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Pyrolysis process consists of two-stages in integration aims to carbon purification, evaporates volatile compounds so that it enlarges the pore diameter, and increases the surface area of the activated carbon. This research was used Veitchia Merilli seed (VMS) waste by optimizing the stages-carbonization to obtain a high specific capacitance. Initial preparation begins with the pre-carbonization process at a temperature of 200°C, the activated carbon powder is converted into a monolith form using a Hydraulic Press and followed by a pyrolysis process in the stages-carbonization with temperature variations of 500°C, 600°C, and 700°C and the stages-physical activation at temperature of 800°C. The results showed that the thermal resistance temperature of the carbon powder was 287°C. The lowest density value occurs in the VMS-600 sample of 0.591 gr/cm3 and Microstructure analysis shows that the carbon electrode is amorphous which is characterized by the presence of peaks at 2θ angles around 24° and 44° with the highest Lc value of 15.069 nm, with the highest specific capacitance value of the supercapacitor cell of 210,442 F/g. Temperature 600°C is the optimum temperature carbonization in the process fabrication of carbon electrodes from VMS waste for supercapacitor cell application.

The bench was developed in the Laboratory of Hydraulic Devices at the Department of Oil Field Machines and Equipment, which allows creating conditions close to the bottomhole conditions of any well. Laboratory-experimental studies conducted at the bench included two stages: a) study of output parameters and the corresponding selection of optimal design parameters of the developed devices; b) study of the influence of pressure and frequency of fluid pulses on the penetration of working fluid in sand samples.

Uncertainty in geological and geophysical data affects the estimation of hydrocarbon reserves. To reduce the uncertainty, risk analysis can be performed, one of which by using Monte Carlo simulation. The purpose of this study is to estimate the volumetric reserves of petroleum using the Monte Carlo simulation. This research was conducted in the case of offshore in Kalimantan, Indonesia. There are two stages in this study, first analysing the reservoir zones to obtain rock property values used for estimation of reserves, second is calculating the probabilities by simulating random values based on their distribution and estimating hydrocarbon reserves based on these probability calculations. In addition, both stages need to be carried out as a basis for making effective decisions on the drill prospects.

Compared to single-stage organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems, cascaded ORC systems, in which a high-temperature topping cycle and low-temperature bottoming cycle are coupled together, could have advantages in terms of removing the potential for sub-atmospheric condensation conditions and improving expander performance as the expansion process is effectively divided across two stages. Moreover, reducing the expansion volume ratio could facilitate the use of volumetric expanders, such as twin-screw expanders, which, in turn, could facilitate two-phase expansion to be utilised in one, or both, of the cycles. The aim of this paper is to compare single-stage and cascaded ORC systems, accounting for the effect of the expander volume ratio on expander performance. To investigate this, thermodynamic models for single-stage and cascaded ORC systems are developed, which include variable efficiency expander models for both radial turbines and twin-screw expanders that can estimate the effect of the expansion volume ratio on the expander isentropic efficiency. Using this model, three different scenarios are compared for different temperature heat-source temperatures, namely: (i) single-stage ORC systems with vapour-phase expansion obtained using a turboexpander; (ii) single-stage ORC systems operating with a twin-screw expander, with the possibility for two-phase expansion; and (iii) cascaded cycles with either vapour- or two-phase expansion. The results from this comparison are used to identify applications where cascaded ORC systems could offer performance benefits.

In this study, two S0 particle packed reactors were constructed to explore the influence of alkalinity content on S0-based autotrophic denitrification (SAD) with nitrate and nitrite as electron acceptors respectively. As a result of the comparative experiment, when the alkalinity of influent is sufficient (HCO3 -: NO3 - mole ratio > 1.5:1), NO3 --N and NO2 --N reactor both showed high removal efficiency. But when the HCO3 -: NO3 - mole ratio decreased to 0.2:1, the average removal rate of NO3 --N decreased to 31%, and NO2 --N average removal rate still maintained at 95%. Based on the results, the reduction of alkalinity can significantly reduce the nitrate removal efficiency, but has little effect on the nitrite removal efficiency. This study further explained the characteristics of alkalinity consumption of the two stage of SAD and may provide a reference for future research.

Mulia University is a private university that carries the slogan “Global Technopreneur Campus” with a total of 1631 students per August 2019. Mulia University has two campuses for learning support. The first one is Balikpapan Main Campus, and the other one is Samarinda Campus. The data to be used in this research is a prototype. Then, will be analyzed by Business Intelligent. Business intelligence is a series of processes to get information easily from large and complex data. In this research has been conducted two stages of analysis, which is data collection techniques and data analysis techniques on prospective student data. The application that is used in this research is Microsoft Power Business Intelligence. By using Microsoft Power Business Intelligent, it is expected to simplify the management of student admission reports, as well as decision making and to determine future strategies. The results of this research are data visualization information reports about student admission.

This paper intends to study the layout of emergency centers in the chemical park in two stages. First, a multi-agent collaborative location model is established to find out the sites of emergency centers. Second, DEA method is adopted to evaluate the efficiency of the existing reserve structure of each center, along with the optimization suggestions for the inefficient center. Finally, the safety system of the chemical park is improved by the combination of the location model and the DEA.

This article is devoted to the semantic analysis of weakly structured information in the field of “Artificial intelligence and information security”. The methodology of this research included two stages and is based on the meta-analysis of existing studies. The received results allow development of further methodological recommendations on semi-structured information and artificial intelligence.

Learning resources are very important in learning physics, then, the purpose of this study is to develop e modules with the STEM approach to stimulate students’ HOTS on Dynamic Fluid. The research method used is the research and development (R&D) with ADDIE models which have five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The first two stages of this article will be reported analysis and design stage. The instrument used was a product needs analysis questionnaire and the practitioner validation sheet using a Likert scale. The data needs analysis phase was sourced from high school level students and physics teachers in Lampung province. The validators of product design are professional physics teachers with the Masters in Physics Education qualifications. Google form as a media for data collection is then analyzed using descriptive quantitative. The results showed that the E-Module to stimulate HOTS on dynamic fluid material was highly needed. E-module that have the potential to stimulate HOTS in dynamic fluid material consist of seven learning activity that contain the STEM component. In conclusion, E-Module based on STEM dynamic fluid material has the potential to simulate students’ HOTS.

This paper introduces technology for detecting bearing damage to the 3-phase induction machine that is divided into two stages. In the first stage, the stator current signal (iq) is decomposed by adopting (DWT) and extract RMS values of the current signal (iq). The second stage is to enter the external RMS values of the stator current signal (iq) into the trained artificial neural network to detect these defects. With this mechanism, One can protect the induction motor from damage. This is done by using a simulation program simulink/MATLAB2019. The computed results show that better performance can be achieved using such a technique.

An experimental study was conducted using two compact heat exchangers (air-cooled) to improve indoor air conditions in Iraq summer weather. The layout of the rig is constructed in such a way that the air flows through a two-stage direct/indirect cooling system to minimize the high air temperature. The water in the basin of the unit was then unitized to the second stage as a working fluid. The findings showed that the temperature could be changed to a point 13% lower than that achieved by the standard design at an affordable cost and in an environmentally appropriate manner. The difference in the humidity ratio was also comparatively reduced with respect to the original discharge from the evaporative cooler alone, as the new system eliminates only sensible heat. This new design, is well-suited to hot and dry conditions where the cost of the air conditioning system based on refrigerants is high, the percentage increase in the overall effectiveness is about 25%.

The article presents results and analysis of noise measurements in passenger compartments of public transport buses. Ten Solaris Urbino 12 m buses were selected for performing the measurements, including five buses with an automatic 4-speed transmission and five with a 6-speed transmission. The research related to the assessment of the acoustic climate in buses was conducted in two stages: in the first stage surveys were carried out, which were then followed by field study in the second stage. The aim of the performed research was to identify places inside the bus with potentially high sound levels and then a real assessment of the noise affecting passengers. The survey aimed at the assessment of vibroacoustic comfort in buses while driving. The questions answered by the respondents concerned places inside the vehicle and vehicle movement phases, during which noise and vibration are the strongest. Additionally, the respondents made a subjective assessment of noise and vibration inside the bus while driving. The filed study was conducted with 10 measuring microphones placed in the passenger compartment of the bus and consisted in simultaneous recording of sound levels and the speed at which the bus moved. The study was carried out at a standstill and while driving. The conducted measurements allowed the identification of the highest and lowest sound levels in the vehicle at a standstill and while driving.

Gene Regulatory Networks (GRN) are complicated govern systems, that refers to the intercommunication of genes and it also helps to understand and visualize all the biological interconnections. Reconstruction of GRN helps in finding out various hidden facts that can be helpful in solving various complexities related to living life, curing many diseases and inventing new drugs for the humans. There are number of computational methods available in literature for reconstructing GRNs. In this paper, a method is proposed for reconstructing GRN i.e. based upon Bayesian network. The mentioned method in this paper is considered as one of the most capable method for reconstructing GRN. The proposed method functions in two stages. In its first stage, there is two level clustering is employed to diminish the size of given dataset. In its second stage, Bayesian Network will be utilized to reconstruct the network for the sub-clusters that are gained from the first stage. The proposed method is also validated and evaluated using different parameters.

Currently, there is a lack of adequate standards for evaluating the integrity inspection cycle of polyethylene (PE) gas pipelines. In this study, a series of photo-oxidation accelerated-aging experimental tests for PE80 gas pipe samples were performed. The attenuation laws of several critical performance parameters, such as micro-morphology, tensile strength, and thermal stability tests, were established. These parameters were determined at different aging times. A novel comprehensive performance evaluation method for pipeline integrity was developed using the analytic hierarchy process, and a reasonable inspection period for pipeline integrity was identified. The results showed that the samples experienced two stages of aging: rapid aging stage and aging platform stage. During the rapid aging stage, the comprehensive evaluation index for the aging performance decreased rapidly. However, the comprehensive evaluation index for the aging performance remained almost unchanged during the aging platform stage.

In the present investigation the influence of two stages artificial ageing, 1st stage at 160°C followed by 2nd stage at 140°C on microstructure and mechanical properties of LM 25 alloy was studied. It is observed that the microstructure changed under the influence of two stages ageing. It is also observed that the decrease in ageing temperature in the second stage, increases mechanical properties of the alloy. The tensile strength of the alloy in single stage ageing at 160°C is studied and compared with two stages ageing.

Smart parking system becomes essential nowadays specially in urban area because it can reduce the time and the fuel wasted in searching for an empty parking slot. The aim of this paper is to develop smart parking system based on improved Optical Character Recognition (OCR) model. The proposed system consists of three stages: 1) OCR based parking slot detection, 2) User notification based on IoT approach, 3) Smart parking meter based on Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). In this system, the vacant parking slots are detected using improved OCR model by labeling the parking slots with specific characters. The system identifies empty parking slots by detecting these characters with installed camera above the parking slots, otherwise the parking slots are occupied. The performance of the proposed OCR model in detecting these characters is enhanced by considering two stages of advanced morphology filter to remove unwanted small/large objects from the image. The accuracy of the proposed OCR model is tested by eight images having different parking street textures as a background and characters written with seven font styles. The idea of detecting empty parking spaces is to share the number of vacancies on a website for the drivers searching for a parking space. However, a time-controlled parking system with different charge rate each hour can be considered to make the best utilization of parking spaces available in urban areas. Therefore, a smart parking meter is proposed to notify the user through Email about the time left that allowed to be parked and the change in charge rate. The proposed system is developed and implemented using vision assistant of LabView.

Surimi is a myofibril protein that is stabilized from the fish flesh, which is mechanically removed, washed with water and mixed with cryoprotectant. The yield of milkfish surimi is quite high at 58.72%, but the strength value of the gel is still not good, while the important quality attribute of a surimi product is its elastic texture in terms of the strength of the surimi gel. One technique to increase the formation of surimi gel is by adding the transglutaminase enzyme. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of enzyme addition on the physicochemical properties of surimi. The research design consisted of two treatments, namely without enzymes and with the addition of enzymes 0.1 units/g surimi. The research method consisted of two stages, namely preparation of making surimi and surimi gel processing. Observation parameters included gel strength, whiteness, moisture content, and pH. The best research results obtained were the addition of enzymes with physicochemical properties of gel strength (3795 g.cm), whiteness (78.90), moisture content (76.70%), and pH (6.35). The treatment of adding enzymes significantly affected the strength of the gel and the moisture content but did not significantly influenced the whiteness and pH.

Duo to limited energy of the sensor nodes which forming the wireless sensor network (WSN), and almost deployed in harsh environment, therefore it is very important to minimize the consumption of the sensor node’s energy. For this reasons designing an energy efficient clustering and scheduling of sensor nodes considered the most efficient methods for extending the WSN’s lifetime. In this paper, we have proposed Genetic algorithm based methods for clustering and scheduling. The proposed methods have two stages; in the first stage GA is used for cluster formation where the chromosome is represented by using the sensor node’s position. While in the second stage GA is used for selecting a minimum number of nodes while maintaining the full coverage and the connectivity of the selected nodes. The simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm (AGA) is more efficient than the existent algorithms in terms of number of first node die per round, number of a live nodes, and energy consumption.

The purpose of this study is to improve student learning outcomes using PBL-based PAPROLIN teaching aids on linear program material. This research is research reseach and development (RnD). Then the object in this study is the PAPROLIN teaching aids and the PAPROLIN teaching aids manual, lesson plans and instruments used for research. Data collection techniques in the form of student response questionnaires, product validation by experts, subject teachers and learning outcomes tests. The results of the PAPROLIN teaching aid guidebook assessment by material experts are a total score of 89 with an average value of 44.5 in the range of 74.76

The aim of this study was to find out the application of Heatsynch protocol in overcome the delayed puberty of dairy heifers that suffered from infertility. This study was conducted at small dairy farms in Sub-district of Cendana, Enrekang Regency, Indonesia. The study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, a total of 50 dairy heifers were used to determine the percentage of heifers that experienced delay in puberty. In the second stage, 20 dairy heifers with delayed puberty were divided into two groups. The first group, 10 dairy heifers were treated with Heatsynch and the other 10 dairy heifers were used as negative control (without Heatsynch). For control positive, 10 dairy heifers that did not suffered from delayed puberty were used. In Heatsynch treated dairy heifers, GnRH were injected on day-0, followed by PGF2α, estradiol injections on day-7 and day-8, respectively, and inseminated artificially on day-9. The results of this study showed that the percentage of dairy heifers that experienced in delayed puberty was 44%. The mean age at first pregnant after treated with Heatsynch was 545 days, shorter than those heifers in control negative (644 days). The percentage of dairy heifers become pregnant after treating with Heatsynch was 80%, higher than those untreated delayed puberty heifers (50%). It can be concluded that the incidence of delayed puberty in dairy heifers was still high. Heatsynch protocol can be one way that can be used to overcome the problem of delayed puberty in dairy heifers and to improve reproductive efficiency.

Vibration devices with asymmetric oscillations can consist of two or more stages of vibrators with directed vibrations. Component stages of a vibration device with asymmetric oscillations have multiple frequencies of rotation of the imbalanced shafts. The multiplicity of rotation frequencies of the imbalanced shafts of the vibrator’s stages with directed vibrators in a vibration device with asymmetric oscillations is imperative. In this case, the parameters of the total asymmetric oscillation depend entirely on the ratio of the static moments of the imbalances of the stages included in the vibratory device. The simplest vibration device with asymmetric oscillations is a device consisting of two stages of vibrators with directed vibrations. The article is devoted to the question of the influence of the ratio of the vibration device’s two stages’ imbalances’ static moments with asymmetric oscillations on the system amplification factor.

This study aims to develop self-regulated learning of Industrial Engineering students through Minitab software-based teaching materials. This is done because there is no Minitab software-based instructional material to develop student self-regulated learning. The importance of self-regulated learning in students has developed instructional materials for instructional materials that are able to develop student self-regulated learning. The products of this study produce instructional materials in the form of student worksheets. The research method uses 4D development, namely: 1) Define, develop problem analysis and potential, 2) Design, make the initial product (prototype) product design tailored to existing needs and potential, 3) Development, in two stages: expert appraisal and developmental testing, 4) Disseminate, do validation testing. After expert trials, instructional materials were in the decent category (80%) and could be used as teaching materials for supporting lectures.

Previous studies on destination image have attempted to capture the differences in destination perceive image between the before and after trips. However, not much study has focused on the during-visit perceived image. This is crucial as to how the tourists actually experience the destination is when they actually visit the destination. The study aims to explore the actual image and image changes at each stage perceived by tourists. A total of 384 international tourists participated in the study involving two stages, using questionnaire and VEP techniques in Kuala Lumpur (KL). Volunteer Employed Photographer (VEP) techniques were used in capturing affective elements of the destination. Finding shows that international tourists perceived KL differently before and during visitation. Before visitation, cognitive and affective images of tourists differed according to their demography, information sources, and travel characteristic. Elements of expenditure and food were dominant in the cognitive images while culture, expenditure, and food were dominant in the affective images perceived by tourists before visiting city. Acknowledging the image changes helps in understanding the tourist preferences and loyalty towards the destination.

The aim of this work was to produce glucose from sugarcane waste. It consists of high cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin which enables to be converted into a glucose production. Three conditions of acid hydrolysis was measured by using One Factor at a Time (OFAT) which consist of sulphuric acid concentration, retention time and temperature. The highest yield and optimum conditions from OFAT parameters were further continue with the enzymatic hydrolysis by using Central Composite Design (CCD). The optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis for the conversion of cellulose to glucose was conducted by using three independent variables which were pH, temperature and enzyme dosage. Based on the data of Design of Expert (DOE) software from optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis, the optimum glucose production was determined by using Dinitrosalicylic Acid Reagent (DNS) method.

A two-stage thermal upgrading process with the addition of 10 wt.% sodium sulfate and sodium chloride followed by magnetic separation was conducted for treatment low-grade nickeliferous laterite ore to produce a ferronickel product. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of reduction temperature and holding time in two-stage thermal upgrading process, which was carried out from 950°C to 1150°C for 30 to 90 minutes, into the grade and recovery of nickel also the morphology of ferronickel particle. A wet magnetic separation with 500 gauss magnet was conducted to produce ferronickel in concentrate. Increasing the reduction temperature of nickel laterite increased the nickel grade and recovery. The nickel grade and recovery also increased along with the longer holding time in the reduction process. Nevertheless, it decreased the iron recovery.

As the source of nutrition in food, the product of rice vinegar also has advantages as anti-diabetes, anti-oxidation, anti-cholesterol and anti-bacterial which contribute to health. For the current research, the fermentation of black glutinous rice for producing rice vinegar used microbes contained in yeast tape and acetic acid bacteria (BAA). To get high-quality vinegar products, two stages of the optimization process are carried out. The first process is the fermentation process for the production of alcohol using yeast from tapai and the second process is a fermentation process for the production of acetic acid using Acetobacter aceti. The products are analyzed for their physicochemical and functional properties. Vinegar produced in the processes contained 52.04 g/L acetic acid, 21.83% anthocyanin level, 1844.72 (GAE mg / L) total phenolic and 92.71% DPPH inhibition.

Perform URL detection on the three major systems of the power grid, and obtain the program for the detection results. The whole process of the project has gone through two stages, namely the original program construction and the optimized program construction. The original program was built in a cluster with 918 menus and 36 ips and ports. Since there is not a proper number of threads, a large number of URLs are waiting in serial during URL detection; the final data is exported to excel, resulting in The detection of the cluster resources is wasted, the total length of the probe is about 35 minutes; the optimized program adds enough threads, and the data is exported to the excel mode, the data is exported to the log file through the log framework, and finally A total of 2 minutes, the efficiency increased by 1650%.

Mercury is a heavy metal that has the highest toxicity. The toxicity of mercury will increase at the time of entry into the water. This study aims to determine the percentage of death Tubifex tubifex exposed to HgCl2 and determine LC50-48 hours of mercury in Tubifex tubifex worms. The study was divided into two stages, preliminary test and definitive toxicity acute test (LC50-48 h). Concentrations are used to test toxicities on a logarithmic scale. Observations were made every 24 hours for 48 hours. Mercury was detected by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) method. The results showed that the increase in Tubifex tubifex mortality was directly proportional to the increase in HgCl2 concentration. The use of probit obtained LC50-48 h at a mercury concentration of 83.15 ± 3.89 μg / L, can be categorized into heavy metals with high toxicity. The tendency of toxicity decreases with the length of exposure time.

Detecting actions in untrimmed sequences is an important yet challenging task. In this paper, we innovatively transform the temporal action detection issue into the object detection issue. Our method allows for real-time detection and end-to-end training. It consists of two stages. Firstly, we propose an idea to represent action sequences as images as well as preserving the original temporal dynamics and spatial structure information. Secondly, based on such description, we design a one-dimensional YOLO network to detect human action. In addition, we make a dataset for skeleton based temporal action detection. Experiments on our dataset demonstrate the superiority of our method.

This study aims to develop participatory GIS applications for village resource mapping decisions. This study consists of two stages, the first stage is mapping village resources using Quantum GIS and Tableu server software, and the second stage is collaborative decision making modeling using the borda voting method. The results showed that there were 67 potential resource points that could be mapped in the Sumbersari village area. Decision making to determine the priority ranking of the village resource potential that will be developed, can involve community representatives and collaborate with the village government.

This study aims to find out how to develop student’s critical thinking skills through problem-based learning. Single-case single-side case design was selected as the method of this study and a lecture was involved to carry out the classroom instruction. The data were collected through observations, interviews, and document analyses. The findings suggest that the development of mathematical critical thinking skills using problem-based learning was performed in two stages: (i) controversial issues and (ii) active debate. Our study confirms that problem-based learning is an effective alternative to develop university student’s critical thinking skills in mathematics.

The instructional materials which are distributed in schools are not developed to facilitate the students' abilities, instead of only consisting of concepts with suitable formulas and the questions without solutions. Based on the problem, the aim of the research is to develop an instructional material in the form of the module which can facilitate the students' mathematical reasoning. The research used the development model design of Dick and Carey consisting of nine steps. The module was developed with problem-based learning model in the circle lesson and was evaluated in the validity test. The validity test was examined by four validators dealing with content, construct, language and technique. The module was evaluated in two stages consisting of small and big group tests by students of Senior High School 10 Pekanbaru. After having learned with the developed module, students were tested to solve the problems to know their mathematical reasoning. The results were that the developed problem-based learning module is valid (94.21%) and practical (88.85%), and the students' reasoning test is high (88.97%). So, it is concluded that the developed module can facilitate the students' mathematical reasoning.

Recently, revolution 4.0 has become a major topic in various aspects. One of them is in education. Education is the first key to facing revolution 4.0 through digital learning. in the form of schoology needs to be applied to facilitate and foster the Digital learning students' motivation. This research is a Research and Development (R&D) research using Borg and Gall procedures. The results of material experts, media experts, and teachers validation reached very reasonable criteria. Then, the mobile learning with schoology applications was tested through two stages: small group trials and field trials in Junior High School. The result showed that it reached very reasonable interpretation criteria and could foster the students' interest in learning science.

Benthik is one of the local wisdom from DI Yogyakarta that consisted of two stages namely uthat and ilar. Benthik can explain various content of physics through Multimedia Learning Modules (MLMs). This research aims to determine the needs of students and teachers toward MLMs based on benthik local wisdom to provide students' physics initial knowledge. The research used survey method. Data collection instruments used were questionnaires of students needs and interview. Research subjects consisted of 140 senior high school (SHS) students and 3 physics teachers. Research subjects were choosen by purposive sampling. The questionnaires were analyzed by percentage and the result of interview analyzed descriptively. The questionnaire contains about physics learning in schools, physics textbooks used, learning based on local wisdom, the use of technology in learning, and the media needed in learning. The result show that 99,28% of students need or very need MLMs based on benthik local wisdom. This condition is supported by the interview that showed teachers need MLMs because the students prefer to use multimedia technology than textbook. It means that students and teachers need Multimedia Learning Modules (MLMs) based on benthik local wisdom to provide students' physics initial knowledge.

Introductory physics courses for future physics teachers serve various, often quite "divergent" purposes. On one hand, they should present physics at university level, using mathematical tools like integrals, differential equations, tensors etc. with sufficient degree of exactness. On the other hand, they should develop conceptual understanding, physics insight and "intuition", skills necessary for doing experiments etc. Often, the development of such conceptual understanding and necessary skills is aimed also "at university level", assuming that students know the basics from secondary schools and have some experience with at least elementary experiments. Moreover, it is often assumed that students themselves will see the link between "secondary school physics" and "university physics". However, often this is not the case and future teachers complain that there is a large gap between physics at those two stages. To help students reduce this gap we created two optional seminars: Electricity and magnetism step by step and Optics step by step. These seminars give students better understanding of physical concepts as well as some basic methodical comments for their future work with pupils. Both seminars are based on the methodology of the Heureka Project (Dvorakova 2013a). In this article we would like to present our experience with both seminars.

According to the structural mechanics model of gob-side roadway retaining overlying strata, the paper analyzed the deformation characteristics of surrounding rock and the stress characteristics of filling body in the two stages and obtained the basic requirements for roadside filling body to keep the stability of gob-side roadway retaining as follows. The ultimate bearing capacity of filling body should enough to cutting off the key bock B beside the goaf, and has a large deformation capacity during overlying strata movement and a high post-strength after stability of overlying strata movement. Based on above investigations and the geological conditions of W1305 panel in Gaohe coal mine, a new roadside support method named as pier column which is built with high-water material is innovatively proposed in this study. The site test showed that after the roof strata above the gob-side roadway retaining were stability, the surrounding rock of the roadway retaining and the pier column would be stabilized and the deformation value would be small. All these research results could have certain guidance to the practices of gob-side roadway retaining.

The high demand and public sensitivity of packaging products need the emergence of various packaging for fresh fruit and vegetables. One of the packaging that can be applied is smart packaging. The aimed of this study was to make smart packaging indicator that can be applied to mangoes. The benefits of this research were to facilitate the consumer to know the quality of the fruit and to promote in choosing the fruit according to freshness or desired maturity without damaging the packaging. The research was carried out in the following two stages: preparation of solution as bacterial growth medium Acetobacter xylinum, (incubated for 14 days) and making colour indicator and application to smart packaging. The results showed that long immersion of bacterial cellulose with bromophenol blue solution was 24 hours and temperature of ± 30 °C. The colour indicator that has been applied to the packaging changed from blue to green colour for over-ripe product, which can be visible to the naked eye. The colour change of the indicators reflects the pH of the mango packaging. It was also in similar trends to the change of several parameters (total acid, and soluble solids content (SSC)) that was typically used to characterize the freshness of mango. In general, this indicator can be used as smart packaging.

Task scheduling is critical in heterogeneous systems especially with the huge number of tasks transmitted over grid causing system delay. Since heuristics are proposing methods for solving heterogeneous computing systems, several techniques were proposed for the scheduling on grid computing systems to get better execution time. In this paper, a proposed new heuristic algorithm named Two Stages Tasks Transfer (TSTT) algorithm to enhance Tenacious Penalty Based scheduling (TPB) algorithm. Heterogeneous Computing Scheduling Problem (HCSP) mathematical model has been used, where the independent tasks assigned to heterogeneous machines with different characteristics. Twelve datasets with different heterogeneity level examined using different heuristic algorithms to compare the performance with our proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm showed its efficiency in term of makespan, resource utilization metrics for set of tasks.

Assessment instruments that is commonly used in the school generally have not been orientated on critical thinking skills. The purpose of this research is to develop assessment instruments to measure critical thinking skills, to test validity, reliability, and practicality. This type of research is Research and Development. There are two stages on the preface step, which are field study and literacy study. On the development steps, there some parts, which are 1) instrument construction, 2) expert validity, 3) limited scale tryout and 4) narrow scale try-out. The developed assessment instrument are analysis essay and problem solving. Instruments were declared valid, reliable and practical.

Deep tracking has been illustrating overwhelming superiorities over the shallow methods. Unfortunately, it also suffers from low FPS rates. To alleviate the problem, a number of real-time deep trackers have been proposed via removing the online updating procedure on the CNN model. However, the absent of the online update leads to a significant drop on tracking accuracy. In this work, we propose to perform the domain adaptation for visual tracking in two stages for transferring the information from the visual tracking domain and the instance domain respectively. In this way, the proposed visual tracker achieves comparable tracking accuracy to the state-of-the-art trackers and runs at real-time speed on an average consuming GPU.

The producer of the biggest B3 waste is hospital. The waste is from medical and laboratory activities. The purpose of this study is to determine the elements contained in the liquid waste from hospital and calculate the levels of these elements. This research was done by analysis of the neutron activation conducted at BATAN Yogyakarta. The neutron activation analysis is divided into two stages: activation of the samples using neutron sources of reactor Kartini, then chopping by using a set of tools, gamma spectrometer with HPGe detector. Qualitative and quantitative analysis were done by matching the gamma spectrum peak to the Neutron Activation Table. The sample was taken from four points of the liquid waste treatment plant (WWTP) Bhakti Wira Tamtama Semarang hospital. The results showed that the samples containing elements of Cr, Zn, Fe, Co, and Na, with the levels of each element is Cr (0.033 - 0.075) mg/L, Zn (0.090 - 1.048) mg/L, Fe (2.937-37.743) mg/L, Co (0.005-0.023) mg/L, and Na (61.088-116.330) mg/L. Comparing to the standard value, the liquid is safe to the environment.

This research aims to obtaining the solutions (if any) from the Non Linear Diophantine equation of 11 x + 13 y = z 2. There are 3 possibilities to obtain the solutions (if any) from the Non Linear Diophantine equation, namely single, multiple, and no solution. This research is conducted in two stages: (1) by utilizing simulation to obtain the solutions (if any) from the Non Linear Diophantine equation of 11 x + 13 y = z 2 and (2) by utilizing congruency theory with its characteristics proven that the Non Linear Diophantine equation has no solution for non negative whole numbers (integers) of x, y, z.

The purpose of this research describes the effect of scientific methods designed by argumentation in maintaining retention of pre-service physics teachers (students) in mechanical concept. This learning consists of five stages including the first two stages namely observing and questioning. While the next three stages of reasoning, trying, and communicating are made of argumentation design. To know the effectiveness of treatment, students are given pre-test and post-test in one time. On the other hand, students were given advanced post-test to know the durability of retention as many as four times in four months. The results show that there was mean difference between pre-test and post-test based on the Wilcoxon test (z = -3.4, p=0.001). While the effectiveness of treatment is in the high category based on normalized gain values ( = 0.86). Meanwhile, mean difference of all post-test is significantly different based on Analysis of Varian (F = 365.63, p = 0.00). However, in the fourth month, students retention rates began to stabilize based on Tuckey's HSD (p=0.074) for comparison of mean difference between fourth and fifth post-test. Overall, learning designed can maintain students retention within 4 months after the learning finish.

The free beta subunit of human-chorionic-gonadotropin (hCGbeta) is critical for various aspects of human health. Detection and quantification of this protein are essential during pregnancy as it provides clinicians valuable information regarding the progress of a pregnancy and the health of a foetus. Furthermore, it can be used as a biomarker for gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), germ cell tumours and some non-trophoblastic gynaecological cancers and common epithelial tumours. Monitoring hCGbeta levels is particularly important for patient treatment monitoring and relapse detection especially in GTD. This paper presents an investigation of the characteristics of the first two stages necessary for the development of a bio-impedance hCGbeta sensor, using impedance spectroscopy and commercially available microelectrodes. Additionally, electrical equivalent circuit models based on the experimental results of these stages are presented. The biosensor is based on the formation of stable antibody-antigen complexes on golden microband electrodes covered with a layer of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) or with both SAM and protein G. The preliminary results and analysis relate the interfacial processes and physical structure of the sensor to its electrical behaviour. Finally, preliminary results obtained from the sensor without protein G, which strongly indicate hCGbeta detection, are also presented.

We have studied the growth temperature dependence of the interfacial reaction of Heusler-alloy Co2FeSi/GaAs(0 0 1) hybrid structures. The reaction proceeds dominantly by Co in-diffusion, resulting in the formation of isolated grains in the GaAs substrate starting at the growth temperature TG of 200–250 °C. The interfacial reaction is classified into two stages: (i) intermediate TG regime (250–300 °C), where a highly oriented single-crystalline phase, most likely ternary Co2GaAs, is formed in the topotaxial relationship of ; and (ii) high TG regime (≥350 °C) where binary CoAs is formed in the asymmetric topotaxial relationship of CoAs[0 0 1](2 1 0) || GaAs[1 1 0](0 0 1).

A method for rapid prototyping by using linear light as sources employs DLP (Radiation Hardening Formation) or LCD, together with the portable devices and linear light source to treat the raw material in two stages. The first stage is to spread the raw material to a selected zone by nozzles or rollers and illuminating the material to let the material being processed and have physical o mechanical changes. The second stage is to use more powerful linear light source with the cooperation of the portable DMD (Digital Micromirror Device) or LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) to illuminate the material to make it have a second times of physical o mechanical changes. By the piling up the layers of the material, a complete 3-D work piece is obtained.

In this paper, a simply rule that generates scale-free networks with very large clustering coefficient and very small average distance is presented. These networks are called {\bf Multistage Random Growing Networks}(MRGN) as the adding process of a new node to the network is composed of two stages. The analytic results of power-law exponent $\gamma=3$ and clustering coefficient $C=0.81$ are obtained, which agree with the simulation results approximately. In addition, the average distance of the networks increases logarithmical with the number of the network vertices is proved analytically. Since many real-life networks are both scale-free and small-world networks, MRGN may perform well in mimicking reality., Comment: 3 figures, 4 pages

Deleterius Rhizobacteria (DRB) has a potential to control of weed and act as a bioherbicide. Developing a method to weed control that environmentally sound friendly has been increasingly studied. Rhizobacteria can form colonies on weed rooting and synthesize the secondary metabolite compounds. The effectiveness of rhizobacteria as bioherbicide is determined by its survival to be stored for a long time. The objective of this study is to obtain the type of carrier which effectively maintains the life and stability of DRB. Therefore it is necessary to do in vivo and in-vitro research. This study consists of two stages of testing the effectiveness of the carrier in increasing the shelf life of rhizobacteria and testing the effectiveness stability as a bioherbicide on Ageratum conyzoides weed after storage for 20 weeks. Research was conducted in Agronomy Lab, Agriculture Faculty, Halu Oleo University Kendari, Since August to December 2016. Research found that the talc powder and chaff charcoal powder were effective as a carrier of rhizobacteria and able to maintain the viability of rhizobacteria Bacillus lentus A05 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa A08 for five months and also able to maintain the stability of rhizobacteria as bioherbicide.

The regular pattern of development of the environmental pollution events was analyzed from the perspective of statistical analysis of pollution events in recent years. The Moran, s I and spatial center-of-gravity shift curve of China, s environmental emergencies were calculated by ARCGIS software. And the method is global spatial analysis and spatial center of gravity shift. The results showed that the trend of China, s environmental pollution events from 1992 to 2014 was the first dynamic growth and then gradually reduced. Environmental pollution events showed spatial aggregation distribution in 1992-1994, 2001-2006, 2008-2014, and the rest of year was a random distribution of space. There were two stages in China, s environmental pollution events: The transition to the southwest from 1992 to 2006 and the transition to the northeast from the year of 2006 to 2014.