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The fundomental experimental study was performed to apply cryotherapy to the hemorrhoid. On the liver of rabbit, the cryonecrosis was made by the two, cycle freezing with liquid nitrogen. By the hystologic and cystologic investigation, it was proved that the cryonecrosis was induced by cell injury and vascular stasis. This necrosis have never spreaded beyond the frozen area. This characteristics seems to be favourable for necrotherapy of hemorrhoid considering the essential quality of hemorrhoid.In the clinical studies, the temperature change during freezing and thawing were measured to classify the cryo-resistence of hemorrhoidal tissue.The liquid-nitrogen groop revealed the 40°-100°C/minit freezing velosity and 4°-9°C/ minit, thawing velosity which were mostly beneficial for cryonecrosis confirmed by histological studies. On the other hand, the rapid freezing and slow thawing were not obtained in the CO2 groop suspecting the necessity of the longer freezing time for complete necrosis.In both groop, the sphincter muscle have never affected by freezing. The sever unfavourable complication have never occured in all the clinical cases.

The double blind studies of bromelain for 161 patients following surgical or crvosurgical hemorrhoidectomy were performed.Every patient was apllied bromelain or placebo tablets orally, every two tablets, three times daily and seven-days duration.Scoring number for the postoperative focal inflammatory symptoms (1. swelling, 2. pain, 3. secretion and 4. bleeding) of every patient was recorded and finally all records were col-lected and analyzed.1. Statistical differences were recognized as follows:a) Ligation and excision group : 7 th day's secretion score, 10 th day's secretion score, loth day's total score, and case-ratio of pain from 1 st to 3rd day changeb) Cryosurgery group : 3rd day's bleeding score, and score-ratio of bleeding from 3 rd to 5th day change2. Moderate, but not statistical differences were noticed as follows:a) Ligation and excision group : 10th day's pain score, secretion total score, and 7th day's total scoreb) Cryosurgery group : score-ratio of pain from 3rd to 5th day change, and score-ratio of scretion from 1st to 3rd changeAs above results, it is thought that apllication of bromelain tablets for surgical hemor-rhoidectomy patients is favorable.Suitability of post-hemorrhoidectomy patients for bromelain double blind studies and reasonable selection of parameters were discussed.

Microscopic and Electron Microscopic changes in cells and tissue after freezing and thawing were studied." Cryonecrosis " is not apparent immediately after freezing and thawing macropically but within a few minutes the affected tissue reacts as if to any thermal insult with signs of inflammation and extravation of blood cells and lymphocytes. Shortly thereafter, intra-capillary thrombosis occurs.Cryotherapy is painless and promotes hemostasis. These additional advantage give greater support for its clinical use in treatment of bulky tumors of the anorectum for pallia-tion, and far the investigation of tumor antibody formation.

Rectal administration of Indomethacine suppository was employed to treat hemorrhoid concervatively and to remove pain after anal surgery.Results;(1) pain ; 1 week after effective in 52% cases and 2 weeks after 80% effective in total.(2) hemorrhage ; 1 week after effective in 44.4% and 2 weeks after in 76% cases.(3) effect for prolaps of pile; grade 1-not examined. grade 2-effective in 44.4% cases (1 week after). grade 3-effective in 50% cases (1 week after).This agent was useful for hemorrhoid.Immediately after surgery of anal region this suppository was administrated to remove pain and edema. Effectiveness was remarkable, so no narcotics required.