1. Photometry of the Didymos System across the DART Impact Apparition
- Author
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Nicholas Moskovitz, Cristina Thomas, Petr Pravec, Tim Lister, Tom Polakis, David Osip, Theodore Kareta, Agata Rożek, Steven R. Chesley, Shantanu P. Naidu, Peter Scheirich, William Ryan, Eileen Ryan, Brian Skiff, Colin Snodgrass, Matthew M. Knight, Andrew S. Rivkin, Nancy L. Chabot, Vova Ayvazian, Irina Belskaya, Zouhair Benkhaldoun, Daniel N. Berteşteanu, Mariangela Bonavita, Terrence H. Bressi, Melissa J. Brucker, Martin J. Burgdorf, Otabek Burkhonov, Brian Burt, Carlos Contreras, Joseph Chatelain, Young-Jun Choi, Matthew Daily, Julia de León, Kamoliddin Ergashev, Tony Farnham, Petr Fatka, Marin Ferrais, Stefan Geier, Edward Gomez, Sarah Greenstreet, Hannes Gröller, Carl Hergenrother, Carrie Holt, Kamil Hornoch, Marek Husárik, Raguli Inasaridze, Emmanuel Jehin, Elahe Khalouei, Jean-Baptiste Kikwaya Eluo, Myung-Jin Kim, Yurij Krugly, Hana Kučáková, Peter Kušnirák, Jeffrey A. Larsen, Hee-Jae Lee, Cassandra Lejoly, Javier Licandro, Penélope Longa-Peña, Ronald A. Mastaler, Curtis McCully, Hong-Kyu Moon, Nidia Morrell, Arushi Nath, Dagmara Oszkiewicz, Daniel Parrott, Liz Phillips, Marcel M. Popescu, Donald Pray, George Pantelimon Prodan, Markus Rabus, Michael T. Read, Inna Reva, Vernon Roark, Toni Santana-Ros, James V. Scotti, Taiyo Tatara, Audrey Thirouin, David Tholen, Volodymyr Troianskyi, Andrew F. Tubbiolo, and Katelyn Villa
- Subjects
Near-Earth objects ,Asteroids ,Small Solar System bodies ,Astronomy ,QB1-991 - Abstract
On 2022 September 26, the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft impacted Dimorphos, the satellite of binary near-Earth asteroid (65803) Didymos. This demonstrated the efficacy of a kinetic impactor for planetary defense by changing the orbital period of Dimorphos by 33 minutes. Measuring the period change relied heavily on a coordinated campaign of lightcurve photometry designed to detect mutual events (occultations and eclipses) as a direct probe of the satellite’s orbital period. A total of 28 telescopes contributed 224 individual lightcurves during the impact apparition from 2022 July to 2023 February. We focus here on decomposable lightcurves, i.e., those from which mutual events could be extracted. We describe our process of lightcurve decomposition and use that to release the full data set for future analysis. We leverage these data to place constraints on the postimpact evolution of ejecta. The measured depths of mutual events relative to models showed that the ejecta became optically thin within the first ∼1 day after impact and then faded with a decay time of about 25 days. The bulk magnitude of the system showed that ejecta no longer contributed measurable brightness enhancement after about 20 days postimpact. This bulk photometric behavior was not well represented by an HG photometric model. An HG _1 G _2 model did fit the data well across a wide range of phase angles. Lastly, we note the presence of an ejecta tail through at least 2023 March. Its persistence implied ongoing escape of ejecta from the system many months after DART impact.
- Published
- 2024
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