1. Elevated growth differentiation factor 15 expression predicts poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer patients.
- Author
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Zhang Y, Hua W, Niu LC, Li SM, Wang YM, Shang L, Zhang C, Li WN, Wang R, Chen BL, Xin XY, Zhang YQ, and Wang J
- Subjects
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous metabolism, Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous therapy, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous metabolism, Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous therapy, Endometrial Neoplasms metabolism, Endometrial Neoplasms therapy, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Lymphatic Metastasis, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local metabolism, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local therapy, Neoplasm Staging, Ovarian Neoplasms metabolism, Ovarian Neoplasms therapy, Prognosis, Survival Rate, Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous pathology, Biomarkers, Tumor metabolism, Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous pathology, Endometrial Neoplasms pathology, Growth Differentiation Factor 15 metabolism, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local pathology, Ovarian Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and explore its clinical significance in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. The expression of GDF15 in EOC tissues and serum samples was evaluated using immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The association of GDF15 expression with clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. Survival time was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier technique and Cox regression model. Both in EOC tissues and serum, high GDF15 levels were obviously related with advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, lymph node metastasis, ascites, and chemoresistance. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that EOC patients with high GDF15 expression showed poorer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that GDF15 expression was an independent predictor of PFS in EOC patients. Our study shows that elevated GDF15 expression was associated with poor prognosis in EOC patients. We suggest that GDF15 is a novel biomarker for the early detection of EOC, prediction of the response to chemotherapy, and screening for recurrence in EOC patients.
- Published
- 2016
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