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8 results on '"front-end electronics for detector readout"'

1. A radiation tolerant clock generator for the CMS Endcap Timing Layer readout chip

Author

Sun, H, Sun, Q, Biereigel, S, Francisco, R, Gong, D, Huang, G, Huang, X, Kulis, S, Leroux, P, Liu, C, Liu, T, Moreira, P, Prinzie, J, Wu, J, Ye, J, Zhang, L, and Zhang, W

Subjects
Technology, Science & Technology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), VLSI circuits, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Front-end electronics for detector readout, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Instruments & Instrumentation, Instrumentation, Radiation-hard electronics, Mathematical Physics, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present the test results of a low jitter Phase Locked Loop (PLL) prototype chip for the CMS Endcap Timing Layer readout chip (ETROC). This chip is based on the improved version of a clock synthesis circuit named ljCDR from the Low-Power Gigabit Transceiver (lpGBT) project. The ljCDR is tested in its PLL mode. An automatic frequency calibration (AFC) block with the Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) register is developed for the LC-oscillator calibration. The chip was manufactured in a 65 nm CMOS process with 10 metal layers. The chip has been extensively tested, including Total Ionizing Dose (TID) testing up to 300 Mrad and Single Event Upset (SEU) testing with heavy ions possessing a Linear energy transfer (LET) from 1.3 to 62.5 MeV*cm^2/mg., Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in JINST (TWEPP2021)

Published
2021

2. The SuperFGD Prototype charged particle beam tests

Author

Blondel, A., Bogomilov, M., Bordoni, S., Cadoux, F., Douqa, D., Dugas, K., Ekelöf, Tord, Favre, Y., Fedotov, S., Fransson, Kjell, Fujita, R., Gramstad, E., Ichikawa, A. K., Ilieva, S., Iwamoto, K., Jesus-Valls, C., Jung, C. K., Kasetti, S. P., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Korzenev, A., Kostin, A., Kudenko, Y., Kutter, T., Lux, T., Maret, L., Matsubara, T., Mefodiev, A., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mitev, G., Nessi, M., Nicola, L., Noah, E., Parsa, S., Petkov, G., Sanchez, F., Sgalaberna, D., Shorrock, W., Skwarczynski, K., Suvorov, S., Teklu, A., Tsenov, R., Uchida, Y., Vankova-Kirilova, G., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Zalipska, J., Ye, Zou, Zurek, W., Blondel, A., Bogomilov, M., Bordoni, S., Cadoux, F., Douqa, D., Dugas, K., Ekelöf, Tord, Favre, Y., Fedotov, S., Fransson, Kjell, Fujita, R., Gramstad, E., Ichikawa, A. K., Ilieva, S., Iwamoto, K., Jesus-Valls, C., Jung, C. K., Kasetti, S. P., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Korzenev, A., Kostin, A., Kudenko, Y., Kutter, T., Lux, T., Maret, L., Matsubara, T., Mefodiev, A., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mitev, G., Nessi, M., Nicola, L., Noah, E., Parsa, S., Petkov, G., Sanchez, F., Sgalaberna, D., Shorrock, W., Skwarczynski, K., Suvorov, S., Teklu, A., Tsenov, R., Uchida, Y., Vankova-Kirilova, G., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Zalipska, J., Ye, Zou, and Zurek, W.

Abstract

A novel scintillator detector, the SuperFGD, has been selected as the main neutrino target for an upgrade of the T2K experiment ND280 near detector. The detector design will allow nearly 47r coverage for neutrino interactions at the near detector and will provide lower energy thresholds, significantly reducing systematic errors for the experiment. The SuperFGD is made of optically-isolated scintillator cubes of size 10 x 10 x 10 mm(3), providing the required spatial and energy resolution to reduce systematic uncertainties for future T2K runs. The SuperFGD for T2K will have close to two million cubes in a 1920 x 560 x 1840 mm(3) volume. A prototype made of 24 x 8 x 48 cubes was tested at a charged particle beamline at the CERN PS facility. The SuperFGD Prototype was instrumented with readout electronics similar to the future implementation for T2K. Results on electronics and detector response are reported in this paper, along with a discussion of the 3D reconstruction capabilities of this type of detector. Several physics analyses with the prototype data are also discussed, including a study of stopping protons.

Published
2020
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3. The ABC130 barrel module prototyping programme for the ATLAS strip tracker

Author

Poley, L., Sawyer, C., Addepalli, S., Affolder, A. A., Allongue, B., Allport, P., Anderssen, E., Anghinolfi, F., Arguin, J-F, Arling, J-H, Arnaez, O., Asbah, N. A., Ashby, J., Asimakopoulou, Eleni M., Atlay, N. B., Bartsch, L., Basso, M. J., Beacham, J., Beaupre, S. L., Beck, G., Beichert, C., Bergsten, L., Bernabeu, J., Bhattarai, P., Bloch, I, Blue, A. J., Bochenek, M., Botte, J., Boynton, L., Brenner, Richard, Brueers, B., Buchanan, E., Bullard, B., Capocasa, F., Carr, I, Carra, S., Chao, C. W., Chen, J., Chen, L., Chen, Y., Chen, X., Cindro, V, Ciocio, A., Civera, J. , V, Cormier, K., Cornell, E., Crick, B., Dabrowski, W., Dam, M., David, C., Demontigny, G., Dette, K., DeWitt, J., Diez, S., Doherty, F., Dopke, J., Dressnandt, N., Edwards, S., Fadeyev, V, Farrington, S., Fawcett, W., Fernandez-Tejero, J., Filmer, E., Fleta, C., Gallop, B., Galloway, Z., Argos, C. Garcia, Garg, D., Gignac, M., Gillberg, D., Giovinazzo, D., Glover, J., Goettlicher, P., Gonella, L., Gorisek, A., Grant, C., Grant, F., Gray, C., Greenall, A., Gregor, I, Greig, G., Grillo, A. A., Gu, S., Guescini, F., da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimaraes, Gunnell, J., Gupta, R., Haber, C., Halgheri, A., Hamersly, D., Haugen, T. E., Hauser, M., Heim, S., Heim, T., Helling, C., Herde, H., Hessey, N. P., Hommels, B., Hoenig, J. C., Hunter, A., Jackson, P., Jewkes, K., John, J. J., Johnson, T. A., Jones, T., Kachiguin, S., Kang, N., Kaplon, J., Kareem, M., Keener, P., Keller, J., Key-Charriere, M., Kilani, S., Kisliuk, D., Klein, C. T., Koffas, T., Kramberger, G., Krizka, K., Kroll, J., Kuehn, S., Kurth, M., Labitan, C., Lacasta, C., Lacker, H., Leon, P., Li, B., Li, C., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, Z., Liberatore, M., Lister, A., Liu, K., Liu, P., Lohse, T., Loenker, J., Lou, X., Lu, W., Luce, Z., Lynn, D., MacFadyen, R., Maegdefessel, S., Mahboubi, K., Malik, U., Mandic, I, La Marra, D., Martin, J., Martinez-Mckinney, F., Mikestikova, M., Mikuz, M., Mitra, A., Mladina, E., Montalbano, A., Monzat, D., Morii, M., Mullier, G., Neundorf, J., Newcomer, M., Ng, Y., Nikolica, A., Nikolopoulos, K., Oechsle, J., Oliver, J., Orr, R. S., Ottino, G., Paillard, C., Pani, P., Paowell, S., Parzefall, U., Phillips, P. W., Platero, A., Platero, V, Prahl, V, Pyatt, S., Ran, K., Reardon, N., Rehnisch, L., Renardi, A., Renzmann, M., Rifki, O., Rodriguez, A. Rodriguez, Rosin, G., Rossi, E., Ruggeri, T., Ruehr, F., Rymaszewski, P., Sadrozinski, H. F-W, Sanethavong, P., Santpur, S. Neha, Scharf, C., Schillaci, Z., Schmitt, S., Sharma, A., Sciolla, G., Seiden, A., Shi, X., Simpson-Allsop, C., Snoek, H., Snow, S., Solaz, C., Soldevila, U., Sousa, F., Sperlich, D., Staats, E., Stack, T. L., Stanitzki, M., Starinsky, N., Steentoft, Jonas, Stegler, M., Stelzer, B., Stucci, S., Swientek, K., Taylor, G. N., Taylor, W., Teoh, J. Jian, Teuscher, R., Thomas, J., Tigchelaar, A., Tran, T., Tricoli, A., Trischuk, D. A., Unno, Y., van Nieuwenhuizen, G., Ullan, M., Vermeulen, J., Leitao, P. Vicente, Vickey, T., Vidal, G., Vreeswijk, M., Warren, M., Weidberg, T., Wiehe, M., Wiglesworth, C., Wiik-Fuchs, L., Williams, S., Wilson, J., Witharm, R., Wizemann, F., Wonsak, S., Worm, S., Wormald, M., Xella, S., Yang, Y., Yarwick, J., Yu, T., Zhang, D., Zhang, K., Zhou, M., Zhu, H., Poley, L., Sawyer, C., Addepalli, S., Affolder, A. A., Allongue, B., Allport, P., Anderssen, E., Anghinolfi, F., Arguin, J-F, Arling, J-H, Arnaez, O., Asbah, N. A., Ashby, J., Asimakopoulou, Eleni M., Atlay, N. B., Bartsch, L., Basso, M. J., Beacham, J., Beaupre, S. L., Beck, G., Beichert, C., Bergsten, L., Bernabeu, J., Bhattarai, P., Bloch, I, Blue, A. J., Bochenek, M., Botte, J., Boynton, L., Brenner, Richard, Brueers, B., Buchanan, E., Bullard, B., Capocasa, F., Carr, I, Carra, S., Chao, C. W., Chen, J., Chen, L., Chen, Y., Chen, X., Cindro, V, Ciocio, A., Civera, J. , V, Cormier, K., Cornell, E., Crick, B., Dabrowski, W., Dam, M., David, C., Demontigny, G., Dette, K., DeWitt, J., Diez, S., Doherty, F., Dopke, J., Dressnandt, N., Edwards, S., Fadeyev, V, Farrington, S., Fawcett, W., Fernandez-Tejero, J., Filmer, E., Fleta, C., Gallop, B., Galloway, Z., Argos, C. Garcia, Garg, D., Gignac, M., Gillberg, D., Giovinazzo, D., Glover, J., Goettlicher, P., Gonella, L., Gorisek, A., Grant, C., Grant, F., Gray, C., Greenall, A., Gregor, I, Greig, G., Grillo, A. A., Gu, S., Guescini, F., da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimaraes, Gunnell, J., Gupta, R., Haber, C., Halgheri, A., Hamersly, D., Haugen, T. E., Hauser, M., Heim, S., Heim, T., Helling, C., Herde, H., Hessey, N. P., Hommels, B., Hoenig, J. C., Hunter, A., Jackson, P., Jewkes, K., John, J. J., Johnson, T. A., Jones, T., Kachiguin, S., Kang, N., Kaplon, J., Kareem, M., Keener, P., Keller, J., Key-Charriere, M., Kilani, S., Kisliuk, D., Klein, C. T., Koffas, T., Kramberger, G., Krizka, K., Kroll, J., Kuehn, S., Kurth, M., Labitan, C., Lacasta, C., Lacker, H., Leon, P., Li, B., Li, C., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, Z., Liberatore, M., Lister, A., Liu, K., Liu, P., Lohse, T., Loenker, J., Lou, X., Lu, W., Luce, Z., Lynn, D., MacFadyen, R., Maegdefessel, S., Mahboubi, K., Malik, U., Mandic, I, La Marra, D., Martin, J., Martinez-Mckinney, F., Mikestikova, M., Mikuz, M., Mitra, A., Mladina, E., Montalbano, A., Monzat, D., Morii, M., Mullier, G., Neundorf, J., Newcomer, M., Ng, Y., Nikolica, A., Nikolopoulos, K., Oechsle, J., Oliver, J., Orr, R. S., Ottino, G., Paillard, C., Pani, P., Paowell, S., Parzefall, U., Phillips, P. W., Platero, A., Platero, V, Prahl, V, Pyatt, S., Ran, K., Reardon, N., Rehnisch, L., Renardi, A., Renzmann, M., Rifki, O., Rodriguez, A. Rodriguez, Rosin, G., Rossi, E., Ruggeri, T., Ruehr, F., Rymaszewski, P., Sadrozinski, H. F-W, Sanethavong, P., Santpur, S. Neha, Scharf, C., Schillaci, Z., Schmitt, S., Sharma, A., Sciolla, G., Seiden, A., Shi, X., Simpson-Allsop, C., Snoek, H., Snow, S., Solaz, C., Soldevila, U., Sousa, F., Sperlich, D., Staats, E., Stack, T. L., Stanitzki, M., Starinsky, N., Steentoft, Jonas, Stegler, M., Stelzer, B., Stucci, S., Swientek, K., Taylor, G. N., Taylor, W., Teoh, J. Jian, Teuscher, R., Thomas, J., Tigchelaar, A., Tran, T., Tricoli, A., Trischuk, D. A., Unno, Y., van Nieuwenhuizen, G., Ullan, M., Vermeulen, J., Leitao, P. Vicente, Vickey, T., Vidal, G., Vreeswijk, M., Warren, M., Weidberg, T., Wiehe, M., Wiglesworth, C., Wiik-Fuchs, L., Williams, S., Wilson, J., Witharm, R., Wizemann, F., Wonsak, S., Worm, S., Wormald, M., Xella, S., Yang, Y., Yarwick, J., Yu, T., Zhang, D., Zhang, K., Zhou, M., and Zhu, H.

Abstract

For the Phase-II Upgrade of the ATLAS Detector [1], its Inner Detector, consisting of silicon pixel, silicon strip and transition radiation sub-detectors, will be replaced with an all new 100% silicon tracker, composed of a pixel tracker at inner radii and a strip tracker at outer radii. The future ATLAS strip tracker will include 11,000 silicon sensor modules in the central region (barrel) and 7,000 modules in the forward region (end-caps), which are foreseen to be constructed over a period of 3.5 years. The construction of each module consists of a series of assembly and quality control steps, which were engineered to be identical for all production sites. In order to develop the tooling and procedures for assembly and testing of these modules, two series of major prototyping programs were conducted: an early program using readout chips designed using a 250 nm fabrication process (ABCN-250) [2, 3] and a subsequent program using a follow-up chip set made using 130 nm processing (ABC130 and HCC130 chips). This second generation of readout chips was used for an extensive prototyping program that produced around 100 barrel-type modules and contributed significantly to the development of the final module layout. This paper gives an overview of the components used in ABC130 barrel modules, their assembly procedure and findings resulting from their tests.

Published
2020
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4. FPGA-based algorithms for feature extraction in the PANDA shashlyk calorimeter

Author

Preston, M., Marciniewski, Pawel, Tegner, P-E, Preston, M., Marciniewski, Pawel, and Tegner, P-E

Abstract

PANDA is one of the four experimental pillars of the upcoming FAIR facility in Darmstadt, Germany. In PANDA, an antiproton beam with an energy between 1.5 and 15 GeV/c will interact in a hydrogen or nuclear target, allowing for studies of various aspects of non-perturbative QCD. Motivated by the high interaction rates and the diverse physics goals of the experiment, a triggerless readout approach will be employed. In this approach, each detector subsystem will be equipped with intelligent front-end electronics that independently identify signals of interest in real time. In order to detect the most forward-directed photons, electrons and positrons in PANDA, a shashlyk-type calorimeter is being constructed. This detector consists of 1512 individual cells of interleaved plastic scintillators and lead plates, and the output signals will be digitised by sampling ADCs and processed in real time by FPGAs. As part of the triggerless approach, these FPGAs will perform so-called feature extraction on the digitised signals, where the pulse-height and time of incoming pulses are extracted in real time. A substantial pile-up rate is expected, and it is foreseen that the chosen algorithm should enable reconstruction of such events. In this work we present the development of a real-time algorithm based on the well known Optimal Filter, which both improves the overall time resolution of the shashlyk detector and allows reconstruction of pile-up events with good time and energy resolution.

Published
2020
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5. A mixed-signal large dynamic range front-end ASIC for high capacitance detectors

Author

W. Cheng, Z. Wang, A. Rivetti, M. Da Rocha Rolo, and F. Cossio

Subjects
Physics, CMOS readout of gaseous detectors, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Dynamic range, Detector, Electrical engineering, FOS: Physical sciences, MicroMegas detector, Mixed-signal integrated circuit, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), VLSI circuits, Signal, Gaseous detectors, CMOS, Front-end electronics for detector readout, business, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Energy (signal processing), Communication channel
Abstract

A 64-channel mixed-mode ASIC, suitable for particle detectors of large dynamic range and high capacitance up to hundreds of pF, is presented here. Each channel features an analogue front-end for signal amplification and filtering, and a mixed signal back-end to digitise and store the signal information. The analogue part consists of a low input-impedance programmable gain pre-amplifier based on a regulated common-gate (RCG) input stage, two shapers optimised for time and energy measurements. The back-end part mainly includes discriminators, TDCs and ADCs, which are used to process the signal and encode both the time of arrival and the charge in the input signal with a fully digital output. The programmable gain of the front-end (up to 400 fC input dynamic range) and the versatile back-end allow the readout of different gaseous detectors like GEM, MicroMEGAS and MWPC. The ASIC is designed for an event rate up to 100 kHz per channel and a power consumption less than 9 mW/channel, has been fabricated in a 110 nm CMOS technology., 19 pages, 19 figures

Published
2019

6. Muon counting using silicon photomultipliers in the AMIGA detector of the Pierre Auger observatory

Author

Arqueros Martínez, Fernando, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Ahn, E.J., Al Samarai, I., Albuquerque, I.F.M., Allekotte, I., Allison, P., Almela, A., ... otros, Arqueros Martínez, Fernando, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Ahn, E.J., Al Samarai, I., Albuquerque, I.F.M., Allekotte, I., Allison, P., Almela, A., and ... otros

Abstract

©2017 IOP Science Artículo firmado por más de diez autores The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and administrative staff in Malargue. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support:; Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (ANPCyT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargue, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Lenas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access, Argentina; the Australian Research Council; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) Grants No. 2010/07359-6 and No. 1999/05404-3, Ministerio de Ciencia e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil; Grant No. MSMT CR LG15014, LO1305 and LM2015038 and the Czech Science Foundation Grant No. 14-17501S, Czech Republic; Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP) Grant No. LABEXANR-10-LABX-63, within the Investissements d'Avenir Programme Grant No. ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Nordrhein Westfalen, Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Istituto Nazi, AMIGA (Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground Array) is an upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory designed to extend its energy range of detection and to directly measure the muon content of the cosmic ray primary particle showers. The array will be formed by an infill of surface water-Cherenkov detectors associated with buried scintillation counters employed for muon counting. Each counter is composed of three scintillation modules, with a 10m(2) detection area per module. In this paper, a new generation of detectors, replacing the current multi-pixel photomultiplier tube (PMT) with silicon photo sensors (aka. SiPMs), is proposed. The selection of the new device and its front-end electronics is explained. A method to calibrate the counting system that ensures the performance of the detector is detailed. This method has the advantage of being able to be carried out in a remote place such as the one where the detectors are deployed. High efficiency results, i.e. 98% efficiency for the highest tested overvoltage, combined with a low probability of accidental counting (similar to 2 %), show a promising performance for this new system., Unión Europea. FP7, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), Comunidad de Madrid/FEDER, Centre de Calcul, France, Czech Science Foundation, Czech Republic, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany, Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire, France, Departement Sciences de l'Univers, Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany, Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Nordrhein Westfalen, Germany, Gran Sasso Center for Astroparticle Physics, Italy, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Italy, CETEMPS Center of Excellence, Ministero degli Affari Esteri (MAE), Italy, Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Netherlands, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands, National Centre for Research and Development, Poland, National Science Centre, Poland, Portuguese national funds, Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade, Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (COMPETE), Portugal, Romanian Authority for Scientific Research ANCS, CNDI-UEFISCDI partnership projects, Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia, Xunta de Galicia, Science and Technology Facilities Council, United Kingdom, Department of Energy, UNESCO, Depto. de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub

Published
2017

7. A custom readout electronics for the BESIII CGEM detector

Author

Rolo, M. Da Rocha, Alexeev, M., Amoroso, A., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Bertani, M., Bettoni, D., Bianchi, F., Bugalho, R., Calcaterra, A., Canale, N., Capodiferro, M., Carassiti, V., Cerioni, S., Chai, J. Y., Chiozzi, S., Cibinetto, G., Cossio, F., Ramusino, A. Cotta, De Mori, F., Destefanis, M., Di Francesco, A., Dong, J., Evangelisti, F., Farinelli, R., Fava, L., Felici, G., Fioravanti, E., Garzia, I., Gatta, M., Greco, M., Lavezzi, L., Leng, C. Y., Li, H., Maggiora, M., Malaguti, R., Marcello, S., Marcinievski, Pawel, Melchiorri, M., Mezzadri, G., Mignone, M., Morello, G., Pacetti, S., Patteri, P., Pellegrino, J., Pelosi, A., Rivetti, A., Savrie, M., Scodeggio, M., Soldani, E., Sosio, S., Spataro, S., Tskhadadze, E., Varela, J., Verma, S., Wheadon, R., Yan, L., Rolo, M. Da Rocha, Alexeev, M., Amoroso, A., Ferroli, R. Baldini, Bertani, M., Bettoni, D., Bianchi, F., Bugalho, R., Calcaterra, A., Canale, N., Capodiferro, M., Carassiti, V., Cerioni, S., Chai, J. Y., Chiozzi, S., Cibinetto, G., Cossio, F., Ramusino, A. Cotta, De Mori, F., Destefanis, M., Di Francesco, A., Dong, J., Evangelisti, F., Farinelli, R., Fava, L., Felici, G., Fioravanti, E., Garzia, I., Gatta, M., Greco, M., Lavezzi, L., Leng, C. Y., Li, H., Maggiora, M., Malaguti, R., Marcello, S., Marcinievski, Pawel, Melchiorri, M., Mezzadri, G., Mignone, M., Morello, G., Pacetti, S., Patteri, P., Pellegrino, J., Pelosi, A., Rivetti, A., Savrie, M., Scodeggio, M., Soldani, E., Sosio, S., Spataro, S., Tskhadadze, E., Varela, J., Verma, S., Wheadon, R., and Yan, L.

Abstract

For the upgrade of the inner tracker of the BESIII spectrometer, planned for 2018, a lightweight tracker based on an innovative Cylindrical Gas Electron Multiplier (CGEM) detector is now under development. The analogue readout of the CGEM enables the use of a charge centroid algorithm to improve the spatial resolution to better than 130 mu m while loosening the pitch strip to 650 mu m, which allows to reduce the total number of channels to about 10 000. The channels are readout by 160 dedicated integrated 64-channel front-end ASICs, providing a time and charge measurement and featuring a fully-digital output. The energy measurement is extracted either from the time-over-threshold (ToT) or the 10-bit digitisation of the peak amplitude of the signal. The time of the event is generated by quad-buffered low-power TDCs, allowing for rates in excess of 60 kHz per channel. The TDCs are based on analogue interpolation techniques and produce a time stamp (or two, if working in ToT mode) of the event with a time resolution better than 50 ps. The front-end noise, based on a CSA and a two-stage complex conjugated pole shapers, dominate the channel intrinsic time jitter, which is less than 5 ns r.m.s. The time information of the hit can be used to reconstruct the track path, operating the detector as a small TPC and hence improving the position resolution when the distribution of the cloud, due to large incident angle or magnetic field, is very broad. Event data is collected by an off-detector motherboard, where each GEM-ROC readout card handles 4 ASIC carrier FEBs (512 channels). Configuration upload and data readout between the off-detector electronics and the VME-based data collector cards are managed by bi-directional fibre optical links. This paper covers the design of a custom front-end electronics for the readout of the new inner tracker of the BESIII experiment, addressing the relevant design aspects of the detector electronics and the front-end ASIC for the CGEM readout

Published
2017
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8. A 65nm pixel readout ASIC with quick transverse momentum discrimination capabilities for the CMS Tracker at HL-LHC

Author

Ceresa, D., Kaplon, J., Francisco, R., Caratelli, A., Kloukinas, K., and Marchioro, A.

Subjects
Front-end electronics for detector readout, VLSI circuits, Digital electronic circuits
Abstract

A readout ASIC for the hybrid pixel detector with the capability of performing quick recognition of particles with high transverse momentum has been designed for the requirements of the CMS Outer Tracker at the High Luminosity LHC. The particle momentum dicrimination capability represents the main challenge for this design together with the low power requirement: the constraint of low mass for the new tracker dictates a total power budget of less than 100 mW/cm(2). The choice of a 65 nm CMOS technology has made it possible to satisfy this power requirement despite the fairly large amount of logic necessary to perform the momentum discrimination and the continuous operation at 40 MHz. Several techniques for low power have been used to implement this logic that performs cluster reduction, position offset correction and coordinate encoding. A prototype chip including a large part of the final functionality and the full front-end has been realized and comprises a matrix of 16 by 3 rectangular pixels of 100 mu m x 1446 mu m, providing 7.65 mm(2) of segmented active area. Measurements of the analog front-end characteristics closely match the simulations and confirm the consumption of

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