, Hidekatsu, Wakizaka, Hitomi, Sudo, Nobuhiro, Nitta, Chie, Seki, Miwako, Takahashi, Iwao, Kanno, Kumiko, Karasawa, Yoshiyuki, Hirano, Taiga, Yamaya, Chie, Toramatsu, Mohammadi, Akram, Hidekatsu, Wakizaka, Hitomi, Sudo, Nobuhiro, Nitta, Chie, Seki, Miwako, Takahashi, Iwao, Kanno, Kumiko, Karasawa, Yoshiyuki, Hirano, and Taiga, Yamaya

Abstract

Objective. The biological washout of positron emitters should be modeled and corrected in order to achieve quantitative dose range verification in charged particle therapy based on positron emission tomography (PET). This biological washout effect is affected by physiological environmental conditions such as blood perfusion and metabolism, but the correlation to tumour pathology has not been studied yet. Approach. The aim of this study was to investigate the dependence of the biological washout rate on tumour vascular status in rat irradiation. Two types of tumour vascularity conditions, perfused and hypoxic, were modelled with nude rats. The rats were irradiated by a radioactive 15O ion beam and time activity curves were acquired by dynamic in-beam PET measurement. Tumour tissue sections were obtained to observe the histology as well. The biological washout rate was derived using a single-compartment model with two decay components (medium decay, k2m and slow decay, k2s). Main results. All k2m values in the vascular perfused tumour tissue were higher than the values of the normal tissue. All k2m values in the hypoxic tumour tissue were much lower than the values of the vascular perfused tumour tissue and slightly lower than the values of the normal tissue. Significance. The dependency of the biological washout on the tumour vasculature conditions was experimentally shown.

Published
2022

11. Magnetic separation of nickel-plating waste liquid using a high temperature superconducting bulk magnet

Author

T Oka, K Sudo, J L Dadiel, N Sakai, H Seki, M Miryala, M Murakami, T Nakano, M Ooizumi, K Yokoyama, and M Tsujimura

Subjects
Materials Chemistry, Metals and Alloys, Ceramics and Composites, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics
Abstract

Ni is one of the important metal resources. Because Ni-containing waste liquid is drained after several plating turns in the factories, an effective recycling technique should be developed. A unique magnetic separation technique using high temperature superconducting bulk magnet has succeeded in collecting Ni-sulfate crystals, which were fabricated from the Ni-plating waste liquid. Pulsed-field magnetizing method was employed to activate the bulk magnet up to 2.80 T, which produced a field space of 1.40 T on the surface of the waste channel. Green coarse crystals were attracted from the flowing stream of Ni-saturated liquid containing weakly-magnetic particles of Ni-compounds. The magnetically-collected particles were identified as paramagnetic NiSO4/6H2O crystals, and slight differences in Ni concentration and grain size were observed between the particles attracted and not-attracted to the 1.8 T magnetic pole. In both cases, the large grains were found to consist of a single phase. The compound can be used as a raw material in the Ni-recycle process. This preferential extraction suggests a novel recycling method of Ni resource.

Published
2022

12. Measurement of biological washout rates depending on tumor vascular status in 15O in-beam rat-PET

Author

Chie Toramatsu, Akram Mohammadi, Hidekatsu Wakizaka, Hitomi Sudo, Nobuhiro Nitta, Chie Seki, Iwao Kanno, Miwako Takahashi, Kumiko Karasawa, Yoshiyuki Hirano, and Taiga Yamaya

Subjects
Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Abstract

Objective. The biological washout of positron emitters should be modeled and corrected in order to achieve quantitative dose range verification in charged particle therapy based on positron emission tomography (PET). This biological washout effect is affected by physiological environmental conditions such as blood perfusion and metabolism, but the correlation to tumour pathology has not been studied yet. Approach. The aim of this study was to investigate the dependence of the biological washout rate on tumour vascular status in rat irradiation. Two types of tumour vascularity conditions, perfused and hypoxic, were modelled with nude rats. The rats were irradiated by a radioactive 15O ion beam and time activity curves were acquired by dynamic in-beam PET measurement. Tumour tissue sections were obtained to observe the histology as well. The biological washout rate was derived using a single-compartment model with two decay components (medium decay, k 2m and slow decay, k 2s ). Main results. All k 2m values in the vascular perfused tumour tissue were higher than the values of the normal tissue. All k 2m values in the hypoxic tumour tissue were much lower than the values of the vascular perfused tumour tissue and slightly lower than the values of the normal tissue. Significance. The dependency of the biological washout on the tumour vasculature conditions was experimentally shown.

Published
2022

15. Overview of transport and MHD stability study: focusing on the impact of magnetic field topology in the Large Helical Device

Author

Ida, K., Nagaoka, K., Inagaki, S., Kasahara, H., EVANS5, Todd, Yoshinuma, M., Kamiya, K., Ohdachi, S., Osakabe, M., Kobayashi, M., Sudo, S., Itoh, K., Akiyama, T., Emoto, M., DINKLAGE, Andreas, Du, X., Fujii, K., Goto, M., GOTO, Takuya, HASUO, Masahiro, Hidalgo, C., Ichiguchi, K., Ishizawa, A., JAKUBOWSKI, Marcin, KAWAMURA, Gakushi, Kato, D., Morita, S., Mukai, Kiyofumi, Murakami, I., Murakami, S., Narushima, Y., Nunami, M., OHNO, Noriyasu, Pablant, N., Sakakibara, S., Seki, T., Shimozuma, T., SHOJI, M., Tanaka, K., Tokuzawa, T., Todo, Y., Wang, H., Collaborators, Ida, K., Nagaoka, K., Inagaki, S., Kasahara, H., EVANS5, Todd, Yoshinuma, M., Kamiya, K., Ohdachi, S., Osakabe, M., Kobayashi, M., Sudo, S., Itoh, K., Akiyama, T., Emoto, M., DINKLAGE, Andreas, Du, X., Fujii, K., Goto, M., GOTO, Takuya, HASUO, Masahiro, Hidalgo, C., Ichiguchi, K., Ishizawa, A., JAKUBOWSKI, Marcin, KAWAMURA, Gakushi, Kato, D., Morita, S., Mukai, Kiyofumi, Murakami, I., Murakami, S., Narushima, Y., Nunami, M., OHNO, Noriyasu, Pablant, N., Sakakibara, S., Seki, T., Shimozuma, T., SHOJI, M., Tanaka, K., Tokuzawa, T., Todo, Y., Wang, H., and Collaborators

Abstract

The progress in the understanding of the physics and the concurrent parameter extension in the large helical device since the last IAEA-FEC, in 2012 (Kaneko O et al 2013 Nucl. Fusion 53 095024), is reviewed. Plasma with high ion and electron temperatures (Ti(0) ~ Te(0) ~ 6 keV) with simultaneous ion and electron internal transport barriers is obtained by controlling recycling and heating deposition. A sign flip of the nondiffusive term of impurity/momentum transport (residual stress and convection flow) is observed, which is associated with the formation of a transport barrier. The impact of the topology of three-dimensional magnetic fields (stochastic magnetic fields and magnetic islands) on heat momentum, particle/impurity transport and magnetohydrodynamic stability is also discussed. In the steady state operation, a 48 min discharge with a line-averaged electron density of 1 × 1019 m−3 and with high electron and ion temperatures (Ti(0) ~ Te(0) ~ 2 keV), resulting in 3.36 GJ of input energy, is achieved., source:K. Ida et al 2015 Nucl. Fusion 55 104018, source:https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/55/10/104018, identifier:0000-0002-0585-4561

Published
2021

16. Temperature dependent EUV spectra of Gd, Tb and Dy ions observed in the Large Helical Device

Author

SUZUKI, Chihiro, KOIKE, Fumihiro, MURAKAMI, Izumi, TAMURA, Naoki, SUDO, Shigeru, SUZUKI, Chihiro, KOIKE, Fumihiro, MURAKAMI, Izumi, TAMURA, Naoki, and SUDO, Shigeru

Abstract

We have observed a number of different types of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectra from highly charged gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb) and dysprosium (Dy) ions in optically thin plasmas produced in the Large Helical Device at the National Institute for Fusion Science. Temporal changes in EUV spectra in the 6–9 nm region subsequent to the injections of solid pellets were measured by a grazing incidence spectrometer. The spectra rapidly change from discrete features into unresolved transition arrays (UTAs) following a drop in the electron temperature after the heating power is reduced. In particular, extremely narrowed UTA features, which comprise spectral lines of Ag-like, Pd-like and neighboring ion stages, are observed when the peak electron temperature is less than 0.45 keV due to the formation of hollow plasmas. Some discrete spectral lines of Cu-like and Ag-like ions have been identified in the high and low temperature plasmas, respectively, some of which are experimentally identified for the first time., source:C Suzuki et al 2015 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 48 144012, source:https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/48/14/144012

Published
2021

17. Development of quantitative atomic modeling for tungsten transport study using LHD plasma with tungsten pellet injection

Author

MURAKAMI, Izumi, SAKAUE, Hiroyuki A., SUZUKI, Chihiro, KATO, Daiji, GOTO, Motoshi, TAMURA, Naoki, SUDO, Shigeru, MORITA, Shigeru, LHD, Experiment Group, MURAKAMI, Izumi, SAKAUE, Hiroyuki A., SUZUKI, Chihiro, KATO, Daiji, GOTO, Motoshi, TAMURA, Naoki, SUDO, Shigeru, MORITA, Shigeru, and LHD, Experiment Group

Abstract

Quantitative tungsten study with reliable atomic modeling is important for successful achievement of ITER and fusion reactors. We have developed tungsten atomic modeling for understanding the tungsten behavior in fusion plasmas. The modeling is applied to the analysis of tungsten spectra observed from plasmas of the large helical device (LHD) with tungsten pellet injection. We found that extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission of W24+ to W33+ ions at 1.5–3.5 nm are sensitive to electron temperature and useful to examine the tungsten behavior in edge plasmas. We can reproduce measured EUV spectra at 1.5–3.5 nm by calculated spectra with the tungsten atomic model and obtain charge state distributions of tungsten ions in LHD plasmas at different temperatures around 1 keV. Our model is applied to calculate the unresolved transition array (UTA) seen at 4.5–7 nm tungsten spectra. We analyze the effect of configuration interaction on population kinetics related to the UTA structure in detail and find the importance of two-electron-one-photon transitions between 4p54dn+1– 4p64dn−14f. Radiation power rate of tungsten due to line emissions is also estimated with the model and is consistent with other models within factor 2., source:Citation I. Murakami et al 2015 Nucl. Fusion 55 093016, source:https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/55/9/093016, identifier:tungsten atomic model, EUV spectra, impurity behavior

Published
2021

19. Fabrication of Josephson junctions by single line etching of Nb thin films utilizing nitrogen-gas-field ion-source focused ion beam

Author

Shinya Sudo, Munenori Uno, and Masashi Akabori

Subjects
Josephson effect, Fabrication, Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Field (physics), business.industry, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, Focused ion beam, Ion source, Etching (microfabrication), Nitrogen gas, Optoelectronics, Thin film, business
Abstract

We focused on a focused ion beam (FIB) technology, called nitrogen gas field ion source FIB (N2 GFIS-FIB), which can etch directly at the 10 nm level or finer. We performed single line etching of Nb thin film microbridges deposited by N2 GFIS-FIB and fabricated Josephson junction (JJ) devices. The microbridge area was separated into two parts by the processing line, whose width was around 20 nm. We performed electrical characterizations of the devices at low temperature and observed typical behaviors of JJ devices, such as a superconducting current region and current jumping to the normal current region in some of the deeply etched devices. We also observed an AC resistance oscillation in some of the shallowly etched devices. The oscillation may be due to a sub-harmonic gap structure that originates from Andreev reflection. These results indicate that simple single line etching of Nb by N2 GFIS-FIB can form JJ devices.

Published
2022

20. Self-organization of hepatocyte morphogenesis depending on the size of collagen microbeads relative to hepatocytes

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Ajoudanian, Mohammad, Enomoto, Keita, Tokunaga, Yasuaki, Minami, Hiroshi, Chung, Seok, Tanishita, Kazuo, Kamm, Roger Dale, Sudo, Ryo, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Ajoudanian, Mohammad, Enomoto, Keita, Tokunaga, Yasuaki, Minami, Hiroshi, Chung, Seok, Tanishita, Kazuo, Kamm, Roger Dale, and Sudo, Ryo

Abstract

Recent advances in microfabrication technologies have enabled us to construct collagen gel microbeads, which can be cultured with hepatocytes. However, little is known about the hepatocyte-collagen gel microbead interactions. Here, we aimed to clarify the effects of the balance between cell-cell and cell-collagen gel microbead interactions on hepatocyte morphogenesis and functions. The magnitude of cell-microbead interactions was controlled by changing the size of the microbeads, which were smaller than, comparable to, and larger than hepatocytes. These small, medium, and large microbeads were cultured separately with primary hepatocytes. Phase-contrast and time-lapse imaging revealed that the medium microbeads significantly induced the construction of 3D structures composed of the microbeads and hepatocytes in a self-organizing manner, whereas hepatocytes formed 2D monolayers with the small or large microbeads. These results suggest that only the medium microbeads induced the 3D tissue formation of hepatocytes. Furthermore, liver-specific functions, such as albumin secretion and ammonia clearance, were significantly upregulated in the 3D structures. These findings are critical to understand how to control the construction of 3D hepatocyte tissues with hydrogel microbeads in the context of biofabrication.

Published
2020

23. Interface electronic structure and valence band dispersion of bis(1,2,5-thiadiazolo)-p-quinobis(1,3-dithiole) on polycrystalline Au electrodes

Author

Yasuyuki Watanabe, Yasuo Nakayama, Noboru Ohashi, Satoshi Kera, and Koji Sudo

Subjects
Materials science, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Electrode, Electrochemistry, Materials Chemistry, Valence band, Electronic structure, Crystallite, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Dispersion (chemistry), Molecular physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Published
2021

24. Self-organization of hepatocyte morphogenesis depending on the size of collagen microbeads relative to hepatocytes

Author

Ryo Sudo, Mohammad Ajoudanian, Roger D. Kamm, Yasuaki Tokunaga, Kazuo Tanishita, Seok Chung, Hiroshi Minami, Keita Enomoto, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering

Subjects
Male, Swine, 0206 medical engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Morphogenesis, Bioengineering, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Biochemistry, Biomaterials, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Tissue engineering, medicine, Animals, Secretion, Cells, Cultured, Tissue Engineering, Chemistry, Albumin, General Medicine, Microbead (research), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 020601 biomedical engineering, Microspheres, medicine.anatomical_structure, Liver, Hepatocyte, Biophysics, Hepatocytes, Cattle, Collagen, 0210 nano-technology, Biotechnology, Biofabrication
Abstract

Recent advances in microfabrication technologies have enabled us to construct collagen gel microbeads, which can be cultured with hepatocytes. However, little is known about the hepatocyte-collagen gel microbead interactions. Here, we aimed to clarify the effects of the balance between cell-cell and cell-collagen gel microbead interactions on hepatocyte morphogenesis and functions. The magnitude of cell-microbead interactions was controlled by changing the size of the microbeads, which were smaller than, comparable to, and larger than hepatocytes. These small, medium, and large microbeads were cultured separately with primary hepatocytes. Phase-contrast and time-lapse imaging revealed that the medium microbeads significantly induced the construction of 3D structures composed of the microbeads and hepatocytes in a self-organizing manner, whereas hepatocytes formed 2D monolayers with the small or large microbeads. These results suggest that only the medium microbeads induced the 3D tissue formation of hepatocytes. Furthermore, liver-specific functions, such as albumin secretion and ammonia clearance, were significantly upregulated in the 3D structures. These findings are critical to understand how to control the construction of 3D hepatocyte tissues with hydrogel microbeads in the context of biofabrication.

Published
2019

25. Spatial characteristics of luminous hydrocarbon pellet clouds in the large helical device

Author

V. Yu. Sergeev, I. V. Miroshnikov, I. A. Sharov, Naoki Tamura, and S. Sudo

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Imaging spectroscopy, Large Helical Device, Optics, Materials science, Hydrocarbon, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, business.industry, Pellet, Plasma diagnostics, Condensed Matter Physics, business
Abstract

This study analyzes the dependences of the size of the luminous region of hydrocarbon pellet cloud on the ablation rate, as well as on the ambient plasma electron density and temperature. The data were obtained in a series of experiments where spherical solid polystyrene pellets with a diameter of ≈900 μm at a speed of ≈450 m s−1 were injected into hydrogen plasma of the large helical device. The ambient plasma with an electron temperature of 0.5–1.5 keV and a density of (1–7) × 1019 m−3 was maintained by injection of neutral atom beams with total the heating power of 3–14 MW. A scaling law was derived for determining the transverse size of the cloud’s luminous region from the known values of the pellet’s current radius as well as the values of the density and temperature of the ambient plasma at the place of image acquisition. The interdependencies between various dimensions of the luminous region obtained in the line spectrum are established. The presence of such dependences makes it possible to describe the dimensions of the luminous region comprehensively by means of the scaling law for its transverse size.

Published
2021

26. Physical properties of furfurylated mangium (Acacia mangium Willd.) and pine (Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese) woods

Author

Gustan Pari, Rohmah Pari, Imam Busyra Abdillah, Desy Mulyosari, Elis Nina Herliyana, and Yusuf Sudo Hadi

Subjects
biology, Chemistry, Acacia mangium, Pinus merkusii, Forestry, biology.organism_classification
Abstract

Wood from plantation forest contains a lot of sapwood and juvenile wood which has inferior in physical properties. Furfurylation could improve the properties through a reaction between Furfuryl Alcohol (FA) with a hydroxyl group of wood components. The purpose of the study was to improve the physical properties of mangium (Acacia mangium Willd.) and pine (Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese) woods. The wood specimens for physical properties was prepared according to the ASTM D 143-94. They were vacuumed at 600 mmHg during 30 minutes, when the vacuum has been released, the FA reagent was inserted to the tank and followed with pressure at 10 kg/cm2 during 30 minutes. The specimens were wrapped with aluminium foil and heated in the oven at 100°C for 24 hours. After conditioned for three weeks, the specimens were tested for physical properties including Weight Percent Gain (WPG), density, Moisture Content (MC), water absorption, swelling, shrinkage, and anti-swelling efficiency (ASwE) according to the ASTM D 143-94. Untreated specimens were also prepared for comparison purpose with five replications for each treatment. The results showed that furfurylated mangium and pine woods reached WPG 11.34% and 17.74%, densities were increased 8.95% and 3.75%, MC were decreased 88.41% and 84.74%, water absorption were decreased 41.76% and 46.84%, volume swelling were decreased 55.18% and 61.57%, volume shrinkage were decreased 34.99% and 64.75%, respectively. ASwE of mangium and pine woods was 55.1% and 61.6%. It could be mentioned that the furfurylated wood had better physical properties compared to untreated woods.

Published
2020

27. Shear strength and subterranean termite resistance of polystyrene impregnated sengon (Falcataria moluccana) glulam

Author

Imam Busyra Abdillah, Yusuf Sudo Hadi, D. Hermawan, Wa Ode Muliastuty Arsyad, and Nurhanifah

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, Materials science, chemistry, Falcataria moluccana, Shear strength, General Medicine, Polystyrene, Composite material
Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate shear strength and improve the resistance of glulam from sengon(Falcataria moluccana)wood through the preliminary treatment of polystyrene impregnation. Sengon laminas were impregnated with polystyrene and made into two-layer glulam using isocyanate adhesives. The glulam was tested for shear strength according to American Standard for Testing Materials D-905-98, and exposed to subterranean termite attack in the laboratory scale according to Indonesian standard SNI 7207-2014. The untreated glulam and solid wood were used as a comparison purposes, and the tested samples were six replicas. The polymer loading of polystyrene glulam was 28.7%. The results showed that shear strength of solid wood was not significantly different from glulam, it means that impregnation process of the styrene on sengon wood does not affect the gluing process. The polystyrene impregnated glulam had better resistant to termite attack than solid wood, but it was not significantly different from the untreated glulam. To get better resistance it could be further study for higher polymer loading in glulam manufacturing.

Published
2020

28. Color changes and smoke penetration of jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) and tusam (Pinus merkusii) woods after smoke treatment

Author

Wa Ode Muliastuty Arsyad, Imam Busyra Abdillah, Gustan Pari, Muh Yusram Massijaya, and Yusuf Sudo Hadi

Subjects
Smoke, Horticulture, genetic structures, biology, Color changes, technology, industry, and agriculture, Environmental science, Pinus merkusii, Penetration (firestop), Anthocephalus, biology.organism_classification, complex mixtures
Abstract

Wood color is one of the physical properties that influence aesthetic values. Color has an important place regarding to human’s style. Color can be the preferential factors prior to people when making a decision to purchase wood products. The aim of the research was to evaluate the impact of smokes period (one-, two-, and three-week) on the color change and smoke penetration of tusam (Pinus merkusii) and jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) woods. The smoke was generated from pyrolysis of salam (Syzygium polyanthum) wood. Color evaluation was done with CIEL*a*b* method. The assessment of smoke penetration was done with visual identification using ImageJ application. The results demonstrated that smoke treatment resulted in the color change of the wood. Smoke treatment caused value of L* (lightness), a* (red-green), and b* (yellow-blue) of wood treated were decreasing from original wood. The wood was darker with longer period of smoke. Appearance of smoked wood was different totally from original color of wood. In visual identification showed that smoke was penetrated less than 1 mm of each wood. It was found that all smoke periods can be applied for natural coloring for smoky color type.

Published
2020

30. Hadronic energy resolution of a combined high granularity scintillator calorimeter system

Author

Repond, J., primary, Xia, L., additional, Apostolakis, J., additional, Folger, G., additional, Ivantchenko, V., additional, Ribon, A., additional, Uzhinskiy, V., additional, Boumediene, D., additional, Francais, V., additional, Blazey, G.C., additional, Dyshkant, A., additional, Francis, K., additional, Zutshi, V., additional, Bach, O., additional, Brianne, E., additional, Ebrahimi, A., additional, Gadow, K., additional, Göttlicher, P., additional, Hartbrich, O., additional, Krivan, F., additional, Krüger, K., additional, Kvasnicka, J., additional, Lu, S., additional, Neubüser, C., additional, Provenza, A., additional, Reinecke, M., additional, Sefkow, F., additional, Schuwalow, S., additional, Sudo, Y., additional, Tran, H.L., additional, Buhmann, P., additional, Garutti, E., additional, Laurien, S., additional, Lomidze, D., additional, Matysek, M., additional, Kaplan, A., additional, Schultz-Coulon, H.-Ch., additional, Wilson, G.W., additional, Jeans, D., additional, Kawagoe, K., additional, Sekiya, I., additional, Suehara, T., additional, Yamashiro, H., additional, Yoshioka, T., additional, Wing, M., additional, Kotera, K., additional, Nishiyama, M., additional, Sakuma, T., additional, Takeshita, T., additional, Tozuka, S., additional, Tubokawa, T., additional, Uozumi, S., additional, Alamillo, E. Calvo, additional, Fouz, M.C., additional, Marin, J., additional, Navarrete, J., additional, Pelayo, J. Puerta, additional, Verdugo, A., additional, Chadeeva, M., additional, Danilov, M., additional, Drutskoy, A., additional, Popova, E., additional, Rusinov, V., additional, Tarkovsky, E., additional, Emberger, L., additional, Gabriel, M., additional, Graf, C., additional, Israeli, Y., additional, Kolk, N. van der, additional, Simon, F., additional, Szalay, M., additional, Windel, H., additional, Bilokin, S., additional, Bonis, J., additional, Pöschl, R., additional, Irles, A., additional, Thiebault, A., additional, Richard, F., additional, Zerwas, D., additional, Anduze, M., additional, Balagura, V., additional, Becheva, E., additional, Boudry, V., additional, Brient, J-C., additional, Cornat, R., additional, Edy, E., additional, Frotin, M., additional, Gastaldi, F., additional, Li, B., additional, Magniette, F., additional, Nanni, J., additional, Rubio-Roy, M., additional, Shpak, K., additional, Tran, T.H., additional, Videau, H., additional, Yu, D., additional, Cvach, J., additional, Janata, M., additional, Kovalcuk, M., additional, Polak, I., additional, Smolik, J., additional, Vrba, V., additional, Zalesak, J., additional, Zuklin, J., additional, Chang, S., additional, Khan, A., additional, Kim, D.H., additional, Kong, D.J., additional, Oh, Y.D., additional, Elkhalii, A., additional, Götze, M., additional, and Zeitnitz, C., additional

Published
2018
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31. Investigation of in-plane anisotropy of c-axis magnetoresistance for BiCh2-based layered superconductor NdO0.7F0.3BiS2.

Author

Hoshi, Kazuhisa, Sudo, Kenta, Goto, Yosuke, Kimata, Motoi, and Mizuguchi, Yoshikazu

Abstract

We investigated the in-plane anisotropy of the c-axis magnetoresistance (MR) in both superconducting and normal states of the single crystals of a BiCh2-based (Ch: chalcogen) superconductor NdO0.7F0.3BiS2. In the superconducting states of NdO0.7F0.3BiS2, four-fold-symmetric in-plane anisotropy of the c-axis MR was dominant below the superconducting transition temperature. Since the crystal structure of NdO0.7F0.3BiS2 is tetragonal, the rotational symmetry in the superconducting state is preserved in the present compound. This result is clearly different from the cases in LaO0.5F0.5BiSSe single crystals, where the in-plane MR in the superconducting state showed clear two-fold symmetry such as nematic superconductivity. These differences between four-fold and two-fold symmetry in superconducting states could be attributed to constituent elements in the conducting layer (with or without Se). Therefore, the present results propose that switching from nematic to non-nematic superconductivity states could be achieved in the BiCh2-based system. The normal-state in-plane anisotropy was also investigated for NdO0.7F0.3BiS2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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32. Constriction of a lattice constant in an epitaxial magnesium oxide film deposited on a silicon substrate

Author

Kaneko, Satoru, primary, Tokumasu, Takashi, additional, Nakamaru, Yoshimi, additional, Kokubun, Chiemi, additional, Konda, Kayoko, additional, Yasui, Manabu, additional, Kurouchi, Masahito, additional, Can, Musa, additional, Shawuti, Shalima, additional, Sudo, Rieko, additional, Endo, Tamio, additional, Yasuhara, Shigeo, additional, Matsuda, Akifumi, additional, and Yoshimoto, Mamoru, additional

Published
2018
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35. Tracking within Hadronic Showers in the CALICE SDHCAL prototype using a Hough Transform Technique

Author

UCL - SST/IRMP - Institut de recherche en mathématique et physique, Dulucq, F., Cornat, R., Callier, S., Yu, D., Videau, H., Tran, T.H., Shpak, K., Rubio-Roy, M., Ruan, M., Nanni, J., Magniette, F., Haddad, Y., Gastaldi, F., Zuklin, J., Taille, Ch. de la, Zalesak, J., Vrba, V., Smolik, J., Polak, I., Kvasnicka, J., Kovalcuk, M., Janata, M., Cvach, J., Seguin-Moreau, N., Raux, L., Martin-Chassard, G., Deng, Z., Li, Y., Wang, Y., Yue, Q., Yang, Z., Boumediene, D., Carloganu, C., Français, V., Cho, G., Kim, D-W., Lee, S. C., Liu, Z., Park, W., Vallecorsa, S., Cauwenbergh, S., Tytgat, M., Pingault, A., Zaganidis, N., Bach, O., Brianne, E., Ebrahimi, A., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Hartbrich, O., Irles, A., Kotera, K., Krivan, F., Krüger, K., Lu, S., Neubüser, C., Provenza, A., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Schuwalow, S., Sudo, Y., Tran, H.L., Hirai, H., Kawagoe, K., Suehara, T., Sumida, H., Yoshioka, T., Cortina Gil, E., Mannai, S., Buridon, V., Combaret, C., Caponetto, L., Eté, R., Garillot, G., Grenier, G., Han, R., Ianigro, J.C., Kieffer, R., Kurca, T., Laktineh, I., Li, B., Lumb, N., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Petrukhin, A., Steen, A., Antequera, J. Berenguer, Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M.-C., Marin, J., Navarrete, J., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Verdugo, A., Corriveau, F., Chadeeva, M., Gabriel, M., Goecke, P., Graf, C., Israeli, Y., Kolk, N. van der, Simon, F., Szalay, M., Windel, H., Bilokin, S., Bonis, J., Pöschl, R., Thiebault, A., Richard, F., Zerwas, D., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Becheva, E., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., UCL - SST/IRMP - Institut de recherche en mathématique et physique, Dulucq, F., Cornat, R., Callier, S., Yu, D., Videau, H., Tran, T.H., Shpak, K., Rubio-Roy, M., Ruan, M., Nanni, J., Magniette, F., Haddad, Y., Gastaldi, F., Zuklin, J., Taille, Ch. de la, Zalesak, J., Vrba, V., Smolik, J., Polak, I., Kvasnicka, J., Kovalcuk, M., Janata, M., Cvach, J., Seguin-Moreau, N., Raux, L., Martin-Chassard, G., Deng, Z., Li, Y., Wang, Y., Yue, Q., Yang, Z., Boumediene, D., Carloganu, C., Français, V., Cho, G., Kim, D-W., Lee, S. C., Liu, Z., Park, W., Vallecorsa, S., Cauwenbergh, S., Tytgat, M., Pingault, A., Zaganidis, N., Bach, O., Brianne, E., Ebrahimi, A., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Hartbrich, O., Irles, A., Kotera, K., Krivan, F., Krüger, K., Lu, S., Neubüser, C., Provenza, A., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Schuwalow, S., Sudo, Y., Tran, H.L., Hirai, H., Kawagoe, K., Suehara, T., Sumida, H., Yoshioka, T., Cortina Gil, E., Mannai, S., Buridon, V., Combaret, C., Caponetto, L., Eté, R., Garillot, G., Grenier, G., Han, R., Ianigro, J.C., Kieffer, R., Kurca, T., Laktineh, I., Li, B., Lumb, N., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Petrukhin, A., Steen, A., Antequera, J. Berenguer, Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M.-C., Marin, J., Navarrete, J., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Verdugo, A., Corriveau, F., Chadeeva, M., Gabriel, M., Goecke, P., Graf, C., Israeli, Y., Kolk, N. van der, Simon, F., Szalay, M., Windel, H., Bilokin, S., Bonis, J., Pöschl, R., Thiebault, A., Richard, F., Zerwas, D., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Becheva, E., Boudry, V., and Brient, J-C.

Published
2017

36. The physical characteristics of oil palm trunk and fast growing species veneer for composite-plywood

Author

Dede Hermawan, Muhammad Yusram Massijaya, Yusuf Sudo Hadi, and S U N M Mangurai

Subjects
Horticulture, biology, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine, Palm oil, Acacia, Environmental science, Veneer, Raw material, biology.organism_classification, Trunk, Water content, Specific gravity
Abstract

Oil palm trunk waste and fast growing species has potential to be used as composite-plywood (comply) raw material. Oil palm trunk as core layer and fast growing species as face and back layers of comply. This research focusing on the raw material characteristics of comply made of fast growing species (sengon, afrika, acacia) and oil palm trunk waste. The aim of this research is to determine the physical properties of raw materials to be used as comply. The physical properties (moisture content, specific gravity and thickness variations) were determined based on British Standard (BS) 373:1957 and Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS) SE 11:2003. The research results showed that bottom and middle parts of oil palm trunk have moisture content and specific gravity values of 47%, 33% and 0.4, 0.7 respectively. Whereas, values of moisture content and specific gravity fast growing species from bottom, middle and upper parts were 54%, 47%, 35% and 0.25, 0.22, 0.24, respectively for sengon wood, 148%, 120%, 66% and 0.39, 0.32, 0.37, respectively for afrika wood, 80%, 79%, 76% and 0.59, 0.57, 0.59, respectively for acacia wood. The moisture content of fast growing species veneer for sengon, afrika, acacia were 27.32%, 32.83%, and 27.67%, respectively. Thickness variation of fast growing species veneer for sengon, afrika, acacia from bottom, middle and upper parts were 2.00, 1.96, 1.95 mm, 2.25, 2.20, 1.95 mm and 2.11, 2.09, 2.09 mm. All the above physical properties were suitable for comply raw material.

Published
2018

37. Structure-based capacitance modeling and power loss analysis for the latest high-performance slant field-plate trench MOSFET

Author

Ichiro Omura, Masaki Sudo, and Kenya Kobayashi

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Power loss, Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Field (physics), Trench mosfet, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Capacitance, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Optoelectronics, Structure based, business
Abstract

Field-plate trench MOSFETs (FP-MOSFETs), with the features of ultralow on-resistance and very low gate–drain charge, are currently the mainstream of high-performance applications and their advancement is continuing as low-voltage silicon power devices. However, owing to their structure, their output capacitance (Coss), which leads to main power loss, remains to be a problem, especially in megahertz switching. In this study, we propose a structure-based capacitance model of FP-MOSFETs for calculating power loss easily under various conditions. Appropriate equations were modeled for Coss curves as three divided components. Output charge (Qoss) and stored energy (Eoss) that were calculated using the model corresponded well to technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulation, and we validated the accuracy of the model quantitatively. In the power loss analysis of FP-MOSFETs, turn-off loss was sufficiently suppressed, however, mainly Qoss loss increased depending on switching frequency. This analysis reveals that Qoss may become a significant issue in next-generation high-efficiency FP-MOSFETs.

Published
2018

38. Ab-initiostudy on the absorption spectrum of color change sapphire based on first-principles calculations with considering lattice relaxation-effect

Author

Kazuyoshi Ogasawara, Akiho Sudo, Hikari Nagoshi, and Mega Novita

Subjects
Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, Ab initio, 02 engineering and technology, Crystal structure, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, Ion, Lattice (order), 0103 physical sciences, CASTEP, Molecular orbital, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Electronic band structure
Abstract

In this study, we performed an investigation on α-Al2O3: V3+ material, or the so-called color change sapphire, based on first-principles calculations without referring to any experimental parameter. The molecular orbital (MO) structure was estimated by the one-electron MO calculations using the discrete variational-Xα (DV-Xα) method. Next, the absorption spectra were estimated by the many-electron calculations using the discrete variational multi-electron (DVME) method. The effect of lattice relaxation on the crystal structures was estimated based on the first-principles band structure calculations. We performed geometry optimizations on the pure α-Al2O3 and with the impurity V3+ ion using Cambridge Serial Total Energy Package (CASTEP) code. The effect of energy corrections such as configuration dependence correction and correlation correction was also investigated in detail. The results revealed that the structural change on the α-Al2O3: V3+ resulted from the geometry optimization improved the calculated absorption spectra. By a combination of both the lattice relaxation-effect and the energy correction-effect improve the agreement to the experiment fact.

Published
2018

39. Investigation of biomass gasification using indonesian clay as catalyst

Author

Adiarso, Sun Yan, S. D. Sumbogo Murti, Yuta Sudo, and Reiji Noda

Subjects
inorganic chemicals, business.industry, 020209 energy, Biomass, Tar, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Pulp and paper industry, complex mixtures, 01 natural sciences, Renewable energy, Catalysis, Fluidized bed, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Alternative energy, Environmental science, Biomass gasification, business, Clay minerals, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Gasification is one of the technologies to process biomass as a renewable alternative energy source. Steam biomass gasification using various clays derived from Indonesia was carried out with laboratory scale fluidized bed reactor to evaluate the activities of clay as catalysts. At the same time to elucidated the relationship between material bed characteristics and gasification process activity. Tar capturing ability was compared for activated clay, silica sand and clay minerals derived from Indonesia by using a laboratory scale fluidized bed reactor. Even raw clay minerals were found to reduce heavy tar and water-soluble species emissions and increased carbonaceous materials deposited on the bed materials compared to activated clay. Activity of some Indonesian clay revealed high performance on the biomass gasification due to the amount of acid center.

Published
2018

41. Tracking within Hadronic Showers in the CALICE SDHCAL prototype using a Hough Transform Technique

Author

Deng, Z., primary, Li, Y., additional, Wang, Y., additional, Yue, Q., additional, Yang, Z., additional, Boumediene, D., additional, Carloganu, C., additional, Français, V., additional, Cho, G., additional, Kim, D-W., additional, Lee, S. C., additional, Liu, Z., additional, Park, W., additional, Vallecorsa, S., additional, Cauwenbergh, S., additional, Tytgat, M., additional, Pingault, A., additional, Zaganidis, N., additional, Bach, O., additional, Brianne, E., additional, Ebrahimi, A., additional, Gadow, K., additional, Göttlicher, P., additional, Hartbrich, O., additional, Irles, A., additional, Kotera, K., additional, Krivan, F., additional, Krüger, K., additional, Lu, S., additional, Neubüser, C., additional, Provenza, A., additional, Reinecke, M., additional, Sefkow, F., additional, Schuwalow, S., additional, Sudo, Y., additional, Tran, H.L., additional, Hirai, H., additional, Kawagoe, K., additional, Suehara, T., additional, Sumida, H., additional, Yoshioka, T., additional, Gil, E. Cortina, additional, Mannai, S., additional, Buridon, V., additional, Combaret, C., additional, Caponetto, L., additional, Eté, R., additional, Garillot, G., additional, Grenier, G., additional, Han, R., additional, Ianigro, J.C., additional, Kieffer, R., additional, Kurca, T., additional, Laktineh, I., additional, Li, B., additional, Lumb, N., additional, Mathez, H., additional, Mirabito, L., additional, Petrukhin, A., additional, Steen, A., additional, Antequera, J. Berenguer, additional, Alamillo, E. Calvo, additional, Fouz, M.-C., additional, Marin, J., additional, Navarrete, J., additional, Puerta-Pelayo, J., additional, Verdugo, A., additional, Corriveau, F., additional, Chadeeva, M., additional, Gabriel, M., additional, Goecke, P., additional, Graf, C., additional, Israeli, Y., additional, Kolk, N. van der, additional, Simon, F., additional, Szalay, M., additional, Windel, H., additional, Bilokin, S., additional, Bonis, J., additional, Pöschl, R., additional, Thiebault, A., additional, Richard, F., additional, Zerwas, D., additional, Anduze, M., additional, Balagura, V., additional, Becheva, E., additional, Boudry, V., additional, Brient, J-C., additional, Cornat, R., additional, Gastaldi, F., additional, Haddad, Y., additional, Magniette, F., additional, Nanni, J., additional, Ruan, M., additional, Rubio-Roy, M., additional, Shpak, K., additional, Tran, T.H., additional, Videau, H., additional, Yu, D., additional, Callier, S., additional, Dulucq, F., additional, Taille, Ch. de la, additional, Martin-Chassard, G., additional, Raux, L., additional, Seguin-Moreau, N., additional, Cvach, J., additional, Janata, M., additional, Kovalcuk, M., additional, Kvasnicka, J., additional, Polak, I., additional, Smolik, J., additional, Vrba, V., additional, Zalesak, J., additional, and Zuklin, J., additional

Published
2017
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45. Steady-state operation and high energy particle production of MeV energy in the Large Helical Device

Author

Y. Zhao, T. Mutoh, K. Nishimura, Ryuhei Kumazawa, Katsunori Ikeda, K. Nagaoka, K. Narihara, Suguru Masuzaki, Fujio Shimpo, B.J. Peterson, N. Noda, Kenji Tanaka, Masaki Osakabe, A. Komori, Y. Nagayama, N. Ashikawa, Sadayoshi Murakami, Y. Nakamura, Goro Nomura, Kazuo Kawahata, Yasuo Yoshimura, S. Morita, Masaki Nishiura, Shigeru Sudo, Hirotaka Chikaraishi, Hiroyuki Okada, Kenji Saito, J.G. Kwak, Takashi Shimozuma, Ryuichi Sakamoto, J. Miyazawa, H. Funaba, C. Takahashi, Hiroshi Kasahara, Hideya Nakanishi, Hiroshi Yamada, Motoshi Goto, Y. Takeiri, Nobuyoshi Ohyabu, Tomohiro Morisaki, Tetsuo Seki, Mitsuhiro Yokota, Yoshihide Oka, Hiroe Igami, T. Tokuzawa, Shin Kubo, Katsuyoshi Tsumori, Tomo-Hiko Watanabe, Osamu Kaneko, O. Motojima, Mamoru Shoji, H. Ogawa, K.Y. Watanabe, Katsumi Ida, Shigeru Inagaki, and Tetsuo Ozaki

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), High energy particle, Materials science, Divertor, Cyclotron, Magnetic confinement fusion, Plasma, Fusion power, Condensed Matter Physics, law.invention, Large Helical Device, Physics::Plasma Physics, law, Atomic physics
Abstract

Achieving steady-state plasma operation at high plasma temperatures is one of the important goals of worldwide magnetic fusion research. High temperatures of approximately 1–2 keV, and steady-state plasma sustainment operations have been reported. Recently the steady-state operation regime was greatly extended in the Large Helical Device (LHD). A high-temperature plasma was created and maintained for 54 min with 1.6 GJ in the 2005FY experimental programme. The three-dimensional heat-deposition profile of the LHD helical divertor was modified, and during long-pulse discharges it effectively dispersed the heat load using a magnetic axis swing technique developed at the LHD. A sweep of only 3 cm in the major radius of the magnetic axis position (less than 1% of the major radius of the LHD) was enough to disperse the divertor heat load. The steady-state plasma was heated and sustained mainly by hydrogen minority ion heating using ion cyclotron range of frequencies and partially by electron cyclotron of fundamental resonance frequency. By accumulating the small flux of charge-exchanged neutral particles during the long-pulse operation, a high energy ion tail which extended up to 1.6 MeV was observed. This is the first experimental evidence of high energetic ion confinement of MeV range in helical devices. The long-pulse operations lasted until a sudden increase in radiation loss occurred, presumably because of metal wall flakes dropping into the plasma. The sustained line-averaged electron density and temperature were approximately 0.8 × 1019 m−3and 2 keV, respectively, at a 1.3 GJ discharge (#53776) and 0.4 × 1019 m−3and 1 keV at a 1.6 GJ discharge (#66053). The average input power was 680 kW and 490 kW, and the plasma duration was 32 min and 54 min, respectively. These successful long operations show that the heliotron configuration has a high potential as a steady-state fusion reactor.

Published
2007

46. Impact of nonlocal electron heat transport on the high temperature plasmas of LHD

Author

N Tamura, S Inagaki, K Tanaka, C Michael, T Tokuzawa, T Shimozuma, S Kubo, R Sakamoto, K Ida, K Itoh, D Kalinina, S Sudo, Y Nagayama, K Kawahata, A Komori, and the LHD experimental group

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Tokamak, Materials science, Magnetic confinement fusion, Electron, Plasma, Collisionality, Condensed Matter Physics, law.invention, Large Helical Device, Physics::Plasma Physics, law, Heat transfer, Electron temperature, Atomic physics
Abstract

Edge cooling experiments with a tracer-encapsulated solid pellet in the large helical device (LHD) show a significant rise in core electron temperature (the maximum rise is around 1 keV) as well as in many tokamaks. This experimental result indicates the possible presence of the nonlocality of electron heat transport in plasmas where turbulence as a cause of anomalous transport dominates. The nonlocal electron temperature rise in the LHD takes place in almost the same parametric domain (e.g. in a low density) as in the tokamaks. Meanwhile, the experimental results of LHD show some new aspects of nonlocal electron temperature rise, for example the delay in the nonlocal rise of core electron temperature relative to the pellet penetration time increases with the increase both in the collisionality in the core plasma and the electron temperature gradient scale length in the outer region of the plasma.

Published
2007

47. Dielectric relaxation measurement and analysis of restricted water structure in rice kernels

Author

Seiichi Sudo, Naoki Shinyashiki, Shin Yagihara, Akio Inoue, Megumi Asano, and Mikio Oyama

Subjects
Materials science, Aqueous solution, Applied Mathematics, Relaxation (NMR), Analytical chemistry, Dielectric, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Time domain, Coaxial, Reflectometry, Instrumentation, Engineering (miscellaneous), Water content, Kernel (category theory)
Abstract

Dielectric relaxation measurements were performed for rice kernels by time domain reflectometry (TDR) with flat-end coaxial electrodes. Difficulties in good contact between the surfaces of the electrodes and the kernels are eliminated by a TDR set-up with a sample holder for a kernel, and the water content could be evaluated from relaxation curves. Dielectric measurements were performed for rice kernels, rice flour and boiled rice with various water contents, and the water amount and dynamic behaviour of water molecules were explained from restricted dynamics of water molecules and also from the τ–β (relaxation time versus the relaxation-time distribution parameter of the Cole–Cole equation) diagram. In comparison with other aqueous systems, the dynamic structure of water in moist rice is more similar to aqueous dispersion systems than to aqueous solutions.

Published
2007

48. Properties of the LHD plasmas with a large island—super dense core plasma and island healing

Author

K.Y. Watanabe, Y. Narushima, K. A. Tanaka, Yoshio Nagayama, Masayuki Yokoyama, J. H. Harris, Ryuichi Sakamoto, M. Shoji, S. Sudo, O. Motojima, J. Miyazawa, Yoshiki Hirooka, T. Morisaki, Takashi Shimozuma, Noriyoshi Nakajima, H. Funaba, A. Komori, Raul Sanchez, Osamu Kaneko, N. Ohyabu, Shigeru Inagaki, Suguru Masuzaki, Takashi Mutoh, K. Narihara, Kazuo Kawahata, Satoshi Ohdachi, Kimitaka Itoh, Hiroshi Yamada, Masahiro Kobayashi, B.J. Peterson, Katsumi Ida, and Satoru Sakakibara

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Core (optical fiber), Large Helical Device, Materials science, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Beta (plasma physics), Divertor, Pellets, Plasma, Radius, Condensed Matter Physics, Critical value, Molecular physics
Abstract

In local island (m/n = 1/1) divertor discharges in the large helical device a stable super dense core plasma develops when a series of pellets are injected. A core region with a density as high as 4.6 × 1020 m−3 and a temperature of 0.85 keV is maintained by an internal diffusion barrier with a very high density gradient. In a study of island dynamics, we find that an externally imposed large island (m/n = 1/1) as large as 15% of the minor radius is healed when beta at the island exceeds a critical value.

Published
2006

49. Abrupt reduction of core electron heat transport in response to edge cooling on the Large Helical Device

Author

S Inagaki, N Tamura, T Tokuzawa, K Ida, K Itoh, S V Neudatchin, K Tanaka, Y Nagayama, K Kawahata, M Yakovlev, S Sudo, and the LHD experimental group

Subjects
Materials science, Tokamak, Magnetic confinement fusion, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, law.invention, Temperature gradient, Large Helical Device, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Heat flux, Physics::Plasma Physics, law, Heat transfer, Electron temperature, Atomic physics
Abstract

Cold pulse inversion in a helical plasma is observed in the Large Helical Device (LHD) and thus the strong non-local effects are evident in the helical device as well as in tokamaks. A hydrogen pellet or tracer encapsulated solid pellet is injected into the edge of the LHD plasmas. A significant rise of the electron temperature is observed in the central region in response to the edge cooling. Transient analysis indicates a heat flux jump despite the absence of a change in the local temperature gradient. The non-local temperature rise takes place in the low density and high temperature regime just as predicted by the TFTR scaling.

Published
2006

50. Long-pulse plasma discharge on the Large Helical Device

Author

R Kumazawa, T Mutoh, K Saito, T Seki, Y Nakamura, S Kubo, T Shimozuma, Y Yoshimura, H Igami, K Ohkubo, Y Takeiri, Y Oka, K Tsumori, M Osakabe, K Ikeda, K Nagaoka, O Kaneko, J Miyazawa, S Morita, K Narihara, M Shoji, S Masuzaki, M Kobayashi, H Ogawa, M Goto, T Morisaki, B.J Peterson, K Sato, T Tokuzawa, N Ashikawa, K Nishimura, H Funaba, H Chikaraishi, T Watari, T Watanabe, M Sakamoto, M Ichimura, Y Takase, T Notake, N Takeuchi, Y Torii, F Shimpo, G Nomura, C Takahashi, M Yokota, A Kato, Y Zhao, J.G Kwak, J.S Yoon, H Yamada, K Kawahata, N Ohyabu, K Ida, Y Nagayama, N Noda, A Komori, S Sudo, O Motojima, and LHD experiment group

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, Magnetic confinement fusion, Penetration (firestop), Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, Ion, Neon, Large Helical Device, chemistry, Impurity, Atomic physics, Pulse-width modulation
Abstract

A long-pulse plasma discharge of more than 30 min duration was achieved on the Large Helical Device (LHD). A plasma of ne = 0.8 × 1019 m−3 and Ti0 = 2.0 keV was sustained with PICH = 0.52 MW, PECH = 0.1 MW and averaged PNBI = 0.067 MW. The total injected heating energy was 1.3 GJ. One of the keys to the success of the experiment was a dispersion of the local plasma heat load to divertors, accomplished by sweeping the magnetic axis inward and outward. Causes limiting the long pulse plasma discharge are discussed. An ion impurity penetration limited further long-pulse discharge in the 8th experimental campaign (2004).

Published
2006

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