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BACKGROUND Allergic diseases affects around 40% of children population worldwide. The coexistence of asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), eczema, and food allergy (FA) renders allergy treatment and prevention challenging. Infant feeding strategies recommended avoiding allergenic foods to prevent allergy development and anaphylaxis. However, recent evidence suggests that early consumption of food allergens during weaning in infants at age of 4 to 6 months could result in food tolerance hence reduce the risk of developing allergies. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to systematically review and meta-analyze evidence on the effect of the early food introduction for prevention childhood allergic diseases. METHODS : We will conduct a systematic review of intervention through comprehensive search of various databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Google Scholar to identify potential studies. The search will be performed for any eligible articles from the earliest published articles up to the latest available studies in 2023. We will include randomized controlled trials (RCTs), or cluster RCT, non-RCTs and other observational studies that assess the effect of early food introduction to prevent childhood allergic diseases. RESULTS Primary outcomes will include measures related with the effect of childhood allergic diseases (i.e., asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema and/or food allergy). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines will be followed for studies selection. All data will be extracted using a standardized data extraction form and quality of the studies will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tools. A ‘summary of findings’ will be tabulated for the following outcomes: (1) Total number of allergic disease(s), (2) Rate of sensitization, (3) Total number of adverse events, (4) Improvement of health –related quality of life (HRQoL) and/or (6) All-cause mortality Descriptive and meta-analysis will be performed using a random effect model in Review Manager File. Heterogeneity among selected studies will be assessed using the I2 statistic and explored through meta-regression and subgroup analyses. Data collection is expected to start in June 2023. CONCLUSIONS The results acquired from this study will contribute to existing literature and harmonize recommendation for harmonizing infant feeding guidelines with regards to prevention of childhood allergic diseases. CLINICALTRIAL International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) number CRD42021256776 was registered on 25 June 2021.

BACKGROUND Sexting refers to the exchange of sexually explicit digital content in a form of texts, photos, or videos. In recent years, sexting has become one of the most significant public health concerns. In Malaysia, 73% of young adults have engaged in sexting, a rather high rate compared to other western nations. Given that sexting was associated with sexual risk behavior, cyberbullying, and mental health issues, this behavior must be intervened to alleviate the resulting public health burden. Since few interventions specifically target sexting, this study employed a theory-based approach to develop the intervention. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to develop and implement a Sexting Intervention Module (SIM) guided by the Prototype Willingness Model, delivered using online animated video, and evaluate its effectiveness on the primary outcomes (intention and willingness to sext) and secondary outcomes (knowledge, attitude, perceived norm, and prototype perception) among undergraduate students from a public higher educational institution in Melaka, Malaysia. METHODS A two-armed, parallel, and single-blinded cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted among undergraduate students from a public higher educational institution in Melaka state. Twelve programs were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups. At baseline, both groups received a validated self-administered questionnaire assessing primary and secondary outcomes. The intervention group received five animated videos with a total duration of 24 minutes posted on a private Youtube platform. The control group was put on the waitlist. Participants were observed immediately and three months post-intervention. A generalized linear mixed model was performed to determine the effectiveness of the intervention. All data were analyzed using IBM SPSS (version 26), and P value (α) of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 300 participants were analyzed with an attrition rate of 8.3%. After adjusting for age, sex, relationship status, and the amount of time spent online there was a significant difference in intention to sext ((β=-.12; P=.002; Cohen d =0.26), willingness to sext (β=-.16; P= CONCLUSIONS The SIM using the Prototype Willingness Model delivered using online, animated videos were effective in reducing intention and willingness to sext, increasing knowledge of sexting, and reducing positive attitude, perceived norm, and prototype perception among participants in the intervention group. This module could be implemented by relevant agencies related to the sexual and reproductive health of unmarried young adults. CLINICALTRIAL Thaiclinicaltrials.org TCTR20201002001; http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/ TCTR20201002001