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Aims: To discuss how Husserl's descriptive phenomenology, as a philosophy and approach, has been used and reported in researching the experiences of others, using the topic of foreign‐trained nurses. Design: Discussion paper. Data sources A systematic search of MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL, SCOPUS, British Nursing Database and PsycInfo was carried out in December 2021. The inclusion criteria were peer‐reviewed phenomenological research articles, grounded by Husserl's philosophy, conducted among foreign‐trained nurses and published in English from 2000 to 2021. Findings Two main themes were the outcome of critically reviewing relevant selected literature, 'referring to the original philosophy is not enough' and 'phenomenological findings need to be phenomenological'. These findings confirm some arguments about nurse researchers' discrepant use of phenomenology in their studies, including the proper application of phenomenological notions on the ground. Implication for Nursing: Nurse researchers need to clearly distinguish between phenomenology and other qualitative research approaches and consider the uniqueness of philosophical underpinnings that are essential in Husserl's phenomenology, which also need to be clearly applied and reflected in their studies. Conclusion: There are continually existing discrepancies and variations in using phenomenology by nurse researchers. These variations were uniquely evident when nurse researchers could not provide enough philosophical grounds and assumptions to their studies and underestimated the need to keep up with the various applications of Husserl's phenomenological notions, including the proper practice of phenomenological attitude. Therefore, it is recommended that nurse researchers should opt for different, less complex qualitative approaches if they do not adequately prepare and understand what constitutes phenomenology and the particulars of Husserl's philosophy. Impact What problem did the study address? Phenomenology remains popular in nursing. However, it can confuse nurse researchers and may result in an improper understanding of its core concepts. The use of phenomenology in nursing has been criticized over the years with nurse researchers being accused of conducting phenomenological research inconsistent with the original philosophy. What were the main findings? Using phenomenology by nurse researchers is various and includes some discrepancies. This variation is caused by not complying with essential philosophical grounds and underestimating proper applications of Husserl's phenomenological notions. Where and on whom will the research have impact? Outcomes of this paper illustrate examples of proper and improper uses of Husserl's phenomenology in nursing research, including critical considerations, which can guide nurse researchers aiming to conduct descriptive phenomenological research. Additionally, nurse lecturers can utilize this paper to show and emphasize the importance of philosophical grounds in phenomenology. No Patient or Public Contribution: Due to the nature of this discussion paper addressing philosophical and methodological aspects using examples from the literature, no direct patient or public contribution was required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims A discussion of partnership in the context of family-centred care in the acute paediatric setting, through a critical analysis of partnership models. Background Paediatric healthcare practitioners understand the importance of family-centred care, but struggle with how to translate the core tenets into action and are confused by several rival terms. Partnering relationships are included in definitions of family-centred care, yet less is known about strategies to fully engage or support parents in these partnerships. A rigorous examination of concepts embedded in family-centred care such as partnership may provide a better understanding of how to implement the broader concept and support exemplary care in today's clinical practice environment. Design Discussion paper. Data sources Electronic search (January 2000 - December 2014) performed on CINAHL, Medline, EMBASE, Sociological Abstracts and Psych INFO using keywords partnership, family-centred care and conceptual framework. Eligible references were drawn from the databases, reference lists and expert sources. Eight models met inclusion criteria and had currency and relevance to the acute paediatric setting. Implications for nursing Nurses should continue exploring partnership in various paediatric contexts given the wide-ranging definitions, lack of operational indicators and need for stronger relational statements in current models. An examination of key strategies, barriers and facilitators of partnership is recommended. Conclusion One partnership model had both high overall maturity and best fit with family-centred care principles. All models originate from Western and developed countries, indicating that future partnership models should be more geographically, culturally and economically diverse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To map existing evidence and identify gaps in the literature concerning psychosocial impacts of being nil by mouth (NBM) as an adult. Design: A scoping review of the literature was undertaken using JBI guidance. A protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework (osf.io/43g9y). Reporting was guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR). Methods: A comprehensive search of six databases (CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SCOPUS and Web of Science) was performed for studies published up to February 2023, with no restriction to study type. A scope of the grey literature was also undertaken. Two authors independently assessed eligibility and extracted data. Descriptive statistical analysis and narrative synthesis were used, and patient and public involvement included in funding discussions. Results: A total of 23 papers were included in the review, consisting of 14 primary studies (7 qualitative and 7 quantitative) and 9 grey literature. Both global psychological distress and distress specific to being NBM (thirst, missing food and drink) were reported. Caregivers also experience distress from their family member being NBM. Furthermore, social impacts were reported for both patient and caregiver, primarily social isolation and subsequent low mood. Conclusion: Furthermore, research is needed to understand the prevalence of this population, how best to measure psychosocial impacts and to explore whether (and how) psychosocial impacts change over time. Advancement in this area would enable better service development to optimize care for this patient group. What is known about this topic?: Eating and drinking provides more than nutrition and hydration.A wide range of conditions can lead to recommendations for no longer eating and drinking (nil by mouth).Being nil by mouth (NBM) for short periods such as pre‐operative fasting causes distress; however, little is understood about impact on longer‐term abstinence from eating and drinking. What this paper adds?: Psychosocial consequences of being nil by mouth (NBM)have been investigated by both quantitative and qualitative studies.Being NBM impacts both patients and caregivers in various psychosocial aspects, including distress and social isolation.Several gaps remain, however, regarding ways to measure psychosocial impact of being NBM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim A discussion which aims to explore the diversity of decision-making during teenage and young adult cancer treatment. The discussion will be related to the concepts of autonomy, dependence and decision-making in this age group. Background The experience of cancer involves a significant series of treatment decisions. However, other non-treatment decisions also have to be made which can relate to any aspect of everyday life. These decisions occur against the backdrop of young people's disease experience. Design Discussion paper. Data sources A literature search for the period 1990-2013 was undertaken. This included searching the following databases: Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature ( CINAHL), SCOPUS, Medline, DARE, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts ( ASSIA), (Psych Info) and The Cochrane Library. Implications for nursing There is a lack of evidence into the experience of everyday decisions made by young people during cancer treatment. This may affect them in the form of unmet needs that nurses, or other professionals, fail to appreciate. Conclusion Further exploration of how teenagers and young adults experience the range and process of decision-making during cancer treatment could be useful in helping to provide effective supportive care for this age group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To explore patterns of help-seeking in women who have sexual dysfunction and the implications for nursing practice. Background Female sexual dysfunction is a common problem that is under-reported and untreated. Barriers to help-seeking reported in existing literature relate to the perception among many women that sexual dysfunction is: part of the normal ageing process; not bothersome or does not exist; an issue that health professionals are reluctant to address; a taboo subject. However, little is known about patterns of help-seeking in women with sexual problems. This leaves a potential gap in nursing knowledge regarding appropriate, supportive strategies. Design Discursive inquiry framed theoretically by Vogel's model. Methods A literature review was undertaken by searching relevant databases. A combination of keywords was used to identify peer-review papers relating to women's help-seeking behaviour for sexual dysfunction. Vogel's model was used as a framework to extract relevant information from the papers and structure the discussion. Results Vogel's model comprises four steps: encoding and interpreting, generating options, decision-making and evaluation of behaviour. Using this stepwise approach helped elucidate the complex mechanisms associated with help-seeking in a structured manner. The key issues associated with help-seeking intention are concerned with women's personal awareness of and interaction with the environment. Conclusions Vogel's model offers a new approach to understanding the dynamics that underpin women's decisions to seek professional help when sexual concerns arise and also provides a useful framework for nurses to consider women's specific sexual concerns. Relevance to clinical practice Implications for nursing practice are focused on public awareness, women's empowerment and the provision of effective sexual health care. Because sexual dysfunction is a global phenomenon, it is likely that the discussion in this paper will be relevant to an international, nursing readership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim This paper presents a discussion of the history of nurse imagery in the context of recent career choice research and the need for contemporary images for nursing recruitment. Background The critical and growing shortage of nurses is a global concern. Understanding how individuals come to know nursing as a career choice is of critical importance. Stereotypical imaging and messaging of the nursing profession have been shown to shape nurses' expectations and perceptions of nursing as a career, which has implications for both recruitment and retention. Data Sources Relevant research and literature on nurse imagery in relation to career choice and recruitment were identified through a search of the CINAHL, PsychINFO, Sociological Abstracts, PubMed; Medline and Embase databases from 1970-2012. Discussion Historical images of nurses and nursing remain prevalent in society today and continue to influence the choice of nursing as a career among the upcoming generation of nurses. Students interested in nursing may be dissuaded from choosing it as a career based on negative, stereotypical images, especially those that position the profession as inferior to medicine. Implications for Nursing Understanding the evolution and perpetuation of popular images and messages in relation to the profession has implications for not only how we recruit and retain future generations of professional nurses but also holds implications for interprofessional collaboration between nursing and other health disciplines. Conclusion Strategies for future recruitment and socialization within the nursing and the health professions need to include contemporary and realistic imaging of both health professional roles and practice settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To discuss the actual public image of nurses and other factors that influence the development of nurses' self-concept and professional identity. Background Nurses have become healthcare professionals in their own right who possess a great deal of knowledge. However, the public does not always value the skills and competences nurses have acquired through education and innovation. Design Discussion paper. Data sources We identified 1216 relevant studies by searching MEDLINE, CINAHL and Psyc INFO databases in the period 1997-2010. Finally, 18 studies met our inclusion criteria. Discussion The included studies show that the actual public image of nursing is diverse and incongruous. This image is partly self-created by nurses due to their invisibility and their lack of public discourse. Nurses derive their self-concept and professional identity from their public image, work environment, work values, education and traditional social and cultural values. Implications for nursing Nurses should work harder to communicate their professionalism to the public. Social media like the Internet and YouTube can be used to show the public what they really do. Conclusion To improve their public image and to obtain a stronger position in healthcare organizations, nurses need to increase their visibility. This could be realized by ongoing education and a challenging work environment that encourages nurses to stand up for themselves. Furthermore, nurses should make better use of strategic positions, such as case manager, nurse educator or clinical nurse specialist and use their professionalism to show the public what their work really entails. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: What is known on the subject?: Open Dialogue was developed in Finland in the 1980s by clinical psychologist, Jaakko Seikkula. It is a development of family therapy, recognises previous trauma and has proven to be very effective in situations of acute mental illness, and in particular psychosis.Trauma Informed Care is a practice based on the understanding of and responsiveness to the impact of trauma. When people have experienced trauma, they may have difficulties in their everyday life and experience negative physical health outcomes as well as the risk of developing mental ill health.Open Dialogue is aligned to mental health care which aims to be trauma‐informed, person‐centred and rights‐based. Examples exist of the use of both approaches for service delivery with limited evaluation. What the paper adds to existing knowledge?: To our knowledge, no formal evaluation has been made of the use of open dialogue as a Trauma Informed therapy approach to support individuals and their family networks.Although both approaches recognise the impact of trauma on individuals, no study has explored the effectiveness of this treatment combination for use by mental health nurses.This review is timely as it provides insights into contemporary services that are trauma informed and have used Open Dialogue to extend therapy work with individuals and their family/networks.This scoping review was able to determine whether recommendations for clinical practice and training in Open Dialogue with Trauma Informed Care approaches could be identified. What are the implications for practice?: This review provided a broad overview on the current types of trauma‐informed care services incorporating Open Dialogue approaches into their practice.The literature, though sparce, identifies that Trauma Informed Care recognises multiple origins for mental ill health. Open dialogue has an affinity with the common values of mental health nurses. As combined therapies, they are demonstrating usefulness in engaging families and people in their journey towards recovery.Rigid adherence to Open Dialogue focus and delivery as well as training practices could be revised to make them more open to what people and their families wish to discuss. The person with mental ill health and previous trauma should be able to direct the narrative. Trauma Informed Practice principles could be adapted to improve consumer satisfaction with Open Dialogue approaches. Introduction: A large proportion of people who access mental health services have a lived experienced of trauma and are more likely to have a history of complex trauma. Open Dialogue and Trauma Informed Care practices identify previous trauma as a factor related to later psychosis. This scoping review has identified similarities and contrasts in how an Open Dialogue and Trauma Informed Care approach have been combined to complement one another for clinical work with people presenting with psychosis and previous trauma. Aim: We aimed to answer the following research question in this scoping review: What is known of the combined use of Open Dialogue and Trauma Informed Care practice when working with consumers and their family networks? As such, the purpose of this paper was to explore the application to practice and identify if any training existed and been evaluated. Method: This scoping review was based on the Arksey and O'Malley's framework. A comprehensive search was performed across five electronic databases. Grey literature was also searched through Psyche Info and Google Scholar for books, Dissertation and Theses, alongside hand searching of the reference of the studies. Articles searched was from January 2013 to January 2023. Results: Five distinct themes were identified from the literature: (1) Linking open dialogue with trauma, (2) Response to treatment, (3) Empowerment and information sharing, (4) Interpretation by clinical services, (5) Staff training outcomes. Discussion: Some tentative recommendations for practice recognised the individuals' unique story and perspective, suggested that trauma is an important concept to assess. Services practising as Trauma Informed Services that have incorporated an Open Dialogue approach have mixed experiences. The use of Open Dialogue may have some benefits for family work and exploring consumer narratives while building a network of support. However, consumers identified similar frustrations with service delivery as with the family therapy literature. For example, it was difficult to bring family members together and difficult to discuss previous traumatic events in front of family. People experiencing training in Open Dialogue reported it taking a slow pace and not what they were familiar with. Implications for Practice: Open Dialogue can facilitate engagement of consumers and their family networks and greater recognition of the peer workforce to promote collaboration in therapy is needed. Future research should also focus on evaluating the effectiveness of such services and comparing their outcomes across regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is the second in a series of two which reviews the current UK evidence base for recovery in mental health. As outlined in the previous paper, over the last 4 years a vast amount has written about recovery in mental health (approximately 60% of all articles). Whereas the first review focused on the peer-reviewed evidence; this paper specifically focuses on the grey/non-peer-reviewed literature. In total, our search strategy yielded the following: 3 books, a further 11 book chapters, 12 papers, 6 policy documents and 3 publications from voluntary sector organizations. Each group of publications was analysed for content, and they are discursively presented by publication group. The findings are then presented as themes in the discussion section. The themes are: social, historical and political critique; philosophy of hope for the individual; individual identity and narrative; models and guidance for mental health practice.We conclude that there is a need for both empirical research into recovery and a clearer theoretical exposition of the concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is the first in a series of two which reviews the contemporary British evidence-base relating to recovery in mental health over a 4-year period. This review uses a systematic approach analysing the British peer-reviewed literature relating to recovery and mental health. The second paper in the series reviews the non-peerreviewed literature. Recovery is not a new concept; however, it has recently become increasingly prevalent in practitioner, policy and research discourses. In total 12 papers met the inclusion criteria. Five main themes emerged from the analysis: hope and optimism, meaning to life, activities promoting recovery, definitions and discourses and implications for mental health practice. By including only peer-reviewed literature this paper is in a strong position to analyse the theoretical development of the recovery concept and highlight future directions for recovery in mental health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: The aim of this integrative review was to investigate current literature exploring relationships between general self‐efficacy and the healthy ageing of older people. Background: Enhancing the health and well‐being of older adults, while mitigating consequences of illness and frailty are important priorities in healthy ageing. General self‐efficacy is closely associated with human behaviour and has been linked with improved health and well‐being. Design: An integrative review using the five‐stage method described by Whittemore and Knafl (Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2005, 52, 546). Methods: Academic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE and APA PsycInfo were searched between 2010 and 2020 for original, peer‐reviewed papers, published in English that investigated general self‐efficacy and factors associated with the healthy ageing of older people. Included papers were critically appraised using the Appraisal tool for Cross‐Sectional Studies (AXIS tool) and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme, and underwent data abstraction and synthesis via a constant comparative method. This review was also evaluated using the PRISMA checklist. Results: Twenty‐one papers were included in this review. Two main themes emerged. The first highlights positive relationships between general self‐efficacy and health and ageing perceptions, with subsequent influence on health behaviours. The second includes two sub‐themes, which explores general self‐efficacy's role in maintaining well‐being through its effects on psychological health and overcoming physical decline through adaption to changing physical and health conditions. Conclusions: Promoting general self‐efficacy has potential benefits for the healthy ageing of older people through positive effects on ageing and health perceptions, health behaviours, psychological health and overcoming physical decline. Relevance to clinical practice: Understanding how general self‐efficacy facilitates healthy ageing can guide nursing practices that reduce or mitigate consequences of illness and physical decline on the health and well‐being of older people. Strategies aimed at increasing older people's general self‐efficacy can help to facilitate subsequent positive effects on factors that promote healthy ageing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To summarise, interpret and synthesize research findings on patients' and nurses' experiences of caring in nursing across clinical practices. Background: Caring is a universal element of nursing; however, economic restrictions often negatively impact health services, and time shortages and limited numbers of staff may characterize care encounters. It is unclear how these contextual conditions affect patients' and nurses' experiences of caring. Design and Methods: This integrative literature review covers papers published between 2000 and 2022. Four databases—PubMed, PsycINFO (via Ovid), MEDLINE (via Ovid) and CINAHL (via EBSCO)—were systematically searched for eligible papers in May 2022. The included studies were critically appraised. Content analysis was performed to interpret and synthesize the findings. In accordance with the EQUATOR guidelines, the PRISMA 2020 and PRISMA‐S checklists were used. An Integrative review methodology guided the process. Findings: In total, 33 studies were included in the review. Three themes captured the experiences of caring in nursing: (1) the complexity of the nursing care context, (2) the professionalism of the nurse, and (3) the trusting patient–nurse relationship. Conclusion: The experience of caring in nursing depended on nurses' competence and discretion in the personal encounter framed by the nursing context. The caring relationship was based on reciprocity, but it remains asymmetrical, as the nurse had the power and responsibility to empower the patient. Barriers, such as increased demands for efficiency and resource scarcity, may hinder the experience of caring in nursing. Implications for the profession and patient care: By promoting an ongoing discussion of caring in nursing, nurse management can systematically support nurses in reflecting on their practice in diverse and complex clinical contexts. Patient or public contribution: No patient or public contribution was made due to the study design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims/Questions: To explore the barriers and facilitators to nurses accessing clinical supervision; explore the barriers and facilitators to organizations implementing clinical supervision and capture what skills nurses require to facilitate clinical supervision. Design Scoping review of peer‐reviewed research and grey literature. Data sources CINAHL, Medline, PsychINFO and Scopus were searched for relevant papers published between 1990 and 2020. Google, Google Scholar, OpenGrey & EThOS were used to search for grey literature. Review Methods: PRISMA‐ScR guidelines were used during the literature review process. Eighty‐seven papers were included, and data were extracted from each paper using a standardized form. Data synthesis was undertaken using Seidel's analytical framework. Results: Five themes were identified: Definitions and Models, (Mis) Trust and the Language of Supervision, Alternative Parallel Forums and Support Mechanisms, Time and Cost and Skills required. Conclusion: Since its inception in the 1990s, clinical supervision has long been regarded as a supportive platform for nurses to reflect on and develop their practice. However, this review highlights that despite an awareness of the skills required for nurses to undertake clinical supervision, and the facilitators for nurses to access and organizations to implement clinical supervision, there have been persistent barriers to implementation. This review identifies these persistent factors as 'barriers to overcoming the barriers' in the clinical supervision landscape. These require critical consideration to contribute towards moving clinical supervision forward in the spirit of its original intentions. Impact This review progresses the debate on clinical supervision through critically analysing the barriers to overcoming the barriers. To this end, the review is designed to stimulate critical discussions amongst nurses in different clinical spaces and key stakeholders such as policy makers and regulatory bodies for the nursing profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Excessive infant crying is common and can have a huge impact on families and well‐being. Systematically reviewing qualitative studies on infant crying can provide a greater understanding of parental perceptions and experiences. Aim: This study sought to systematically review and thematically synthesize qualitative studies exploring parents/carers' views and experiences of infant crying. Design: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research. Data Sources: Electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL were searched from the earliest date available to January 2022. We selected papers focussing on parents/carers' experiences, views, attitudes and beliefs about infant crying. We excluded papers focussing on health professionals' views and children older than 12 months. Review Methods: Thematic synthesis was followed for the analysis of included studies and quality appraisal was conducted. Results: We synthesized 22 papers, reporting data from 376 participants in eight countries. Four analytical themes were developed: (1) Experiences and impact of crying; (2) parental management strategies; (3) the role of the health professional; (4) the role of infant feeding and maternal diet. Our findings suggest that infant crying has a substantial emotional impact on parents/carers that often impacts relationships. Parents/carers reported using a range of soothing techniques and coping strategies but were desperate to find effective treatment or cure. Support was often perceived as lacking. Excessive crying and beliefs about the role of maternal diet on breastmilk were reported to undermine parents' confidence in breastfeeding by making them feel their milk is insufficient or harmful, or through pressure from others to stop breastfeeding. Conclusion: Parents/carers use a range of strategies to interpret and deal with the challenges of infant crying, but there is a need for more information and support. Impact Findings can be used to inform future research and interventions to support families experiencing excessive infant crying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: What is known on the subject?: There is evidence that social isolation and loneliness is more prevalent in people living with mental illness than in the general population.People living with mental illness frequently experience stigma, discrimination, rejection, repeated psychiatric admissions, low self‐esteem, low self‐efficacy, and increased symptoms of paranoia, depression, and anxiety.There is evidence of common interventions that can be used to improve loneliness and social isolation such as psychosocial skills training and cognitive group therapy. What the paper adds to existing knowledge?: This paper offers a comprehensive assessment of the evidence between mental illness, loneliness, and recovery.The results suggest that people living with mental illness experience elevated levels of social isolation and loneliness leading to poor recovery and quality of life.Social deprivation, social integration and romantic loneliness are related to loneliness, poor recovery, and reduced quality of life.A sense of belonging, ability to trust and hope are important aspects of improved loneliness, quality of life and recovery. What are the implications for practice?: The existing culture in mental health nursing practice needs to be examined to address loneliness in people living with mental illness and its impact on recovery.Existing tools to research loneliness do not consider dimensions in loneliness experience as reflected in the literature.Practice needs to demonstrate an integrated approach to recovery, optimal service delivery and augmentation of evidence‐based clinical practice to improve individual's loneliness, social circumstances, and relationships.Practice needs to demonstrate nursing knowledge in caring for people living with mental illness experiencing loneliness.Further longitudinal research is required to clearly understand the relationship between loneliness, mental illness, and recovery. Introduction: To our knowledge, there are no previous reviews on the impact of loneliness experienced by people aged 18–65, who are living with mental illness and their recovery experience. Aim/Question: To explore the experience and impact of loneliness in people living with mental illness during recovery. Method: An integrative review. Results: A total of 17 papers met the inclusion criteria. The search was conducted using four electronic databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus and PsycINFO. Across these 17 papers, participants were most commonly, diagnosed with schizophrenia or psychotic disorders and recruited from community mental health services. Discussion: The review revealed loneliness to be substantial in people living with mental illness and that loneliness affected their recovery, and their quality of life. The review identified many factors that contribute to loneliness including unemployment, financial strain, social deprivation, group housing, internalized stigma and mental illness symptoms. Individual factors such as social/community integration and social network size as well as an inability to trust, a sense of not belonging, hopelessness and lack of romance were also evident. Interventions targeting social functioning skills and social connectedness were found to improve social isolation and loneliness. Implications for Practice: It is vital for mental health nursing practice to employ an approach integrating physical health as well as social recovery needs, optimal service delivery and augmentation of evidence‐based clinical practice to improve loneliness, recovery, and quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the levels and influencing factors of mental workload in intensive care unit nurses. Background: Intensive care unit nurses have a high mental workload level. To our knowledge, no meta‐analytic research investigating the levels of mental workload in intensive care unit nurses and related factors has yet been performed. Design: This article is a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Methods: Eleven electronic databases were searched from the database setup dates until 31 December 2022. The research team independently conducted study selection, quality assessments, data extractions and analysis of all included studies. The PRISMA guideline was used to guide reportage of the systematic review and meta‐analysis. Results: Seventeen studies were included. In these studies, the pooled mean score of mental workload was 68.07 (95%CI:64.39–71.75). Furthermore, subgroup analyses indicated that intensive care unit nurses' mental workload differed significantly by countries, sample size and publication year. The mental workload influential factors considered were demographic, work‐related and psychological factors. Conclusion: Hospital administrators should develop interventions to reduce mental workload to enhance the mental health of intensive care unit nurses and nursing care quality. Hospital managers should pay attention to the mental health of nurses and guide them to correctly relieve occupational stress and reduce mental workload. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? The prevalence of mental workload among ICU nurses is higher than in other departments in hospital.There are no published systematic review and meta‐analysis studies that synthesize the current evidence. What this paper adds? This review estimated overall mental workload scores, which indicated that ICU nurses have a high level of mental workload.The levels of mental workload among ICU nurses may be influenced by multiple factors, classified for this review in terms of demographic, work‐related and psychological factors. The implications of this paper: Demographic, work‐related and psychological variables should be taken into account in developing comprehensive interventions to reduce nurses' mental workload.Similar meta‐analyses in the future can evaluate other healthcare workers and those in other regions to determine in what departments the level of mental workload is high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To obtain a deeper understanding of peoples' experiences of cancer treatments with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Background: ICIs are transforming survival outcomes for many with certain advanced cancers. Given the possibility of unique immune‐related adverse events (irAEs), understanding treatment experiences is crucial to identify support needs and provide safe and effective person‐centred care. Design: A systematic review of qualitative research and thematic synthesis. To report this review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Analysis and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) checklist and Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research (ENTREQ) guidance have been used. Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Web of Science databases were searched in January 2022 for eligible studies published in English from database inception. Review Methods: Two reviewers independently screened records, identified papers for inclusion and appraised methodological quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist. Themes were developed using thematic synthesis. Results: Eighteen papers were included and three analytical themes developed: immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment decision‐making; the experience and impact of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatments; and appraising and responding to irAEs. Conclusion: The synthesis renders visible individuals' unmet information, psychological and practical support needs. It identifies shortcomings in immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment decision‐making processes and highlights the need for healthcare professionals to recognise and sensitively handle individuals' treatment expectations. Individuals' understandings of and responses to irAEs are also illustrated, and attention drawn to patients' concerns about healthcare professionals' checkpoint inhibitor and irAEs knowledge. Implications for Patient Care: To sensitively manage treatment expectations and uncertainties, and optimise health outcomes, there are distinct points in treatment trajectories where care and support might require adapting and enhancing. Impact: This review addresses people's experiences of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatments. The core findings reveal unmet information, psychological and practical support needs. Insights derived from this review will enhance individuals' experiences and outcomes and healthcare professionals' practice. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: People with a borderline personality disorder (BPD) diagnosis or symptoms may experience emotional crises which necessitate use of the emergency department (ED). No existing reviews focus specifically on experiences of consumersa, carersb and clinicians in relation to ED presentations by people diagnosed with BPD. Aim/Question: The aim of this study was to synthesise knowledge on consumer, carer and clinician experiences of BPD in the ED. Method: An integrative review methodology was chosen as it best captures the complexity of varied perspectives and emergent phenomena from diverse literature sources. EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo and Medline were searched for papers published before 16 February 2022. Results: Nine papers met the inclusion criteria (five qualitative, one quantitative, one mixed methods and two letters to the editor). Key themes were barriers to timely and adequate care, and stigmatising attitudes and practices towards people diagnosed with BPD. Negative attitudes were perceived to perpetuate harmful outcomes and further ED visits. Discussion: Predominantly negative ED experiences were expressed by clinicians, consumers and carers. Further work is needed in ED models of care and staff education to improve the experience of care for consumers, carers and clinicians alike. Implications for Practice: Opportunities for change will exist through co‐designed innovation, education, advocacy and leadership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Globally, the population is ageing, and more people live in residential care. Best practice in personal hygiene care may reduce distressing and debilitating skin and oral problems and improve resident outcomes. Although there is guidance on personal hygiene care, implementation may be a challenge. Aim: To identify barriers and facilitators to delivering personal hygiene care for older persons in residential care settings. Methods: Systematic review reported according to PRISMA 2020 guidance. Databases MEDLINE, CIHAHL and PsychINFO were systematically searched using terms and synonyms 'barriers', 'facilitators', 'hygiene', 'older adults' and 'residential care'. Only empirical studies, reporting everyday skin and oral care, in English, peer reviewed and published from 2000 to 2021 were included. Due to methodological heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was conducted. Results: Sixteen papers yielded nine categories of barrier or facilitator. Five related to skin and oral care: (i) knowledge, (ii) skills relating to hygiene care, (iii) skills relating to supporting 'uncooperative' behaviours, (iv) lack of resources and (v) time, workload and staffing levels. The remainder related only to oral care: (vi) resident, family or carer motivation, (vii) dislike of hygiene care, (viii) carer attitudes and beliefs and (ix) social influences and communication. Six papers reported interventions to optimise care. Conclusion: This review highlights the persistent dearth of research into everyday personal hygiene practices, in particular skin hygiene in residential care. Existing literature identifies a range of barriers; however, there is a mismatch between these and reported interventions to improve practice. Relevance to clinical practice: Advances in implementation science to support optimal care have yet to be applied to interventions to support hygiene practices in care homes and it is imperative this is addressed. Future interventions should involve: (i) systematically and theoretically assessing barriers, (ii) application of tailored behaviour change techniques (iii) using these co‐design pragmatic, locally acceptable strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To examine the concept of preparedness over time in research with informal caregivers of older adults. Design: Concept analysis. Methods: Rodgers' evolutionary method of concept analysis was used to guide this theoretical paper due to the dynamic nature of preparedness, which is influenced by both context and time. Using Rodgers' inductive approach, concept elements were derived from a content analysis of included studies. In the final step, to generate hypotheses and implications regarding the concept, the conceptual structure of preparedness of informal caregivers of older adults was connected to a theoretical problem in the nursing discipline using the Caregiving Stress Process Framework. Data Sources: Four databases (EBSCO CINAHL, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid PsycINFO and Scopus) were searched in November 2022 and updated in September 2023. No date limits were set for searching, as the intent was to analyse possible variations of the concept over time. Results: The attributes of preparedness include self‐confidence, having knowledge, skills and abilities to perform daily tasks, handling emotions and developed over time. These attributes can be compared with the stressors outlined in the Caregiving Stress Process Framework (i.e., the moment the caregiver identifies some 'stressor'; something that prevents them from feeling confident in their preparedness). Conclusion: The concept of preparedness of informal caregivers of older adults is defined as caregiver's self‐confidence about their current competence related to the knowledge, skills and abilities to perform daily tasks, and to handle emotions over time. To link the concept to a theoretical perspective, we propose adaptations to a well‐known theory, the Caregiving Stress Process Framework. Future research on caregiving preparedness needs to avoid circular definitions and work with the attributes of preparedness to support caregivers. Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care: This paper contributes to the development of interventions that focus on the health and preparedness of informal caregivers of older adults. Clarifying the concept of preparedness helps nurses to support caregivers since it is then known which aspects are included in the preparedness of caregivers (e.g., daily tasks and handling emotions). A more fulsome understanding of preparedness supports us to see beyond stressors of caregiving. Impact: This study addresses informal caregivers of older adults' preparedness to provide care. We synthesized existing definitions that have been used in research with this population to propose a robust conceptualization of the concept of preparedness, which contributes to better understanding of how preparedness can be supported. Reporting Method: We were unable to locate a reporting method related to this kind of work (concept analysis). Patient or Public Contribution: Not applicable as no new data generated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia are a group of non‐cognitive symptoms such as agitation, physical aggression, depression, sexual disinhibition and psychosis. Therapeutic approaches vary because of the multifactorial and complex symptomology. The researchers of this study aimed to systematically review the nonpharmacological interventions for BPSD used by nurses in acute and subacute hospital settings. Design: The PRISMA guidelines guided this systematic review. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020184015). Method: The databases Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) complete, Medline complete, Excerpta Medica (Embase®) and PsycINFO published by the American Psychological Association (APA) were searched for studies published in English to October 2021. Quality appraisal was performed independently by three reviewers using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tools. Data were synthesized using a narrative approach. Results: Two studies were identified that focused on interventions used by nurses; findings were positive for the use of nonpharmacological interventions to manage BPSD. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that nonpharmacological interventions are the best practices to manage BPSD. However, limited, and low‐quality evidence suggests that further investigation is required to understand the factors contributing to the lack of use of nonpharmacological interventions by nurses in acute and subacute hospital settings. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) occur for approximately 95% of patients diagnosed with dementia and significantly impact individuals, families, communities and healthcare systems.Due to the limited benefits and potential harm of pharmacological interventions, nonpharmacological interventions are considered the first line of treatment to manage BPSD in clinical practice.Previous systematic reviews were limited to interventions implemented by a multidisciplinary team or nonpharmacological therapies conducted mainly in a residential or long‐term care setting.What this paper adds? The existing body of evidence ascertains nonpharmacological interventions are effective in managing BPSD in patients with dementia.The authors of this review identified a gap in research for the nonpharmacological interventions used by nurses in acute and subacute hospital settings.The implications of this paper: This systematic review acknowledges the effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions to reduce aggression and agitation in patients with dementia.It highlights two major gaps in the research: that there are very few studies conducted in hospital settings, and no studies report the use of nonpharmacological interventions by nurses on any symptoms of BPSD other than aggression in the hospital setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary: What this paper adds to existing knowledge?: Service users report telehealth interventions to be useful in terms of access and convenience however, a preference for face‐to‐face interventions remains.Nurses are using telehealth interventions in clinical practice however, further research is necessary in this area as the evidence of their involvement is limited. What are the implications for practice?: This paper highlights the use of telehealth interventions should augment rather than replace face‐to‐face care provision. Introduction: The Covid‐19 pandemic saw the swift implementation of physical and social distancing that impacted the way in which mental health services were facilitated. Consequently, telehealth/e‐health interventions are increasing in use. Aim: This integrative review aims to explore existing literature regarding mental health service users' experiences of telehealth interventions facilitated through the COVID‐19 pandemic, to determine the visibility of nursing involvement in the facilitation of telehealth interventions and to use these experiences to inform nursing practice. Method: A methodical search of eight (n = 8) academic databases was undertaken using CINAHL, SCOPUS, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane, MEDLINE and Academic Search Complete between January 2020 and January 2022. Results: A total of 5133 papers were screened by title and abstract of which (n = 77) progressed for full‐text screening. Five (n = 5) papers met the inclusion criteria for this review and results were mapped onto the four meta‐paradigms of nursing: person; where the findings discuss the acceptability of telehealth interventions; environment; where the findings highlight barriers and facilitators to the use of telehealth interventions; health; where the findings discuss staff time and logistical issues relating to telehealth interventions and nursing; where the findings centre around the therapeutic relationship. Discussion: This review highlights there is a paucity of direct evidence relating to nursing involvement in the facilitation of telehealth interventions. However, there are benefits to the use of telehealth interventions that include increased access to services, less perceived stigma and increased engagement which are relevant to nursing practice. A lack of individual contact and concerns relating to infrastructure indicates a fondness for face‐to‐face interventions remains high. Implications for Practice: There is a need for further research on the role of the nurse in the facilitation of telehealth interventions, specific interventions used and outcomes of such interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: The aim was to conduct a synthesis of the literature on value‐creating care for older persons with incontinence provided with toileting assistance and containment strategies, from the perspectives of older persons and healthcare professionals. Background: Incontinence is a health problem for many persons worldwide and the problem will increase as the global population ages. It can have a profound impact on a person's wellbeing, and assistance with toileting and containment strategies is common in home care settings and nursing homes. Design: The design was a literature review with an iterative, reflexive and critical approach. Methods: A critical interpretive synthesis was conducted. Ten papers published between 2011 and 2019 were analysed. The PRISMA ‐ScR Checklist was used in this review. Results: Based on the findings, the conceptual construct 'The art of connectedness' was developed, built on co‐created care, personalised care and reflective care between the older person and healthcare professionals. Co‐created care is based on establishing a relationship, building trust and respecting preferences. Personalised care consists of meeting the person's needs, promoting comfort and maintaining self‐determination. Reflective care entails showing empathy, upholding the person's dignity and developing professional competence. Conclusions: Value‐creating care consists conceptually of a connectedness that starts with co‐creating the care together with the older person in a close relationship. Assistance is given and received based on the older person's individual needs and is highly valued by the older person as it helps them maintain self‐determination. Reflective care is of importance for healthcare professionals. Relevance for practice: The findings are hoped to enhance healthcare professionals' understanding of how to improve the clinical encounter in nursing when providing assistance. They may also stimulate critical reflection among healthcare professionals on how to improve assistance to meet the older person's values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To review the evidence of how nurse and pharmacist roles have been incorporated into the management of patients undergoing systemic anti‐cancer therapy (SACT) services and their impact on patient experience and care provision. Design: Systematic Review. Data Sources: Seven databases were searched on 10 April 2022. Review Methods: Research studies that met defined inclusion criteria were included. Quantitative findings were converted into textual descriptions and combined with qualitative results for thematic analysis. Data were categorized and aggregated into themes. Heterogeneity of studies meant meta‐analysis was not possible. Results: Fifteen papers were included. Three main themes were identified: advanced clinical practice (ACP) SACT service development; ACP skills and qualifications; and the impact of ACP SACT services on patient care and outcomes. There is a variation in tasks undertaken by nurses and pharmacists and role integration is restricted by limited physician engagement. Role titles used and skills and qualifications acquired differ and professional autonomy is variable. Qualitative studies were limited. Conclusion: Evidence of how nursing and pharmacist ACP roles are implemented, what skills are essential and how roles are impacting patient experience and outcomes is limited. More research is required to explore patient and physician experience of, and satisfaction with multi‐professional care, alongside further evaluation of clinical delivery models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Aim: This integrative review explored violence against emergency nurses by patients/visitors, examining its nature, contributing factors and consequences. Design: Integrative review. Data Sources: Articles were obtained from PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science and PsycInfo databases, up until December 2021. Review Methods: 26 articles were reviewed, evaluating study quality with the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool and synthesizing conclusions through theme development and coding. Results: This review delves into the issue of violence perpetrated against emergency nurses by patients and visitors. It elucidates three overarching themes: the nature of violence, the contributing factors and the consequences of such acts. Conclusion: The findings inform healthcare policy for the development of prevention approaches while identifying research gaps and emphasizing the need for alternative study designs and methodologies. Impact: This review has implications for nursing practice, policymaking and research, emphasizing the need for stakeholder engagement and tailored interventions for at‐risk emergency nurses. No Patient or Public Contribution: This project was an integrative review of the literature therefore no patient or public contribution was necessary. What Already is Known: Violence by patients and visitors in healthcare settings, especially in emergency departments, has garnered considerable attention. What this Paper Adds: This review specifically examines violence‐targeting emergency department nurses from patients and visitors, assessing its characteristics, contributing factors and consequences. Implications for Practice/Policy: The findings will guide stakeholder engagement in developing interventions to support vulnerable emergency nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This review investigated the outcomes and methodological quality of infant sleep intervention studies utilizing actigraphy. Background: Parents need appropriate support for infant sleep from nurses. There are few methodological reports of actigraphy in infant sleep intervention studies that objectively measure infant sleep in a natural setting. Design: This was a systematic review study. Data Sources Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched from database establishment to 30 December 2021. Review Methods: This systematic review utilized the Cochrane Collaboration review guidelines. Results: Eleven sleep intervention studies were reviewed. Three used extinction‐based behavioural interventions, and eight included parental education programs. The infant sleep interventions positively affected the sleep outcomes of both infants and parents. Fairly consistent effects were found on infants' number of awakenings and sleep onset latency. However, parental psychosocial outcomes were inconsistent. All studies reported device placement, the algorithm for analysis, the use of a sleep diary and number of days/nights, but external movements affecting infants' sleep records were insufficiently reported. Only two studies had a low risk of bias. Conclusions: The infant sleep interventions had positive effects on both infants and their parents. Comprehensive methodological considerations are required for more standardized assessments using actigraphy for infant sleep evaluation. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Strong evidence exists that behavioural interventions improve infant sleep.Infant sleep interventions using actigraphy have gradually increased in paediatric sleep research. What this paper adds: Behavioural interventions were found to be fairly effective for infants' sleep onset latency and night‐wakings.Parental education programs were inconsistent in their effectiveness on infant sleep outcomes, compared to extinction‐based behavioural interventions. Infant behavioural sleep interventions also did not show consistent positive effects on parental variables.The use of actigraphy with infants is challenging in terms of comparability across studies due to the lack of standardized criteria for defining and scoring daytime and nighttime sleep data, and unexpected external movement detection due to variability of infants' sleep conditions. The implications of this paper: This study contributes to nursing knowledge and practice by increasing the feasibility of implementing infant behavioural sleep interventions using actigraphy and considering family contexts.Meta‐analysis is needed to clarify the effectiveness of infant sleep interventions, and further studies should investigate the long‐term effects of infant sleep interventions.In infant sleep intervention studies using actigraphy, it is necessary to use subjective and objective measures as complementary modalities. Follow‐up studies are needed to establish standards in actigraphic measurement and reporting methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and Objectives: To map out the primary research studies relating to how virtual reality (VR) has been used to distract children and young people with long‐term conditions from pain or pruritus. Background: Pharmacologic treatment of chronic pain and pruritus may have side effects; hence, non‐invasive non‐pharmacological treatments are being sought. Design: The scoping review followed the methodology recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute, PAGER framework and PRISMA‐ScR checklist. The protocol was registered with the Open Science Registration on 14 February 2022 https//doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/K2R93. Methods: Five databases (Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Scopus) were searched. Data were extracted from primary research studies published between 2000 and 2022 involving children and adolescent populations (<21 years) with a long‐term condition that had an element of enduring pruritus and/or pain. Results: Of 464 abstracts screened, 35 full‐text papers were assessed with 5 studies meeting the eligibility criteria. Three main themes emerged from the included studies: (1) Improvements in pain and daily functioning; (2) positive perceptions of VR and (3) accessibility and feasibility of VR. No papers were found on the effect of VR on alleviating pruritus. Conclusion: VR is feasible, acceptable, and safe for children and adolescents with chronic pain in a range of long‐term conditions and offers promise as an adjunctive treatment for improving chronic pain and quality of life. No studies were identified that targeted pruritis or measured pruritis outcomes; thus, the effects of VR for pruritis are unknown. There is a need for rigorously designed, randomised controlled trials to test the clinical and cost‐effectiveness of VR interventions for chronic pain and pruritis in children and adolescents. The use of the PAGER (Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence for Practice and Research Recommendations) framework for scoping reviews helped to structure analysis and findings and identify research gaps. Relevance to Clinical Practice: VR interventions offer promise in improving chronic pain related to long‐term conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Advance care planning is a process through which people communicate their goals and preferences for future medical care. Due to the complexity of the decision‐making process, decision aids can assist individuals in balancing potential benefits and risks of treatment options. Objective: While decision aids have the potential to better promote advance care planning, their characteristics, content and application effectiveness are unclear and lack systematic review. Therefore, we aimed to explore these three aspects and establish a foundation for future research. Design: Scoping review. Methods: This scoping review adheres to the framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and the PRISMA‐ScR list. Six English‐language databases were systematically searched from the time of construction until 1 December 2023. Two researchers conducted the article screening and data extraction, and the extracted data was presented in written tables and narrative summaries. Results: Of the 1479 titles and abstracts, 20 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Types of decision aids were employed, mainly websites and videos. Decision aid's primary components center around 11 areas, such as furnishing information, exploring treatment and care preferences. The main manifestations were a significant increase in knowledge and improved recognition of patients' target value preferences. Among the aids, websites and videos for advance care planning have relatively high content acceptability and decision‐making process satisfaction, but their feasibility has yet to be tested. Conclusions: Decision aids were varied, with content focused on describing key information and exploring treatment and care preferences. Regarding application effects, the aids successfully facilitated the advance care planning process and improved the quality of participants' decisions. Overall, decision aids are efficient in improving the decision‐making process for implementing advance care planning in cancer and geriatric populations. In the future, personalised decision aids should be developed based on continuous optimization of tools' quality and promoted for clinical application. Reporting Method: The paper has adhered to the EQUATOR guidelines and referenced the PRISMAg‐ScR checklist. No Patient or Public Contribution: This is a review without patient and public contribution. Registration: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/YPHKF, Open Science DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/YPHKF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the study was to identify the nature and extent of scientific research addressing continuing education for advanced practice nurses. Design: A scoping review. Review Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology for scoping reviews. Data Sources: Electronic search was conducted on 17 September 2023 via CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and the Joanna Briggs Institute's Evidence‐Based Practice Database for research articles published between 2012 and 2023. Results: Nineteen papers were included in this review. Scientific research on continuing education for advanced practice nursing roles (i.e. nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist) has primarily been conducted in the United States and mostly addresses online‐delivered continuing education interventions for clinical care competency. Most of the interventions targeted nurse practitioners. Conclusion: Continuing education has a pivotal role in supporting advanced practice nursing competency development. In addition to clinical care, future continuing education research should focus on other advanced practice nursing competencies, such as education, leadership, supporting organizational strategies, research and evidence implementation. Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care: Continuing education programmes for advanced practice nurses should be rigorously developed, implemented and evaluated to support the quality and effectiveness of patient care. Impact: Continuing education for advanced practice nursing roles is an understudied phenomenon. This review highlights future research priorities and may inform the development of continuing education programmes. Reporting Method: PRISMA‐ScR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: What is known on the subject: Sleep problems are common among those with depression, and there is increasing evidence that sleep problems should be addressed during treatment simultaneously rather than treating depression alone.The first‐line treatment for insomnia is cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I), due to a lack of well‐trained therapists and patient time constraints (travelling, work), CBT‐I has not been popularized.The development of digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (dCBT‐I) is making the treatment more accessible. What this paper adds to existing knowledge: Interventions for dCBT‐I were significantly better than other control conditions in both reducing insomnia and improving depression in patients with depression and insomnia comorbidities.The effect was found to be related to the duration of the intervention and the severity of insomnia before the intervention and therapist‐involved dCBT‐I has less shedding than self‐help. What are the implications for practice: It's important for mental health practitioners to realize that insomnia in depressed people needs to be treated.Future trials may explore the effectiveness of therapist‐guided dCBT‐I in depressed populations and analyse the cost‐effectiveness of this treatment. Aim: The aim of the study was to systematically identify and synthesize the evidence for the effectiveness of digital cognitive behavioural therapy in insomnia with comorbid depression. Design: Systematic review and metaanalysis. Methods: A search was conducted on five English and four non‐English databases from the inception of the databases to November 2023. This review adhered to the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis Statement 2020 and the included studies were evaluated using version 2 of the Cochrane risk of bias tool. This review examined sleep‐related outcomes, including insomnia severity and sleep diaries, along with psychological outcomes, such as depression. We conducted a meta‐analysis of each outcome using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed by the I2 statistic. Results: A total of seven articles with 1864 participants were included in this review. The results showed that the digital cognitive behavioural therapy group demonstrated a statistically significant amelioration in the severity of insomnia symptoms, as well as a reduction in depressive symptomatology compared with the control groups. The post‐intervention effect was found to be related to the duration of the intervention and the severity of insomnia before the intervention. Conclusions: Digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia application in patients with depression and insomnia was demonstrated to be effective, less time‐consuming and more accessible. Relevance to Clinical Practice: We may consider incorporating nurses into treatment plans and conducting nurse‐led interventions in specific programs. In the future, nurses may be able to provide exclusive digital behavioural therapy for insomnia to patients with depression to achieve greater effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: What is known on the subject?: Storytelling is an effective tool for communication, is universally comprehensible and transcends linguistic barriers, adapting to cultures easily.Storytelling has a strong influence on children and has been used for knowledge retention and for developing imagination, creativity and prosocial behaviours. What this paper adds to existing knowledge?: The systematic review offers essential insights into the effects of storytelling interventions on the development of resilience in children.It indicates the various forms of storytelling interventions implemented and also the specific measures of resilience employed in the studies.The review has demonstrated that storytelling plays a crucial role in the development of protective factors in children including resilience. What are the implications for practice?: Psychiatric and mental health nurses working in community, hospital or mental health units play an important role in mental health interventions, particularly when it comes to children and young adults.Employing storytelling techniques can help psychiatric and mental health nurses provide timely and consistent support to children while helping them explore support systems, mechanisms and coping strategies helping build resilience.This holds particular importance for low‐ and middle‐income countries where limited resources pose challenges in providing adequate support for mental health programmes for children. Methods such as storytelling are simple and adaptable to the specific challenges faced in the mental health setting. Introduction: Resilience is a crucial aspect of mental health and coping that enables individuals to effectively recover from challenges. Fostering resilience in children becomes a significant objective. Storytelling is known to positively affect resilience, providing opportunities to share and develop narratives that help make sense of difficult experiences, find meaning in them, and building beliefs around our capacity to adapt well to challenging experiences. Aim: The aim of this review is to synthesize peer‐reviewed studies on the impact of storytelling interventions in developing resilience in children. Method: The review adhered to the updated PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022365474). We conducted searches in 12 databases with search strings comprising of concepts regarding storytelling, resilience and children. Results: The review included 11 studies published between 2012 and 2022. The narrative synthesis of the studies indicates that storytelling interventions enhanced psychological resilience in children. Discussion: Storytelling‐based interventions in school settings with participatory approaches using cultural stories, and positive psychology‐based interventions were effective and feasible. Implications for Practice: This review has scope for informing future interventions with children, especially those who live in marginalized communities in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To determine the effectiveness of brief reminiscence‐based psychosocial interventions in alleviating psychological distress in cancer patients. Background: Cancer patients suffer tremendous psycho‐spiritual pain, which affects their quality of life. Brief reminiscence‐based psychosocial interventions have demonstrated positive effects on the mental health of cancer patients; however, the efficacy of these interventions has been inconsistent. Design: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Methods: This review was conducted and reported in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 checklist provided by the EQUATOR network. The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsycINFO, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus databases were systematically searched from inception to 27 November 2022 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in English. Results: Twenty studies involving 1744 cancer participants were included. The meta‐analysis showed statistically significant effects of brief reminiscence‐based psychosocial interventions on hope, anxiety and depression at post‐intervention. A separate analysis revealed that brief reminiscence‐based psychosocial interventions had a sustainable effect on hope, spiritual well‐being, anxiety and depression at 1 month after the intervention. However, no statistically significant effect on quality of life was found in our study either immediately after the intervention or at 1 month. Conclusions: Brief reminiscence‐based psychosocial interventions can significantly reduce anxiety and depressive symptoms and improve hope and spiritual well‐being in cancer patients. Relevance to Clinical Practice: This study further supports that brief reminiscence‐based psychosocial interventions should be incorporated into the routine care of cancer patients to address their psychosocial distress. Patient or Public Contribution: All authors of this article contributed to the study conception and design. All authors of the included studies provided original data for this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To synthesize the evidence of interventions based on salutogenesis for older adults. Background: With the increasing tendency of global ageing and the progression of 'healthy ageing', salutogenesis has been adopted as a framework of health promotion for older adults. Design: An integrative review following PRISMA guidelines. Data Sources: Seven databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO and CINAHL Plus were systematically searched on 29 September 2022 and updated on 18 July 2023. Results: Eighteen eligible studies were included in this review. Salutogenic‐based interventions fell into three main categories: dialogue‐based, health education courses based, and goal setting and achievement based. The intervention doses: length ranged from 4 weeks to 2 years, with most (n = 12) within 12 weeks; the duration of each session ranged from 30 to 150 min, with the majority (n = 7) within 1 h; the frequency ranged from five times weekly to three times in 10 months, and in six studies was once a week. Intervention providers were mostly multidisciplinary teams, while in four studies were nurses only. Most of the studies reported that salutogenic‐based interventions could improve older adults' sense of coherence, quality of life, self‐efficacy, self‐management, meaning of life and mental health. Conclusions: This review synthesized the interventions based on salutogenesis for older adults, including salutogenesis application, intervention and its doses, intervention settings and providers, and intervention effects. Future research on the effectiveness of the intervention, the optimal dose of the intervention and the underlying mechanisms are still necessary to understand salutogenic‐based interventions. No Patient or Public Contribution: Not apply as it's a review paper. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Salutogenic‐based intervention is effective for older adults in different scenarios to improve their health outcomes. Nurses play a key role in salutogenic‐based interventional programs and thus should be essential personnel as the intervention provider. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary: What is known on the subject?: Negative attitudes towards mental illness lead to the formation of stigma. Stigma prevents the recovery of people diagnosed with mental illness.There is evidence of stigmatic attitudes towards mental ill health among mental health professionals.Anti‐stigma initiatives, such as education and training, may be effective in enhancing or maintaining positive attitudes towards mental illness among mental health professionals. What this paper adds to existing knowledge?: Education and training that is designed and delivered around a specific mental health diagnosis or condition appears an appropriate strategy that could benefit mental health professionals to develop a deeper appreciation and understanding of mental ill health and its impacts on individuals.Consumer involvement in the education and training of mental health professionals regarding the stigma of mental illness is recommended; however, this is an under‐explored area of investigation.There is a weak evidence base regarding the long‐term sustainability of effects from anti‐stigma education and training. This should be addressed via further research in future. What are the implications for practices?: Anti‐stigma initiatives can support mental health professionals to develop stigma‐free, recovery‐oriented practices in their work. Further, such initiatives can improve the provision of evidence‐based quality care for the consumers, facilitating their recovery. Introduction: Despite an increasing focus on stigma, evidence shows prejudicial attitudes towards mental illness among mental health professionals still exist. It is suggested that anti‐stigma initiatives can aid in enhancing the attitudes of mental health professionals. However, research on initiatives targeting stigma of mental illness among mental health professionals is limited. Aim: To identify and analyse scientific literature pertaining to the effectiveness of anti‐stigma initiatives regarding mental ill health among mental health professionals. Method: A systematic literature review was performed using the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Google Search engine and Google Scholar. The papers were limited to English language, published in peer‐reviewed journals with full‐text articles available and published between the years 2008 and 2020 to understand the most recent trends in the attitudes of mental health professionals including nurses. The Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) strategy was used to identify papers meeting the inclusion criteria. Results: A total of 439 papers were identified. However, papers not meeting the inclusion criteria were excluded from selection. Three appraisers reviewed the selected papers individually using the Joanna Briggs Institute [JBI] critical appraisal tool. Finally, eight unanimously accepted papers were included in the systematic review. Several effective anti‐stigma initiatives were identified through the review, and these had positive impacts on mental health professionals' attitudes towards mental illness, for at least a short period. It was identified that contact‐based interventions are relevant and effective although the involvement of consumers and caregivers in the design and delivery of interventions was not explicitly addressed in detail in studies included in the review. Education strategies tailored for specific mental illness may be more appropriate, rather than approaches that refer to mental illness in general. Conclusions: This review shows the evidence of pessimistic attitudes towards mental illness persists among mental health professionals. Anti‐stigma initiatives identified in the selected papers were effective in changing these attitudes. Future research should be focused on the effectiveness of contact‐based interventions and understanding the longer‐term effects of the interventions among homogeneous groups. Full consideration of the varying level of clinical experience and expertise in mental health should guide the development and implementation of anti‐stigma initiatives in this context. Implications for practice: Anti‐stigma interventions can have a positive impact on mental health professionals' knowledge, attitudes and supportive caring for people diagnosed with mental illness. Such anti‐stigma interventions may meaningfully support stakeholders to address the impact of negative attitudes on the physical and mental health status of people diagnosed with mental illness. With sustained leadership, effort and reinforcement, it is possible to create workplace cultures that prioritize stigma‐free and recovery‐oriented behaviours and practices within mental health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To critically synthesize the literature that describes men's help‐seeking and engagement with general practice. Design: Integrative literature review. Data sources CINAHL plus, Medline and APA PsycInfo were searched for papers published between 1999 and March 2021. Review methods: After screening titles and abstracts, full‐text papers were screened against inclusion / exclusion criteria. All included papers were assessed for methodological quality. Findings were extracted, critically examined and synthesized into themes. Results: Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. Thematic analysis revealed four themes related to; (1) structural barriers, (2) internal barriers, (3) men's understanding of the role of general practice, and (4) self‐care and help‐seeking. The findings indicate that men can find general practice unwelcoming and unaccommodating. Men can also experience psychological barriers that impact engagement and help‐seeking. Men predominantly view general practice as a source of acute health care and do not appreciate the role of general practice in preventive health care and advice. Conclusion: This review has provided insight into the issues around the barriers to health care engagement, men's understanding of the role of general practice and their associated help‐seeking. Seeking to further understand these issues could assist in the development of strategies to promote engagement of men with general practice health care. Impact This review highlights research about men's engagement with general practice and the missed opportunities in receiving preventive health care and education. Enhancing men's engagement with general practice has the potential to reduce the impact of their health on quality of life and improve health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: What is known on the subject?: People with mood disorders often use substances.There are several clinician‐driven hypotheses explaining the relationship. What the paper adds to existing knowledge?: The paper draws together the existing research on the perceptions of those with lived experience of mood disorders on the reasons for using substances.The participants in the studies identified using substances to manage their mood when treatment to manage their mood was not effective or acceptable, and as an escape from trauma and hardship. What are the implications for practice?: Mental health nurses need an understanding of why people with mood disorders may use substances and the impact of this on their treatment.Mental health nurses need to provide trauma‐informed care that emphasizes harm reduction for those who have mood disorders and substance use. Introduction: Substance use is highly prevalent among people with mood disorders. Effective treatment for these people requires a better understanding of the relationship between both mood and substance use from the perspectives of those with lived experience. Question: What are the reasons those with lived experience of mood disorders give for substance use? Method: An integrative review was conducted. The Joanna Briggs Institute suite of critical appraisal tools was used to evaluate the quality of individual studies. Data relevant to the review question were extracted, and the results were synthesized into themes. Results: Eighteen papers met the eligibility criteria. Three themes were identified across the included studies: Managing my mood, More Effective than prescribed medication, and Escape from trauma and hardship. Discussion: This integrative review identified that people with a mood disorder who use substances described choosing to take substances to manage their mood, as an alternative to prescribed medications, and to cope with trauma and social hardships. Implications for Practice: Mental health nurses need to provide care that recognizes why people use substances. They need to understand these reasons to provide a harm reduction and trauma‐informed model of care. Evidence‐based non‐pharmacological interventions for mood disorders need to be available as an alternative to medications or as a supplement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: This review aimed to demonstrate the self‐care behaviours of first‐generation Chinese immigrants with cardiovascular disease in western countries and identify related cultural factors. Background: Self‐care is the cornerstone to mitigate disease symptoms and maintain health status. Chinese immigrants to western countries, operating within a cross‐cultural context, may find self‐care to manage their cardiovascular disease challenging. Design: An integrative review was conducted. Methods: Seven databases were searched Scopus, ProQuest Health & Medicine, Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), AMED (Ovid), PsycINFO and CINAHL, with output limited to peer‐reviewed studies published from 2000 to 2020 in English or Chinese. Initially, 2037 papers were screened. Six papers were retained and critiqued using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Deductive and inductive approaches were utilised to analyse the findings. The PRISMA 2020 checklist informed review reportage. Result: In general, Chinese immigrants with cardiovascular disease took an active role in management of their cardiovascular disease, including through diet and activity adaptation and adherence to western medication. Families also played a significant role in disease decision‐making and management. However, language and cultural barriers impeded their access to health information and resources in host countries. Relevance to clinical practice: Understanding self‐care behaviours and associated cultural factors among Chinese immigrants with cardiovascular disease is important to improve nurses' culturally sensitive practices and provide tailored health education interventions to promote self‐care behaviours among immigrant populations. The scarcity of literature on self‐care behaviours among Chinese first‐generation immigrants with cardiovascular disease indicates the need for further research in this area. Development of culturally and linguistically sensitive health resources and education programs is urgently needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To (1) give an overview of rebel nurse leadership by summarising descriptions of positive deviance, tempered radicals and healthcare rebels; (2) examine the competences of nurse rebel leadership; and (3) describe factors that stimulate or hinder the development of rebel nurse leadership. Background: Research shows nurses have lower intention to leave their jobs when they can control their work practices, show leadership and provide the best care. However, organisational rules and regulations do not always fit the provision of good care, which challenges nurses to show leadership and deviate from the rules and regulations to benefit the patient. Three concepts describe this practice: positive deviance, healthcare rebels and tempered radicals. Design: Scoping review using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and PRISMA‐ScR checklist. Methods: Papers describing positive deviance, healthcare rebels and tempered radicals in nursing were identified by searching Scopus, CINAHL, PubMed and PsycINFO. After data extraction, these three concepts were analysed to study the content of descriptions and definitions, competences and stimulating and hindering factors. Results: Of 2705 identified papers, 25 were included. The concept descriptions yielded three aspects: (1) positive deviance approach, (2) unconventional and non‐confirmative behaviour and (3) relevance of networks and relationships. The competences were the ability to: (1) collaborate in/outside the organisation, (2) gain and share expert (evidence‐based) knowledge, (3) critically reflect on working habits/problems in daily care and dare to challenge the status quo and (4) generate ideas to improve care. The factors that stimulate or hinder the development of rebel nurse leadership are as follows: (1) dialogue and reflection, (2) networking conditions and (3) the managers' role. Conclusions: Based on our analysis, we summarise the descriptions given of rebel nurse leadership, the mentioned competences and provide an overview of the factors that stimulate or hinder rebel nurse leadership. Relevance to clinical practice: The descriptions produced in this review of rebel nurse leadership and the stimulating or hindering factors listed should help nurses and managers encourage rebel leadership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary: What is known on the subject: Family members and friends (informal carers) are very important for providing support to people with mental health difficulties.When these carers are included to care planning patients seem to benefit, as they are less likely to relapse. What the paper adds to existing knowledge: There are three types of interventions including carers in the patients'transition 1) programmes that offer education in hospital; 2) programmes that involve carers in planning the patients discharge; and 3) programmes that involve carers in hospital care, discharge planning and also follow‐up in the community.Interventions including carers that take place both in the hospital and the community have the clearest evidence for benefit on relapse reduction. What are the implications for practice: Comprehensive interventions have the best evidence for effectiveness but challenges in their implementation and resourcing should be considered.It might worth trying to identify and test simpler interventions focusing on discharge planning that can be used in busy services and require more limited resources whilst providing opportunities for the participation of carers. Introduction: Involving informal carers (family and friends of patients) in mental health interventions can lead to positive clinical and psychosocial outcomes such as relapse prevention or treatment adherence. Aim/Question: To explore the evidence on the effectiveness of different models that involve carers in the transition between hospital and community mental health care. Methods: Five electronic databases (PsycINFO, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus) and Grey literature (Open Grey and Grey Literature report) were systematically searched. The results were analysed using a narrative synthesis. Results: Fourteen papers were identified. They described twelve interventions that were categorized into three groups: 1) purely educational programmes in preparation of discharge; 2) programmes that involved carers in planning the transition from the mental health inpatient treatment to community mental health services; and 3) programmes that bridged into the aftercare involving carers in community follow‐up. The most comprehensive interventions, i.e. those including psychoeducation, care planning and aftercare follow‐up were better evaluated and showed a clearer benefit in improving long‐term outcomes and, in particular, reduce re‐hospitalization. Implications for practice: Comprehensive interventions showed the clearest benefit in improving long‐term clinical outcomes of patients. Future research should explore implementation, costs and cost‐effectiveness, as comprehensive interventions delivered across different settings are likely to require wide‐ranging organizational changes and significant resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary: What is known on the subject?: The use of chemical restraint in emergency situations is to control aggression or violence to protect consumers and staff and is to be used as a last resort when all other behavioural control alternatives have been exhausted.Chemical restraint involves the use of medication. What the paper adds to existing knowledge?: This is the first paper to systematically review the prevalence of the use of chemical restraint.The use of chemical restraint is common across emergency departments and acute psychiatric inpatient units worldwide.Consumers who are restrained are also likely to receive chemical restraint.The studies reviewed demonstrate that there is a need for more standardized data collection so that clearer comparisons can be made between healthcare settings and countries. What are the implications for practice?: Implications of practice include the need to report adverse events post‐chemical restraint as these can deleteriously affect a person's physical health.Identification of and staff education about first‐line management techniques before chemical restraint is administered are significant to reduce its use. Introduction: Chemical restraint is used to manage uncontrolled aggression, agitation or violent behaviours of consumers with mental health disorders admitted to acute psychiatric or emergency settings. Aim: This systematic review aimed to synthesize the international prevalence of chemical restraint for non‐consenting adults. Method: PsycINFO, CINAHL, MEDLINE/PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for peer‐reviewed literature published between January 1996 and July 2018. This paper reports on data extracted from retrospective audits of chemical restraint practice. Results: Forty‐eight papers were included. The median prevalence of use of any restraint was 21.2% (25th% 8.0 to 75th% 36.3). Median prevalence of people who were chemically restrained, of all people restrained in any manner, was 43.1% (25th% 22.9% to 75th% 70.7%). Of all people admitted to facility(ies), the median prevalence of chemical restraint was 7.4% (25th% 2.7 to 75th% 17.6). There was no statistically significant difference in any prevalence measure considering healthcare setting or country. There was a significant decrease over the review period in the use of any restraint, including chemical restraint. Discussion and implications for practice: This is the first known comprehensive meta‐view of chemical restraint use worldwide, highlighting the need for standardized data collection to enable comparisons between healthcare settings and countries. Relevance statement: There is an international imperative to reduce or eliminate the use of coercive practices, such as physical and chemical restraint, in mental health care. This study provides important information for mental health nursing by synthesizing the international prevalence of chemical restraint for non‐consenting adults. This meta‐view of the worldwide use of chemical restraint can inform ongoing efforts to reduce its use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aims to identify and synthesize available research reporting parental mental health outcomes related to contact with a stillborn baby. Background: Stillbirth is devastating events for parents. The effects of contact with the stillborn baby on parental mental health are uncertain. Methods: This was a systematic review and meta‐analysis carried out by searching six international electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, PsycINFO and CNKI databases from inception to 15 January 2023. Review Manager software was used for data analysis. Results: Ten studies were included (n = 3974). Contact with a stillborn baby increased the risks of anxiety, depression and post‐traumatic stress disorder in the short term and increased the risks of anxiety and post‐traumatic stress disorder in the long term. Parents who had contact with a stillborn baby were more satisfied with their decision. Subgroup analysis showed that seeing a stillborn baby had no significant effect on anxiety or depression, but holding a stillborn baby increased the risks of anxiety. Conclusions: Caregivers should respect the parents' decision on whether to have contact with the stillborn baby and provide parents with continuous information, emotional and behavioural support after they have contact with stillborn babies. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Stillbirth is a tragic event for parents and the extended families and can trigger intense grief and devastating psychosocial symptoms.Although some studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of contact with the stillborn baby on parental mental health, there is no consensus on the effectiveness of contact with the stillborn baby. What this paper adds? Contact with stillborn baby, particularly holding a stillborn baby, may increase the risk of harm to parental mental health.Parents were more satisfied with their decision to have contact with a stillborn baby rather than no contact with their stillborn baby. The implications of this paper: This study may provide evidence for managers and caregivers about the development of guidelines for contact with a stillborn baby and promote parental mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To determine the impact of nurse‐led follow‐up care supporting self‐management of people who have had or have cancer. Background: Cancer care is evolving towards enabling people to self‐manage the impact of cancer, treatment and overall care on their quality of life (QoL), self‐efficacy and distress. Design: A systematic review following Joanna Briggs Institution (JBI) guidance and reported in accordance with the PRISMA statement was undertaken. Methods: Four databases were searched, OVID Medline, CINAHL, PsychINFO and Embase. Quantitative randomised control trials with people who have or have had cancer accessing nurse‐led care or nurse‐led intervention, undertaken within secondary care were included. Narrative synthesis was undertaken due to heterogeneity of measures used and time points of assessment. Results: Seven papers were included in the final review, all meeting moderate to high‐quality appraisal. Only one study found an impact of nurse‐led care on all three factors under investigation, with a further two studies finding an effect on distress. The remaining studies did not find an impact of the intervention. Conclusion: Clinical Nurse Specialists are well placed to provide follow‐up care for people with cancer, but in relation to QoL, self‐efficacy and distress, there is limited evidence of effectiveness of nurse‐led interventions. Public or patient contribution: This systematic review did not have any public or patient contribution. Relevance to clinical practice: Cancer care is moving to a chronic care, self‐management model. Clinical nurse specialists are well placed to innovate interventions that assist people with cancer to self‐manage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The aim was to examine the extent and scope of empirical research concerning registered nurses' psychological capital. Background: In a time of global nursing shortage, identifying variables that could positively contribute to the retention of the nursing workforce is essential. Prior research has shown that psychological capital correlates positively with employees' better performance and well‐being. Design: A scoping review. Data sources A systematic literature search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Scopus covering the period from 1 January 2005 to 7 May 2023. Review methods: The JBI methodological guidance for scoping reviews was followed. The results were summarized narratively. Results: A total of 111 studies reported in 114 peer‐reviewed articles were included. Studies were carried out across 20 countries, with the majority from China (45), Australia (nine), Pakistan (nine), Canada (eight), South Korea (eight) and the United States (eight). A positive correlation was found between registered nurses' psychological capital and desirable work‐related outcomes, such as work engagement, commitment and retention intention. Conclusion: A comprehensive overview of research evidence suggests that psychological capital is associated with many positive work‐related outcomes and might therefore be a valuable resource for reducing nurse turnover. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? The concept of psychological capital has been originally developed in the field of positive psychology.Psychological capital has been positively associated with many employees' desired work‐related outcomes, for example better performance, positive attitudes and well‐being.Nursing workforce researchers are increasingly interested in psychological capital as an emerging concept. What this paper adds: This review of 111 studies presents a broad overview of the research concerning registered nurses' psychological capital conducted in 20 countries.Psychological capital correlated positively with newly graduated nurses' and registered nurses' positive, work‐related outcomes such as engagement and retention intention as well as lower burnout level. The implications of this paper: Findings from this review can inform nurse managers and leaders who develop and implement strategies to promote staff well‐being and retention.Strengthening psychological capital might be beneficial both for individual registered nurses and the healthcare organizations where they work.There is a need for future research to investigate psychological capital outside the hospital settings and with longitudinal designs. The instruments identified need more cross‐cultural validations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim was to determine the overall levels and related factors of mental workload assessed using the NASA‐TLX tool among nurses. Background: Mental workload is a key element that affects nursing performance. However, there exists no review regarding mental workload assessed using the NASA‐TLX tool, focusing on nurses. Design: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Data Sources: PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, CINAHL, CNKI, CBM, Weipu and WanFang databases were searched from 1 January 1998 to 30 February 2022. Review Methods: Following the PRISMA statement recommendations, review methods resulted in 31 quantitative studies retained for inclusion which were evaluated with the evaluation criteria for observational studies as recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The data were pooled and a random‐effects meta‐analysis conducted. Results: Findings showed the pooled mental workload score was 65.24, and the pooled prevalence of high mental workload was 54%. Subgroup analysis indicated nurses in developing countries and emergency departments experienced higher mental workloads, and the mental workloads of front‐line nurses increased significantly during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Conclusion: These findings highlight that nurses experience high mental workloads as assessed using the NASA‐TLX tool and there is an urgent need to explore interventions to decrease their mental workloads. Summary statement: What is already known about the topic? Mental workload is a key element that can affect nursing performance and patient safety outcomes.Nursing is a stressful occupation, and nurses are at risk for high levels of mental workload. What this paper adds? The review, which involved 31 studies and 16,189 nurses around the world, found that nurses experienced high mental workloads, and identified several factors that contributed to their mental workload.This meta‐analysis identified trends indicating that that nurses from developing countries and those working in emergency departments may suffer higher mental workloads. The implications of this paper: Systematic evaluation of nurses' mental workload is important because it significantly affects nurses' work performance.Due to high heterogeneity, the findings should be considered with caution, and more high‐quality studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Unmet supportive care needs (SCN) refer to perceived gaps in the support parents want to manage caregiving activities for children with chronic health conditions (CHC) and the support received. This review aims to systematically identify the unmet SCN of families with children living with five common paediatric CHC and characterise the assessment tools used to measure SCN. Design: Systematic review methodology with narrative synthesis of data. Reporting followed the PRISMA statement guidelines. Method: Literature searches were conducted in electronic databases Medline complete, PsycINFO, CINHAL and EMBASE to retrieve relevant articles published between 1990 and July 2022. Eligible studies involved (i) children aged 0–18 years diagnosed with either of cancer, congenital heart disease (CHD), diabetes, asthma, renal disease and (ii) assessment of unmet SCN. Studies involving children with genetic or developmental conditions were excluded. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using JBI assessment tool. Results: Of 6223 articles screened, 34 papers were included (25 quantitative, 5 qualitative and 4 mixed design). Most papers explored unmet needs of families with cancer (n = 26). The remaining articles concerned CHD (n = 5), asthma (n = 2) and mixed CHC (n = 1, renal failure, and diabetes). Information (e.g. treatment, lifestyle, etc.) and health care (e.g. emotional support, practical services, etc.) were the most common unmet need domains across health conditions. A variety of methods and need assessments hampered comparisons between studies both across and within CHC. Conclusion: Irrespective of illness, addressing unmet informational or health care needs may help to optimise outcomes and care for children and families living with common CHC. There was considerable variation in reporting styles, study design and need assessments both within and across conditions. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Health care professionals must routinely evaluate the type, quality and quantity of psychoeducation and support that families of children with CHC want and receive. Providing nurses with more effective strategies to assess child and family needs across a broad range of domains may help to increase understanding of where further support for families is required. Patient or Public Contribution: There was no patient or public contribution to this study as it involved a systematic review of existing literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To assess the impact of educational interventions on the knowledge and attitude of healthcare professionals (HCPs) regarding sickle cell disease (SCD) pain management in the UK. Background: Variations and inadequate pain management due toHCPs' lack of knowledge and negative attitude is still an ongoing global concern for SCD patients despite availability of effective treatment and evidence‐based guidelines. Several international studies have implemented interventions aimed at improving knowledge, attitude, and pain management. No review on the effectiveness of these interventions was found. Also, no previous intervention done in the UK was found from the thorough search of research databases. However, there are estimated 240,000 genetic carriers with about 12,500–15,000 estimated people living with SCD in the UK. Design: Rapid Evidence Assessment of existing evidence. Methods: A rapid evidence assessment was conducted between March 2021–January 2022 following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Included papers must have an educational intervention about SCD or related symptom management where the learners were HCPs. Excluded papers were those not published in English or before 2010. The following databases were searched: CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed America and Europe, Scopus, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Data quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Assessment Tool (MMAT) and analysed using a narrative approach. Results: Ten studies were included in the final review. Overall, they reported improved outcomes in six main themes: knowledge, attitude, perception, adoption, satisfaction and efficiency. Five studies reported statistically significant improvement in at least one outcome, four studies reported positive improvement, and two studies reported no significant improvement in knowledge and attitude. These heterogeneous studies were implemented once, and all designs were prone to bias; this makes it difficult to state how effective interventions are for SCD. Conclusion: Current evidence of positive improvement in HCPs' knowledge and attitude is insufficient for generalisation and recommendation for adoption. However, we believe that implementing validated educational interventions remains essential for effective acute SCD pain management and patient‐centred care. Further research is needed to find a suitable educational intervention that can be replicated. Relevance to clinical practice: Quality SCD education, timely crisis management and reduced patient stigma are crucial in reducing the risk of rapid clinical decompensation to avoid developing life‐threatening complications. Understanding SCD can also support the building of therapeutic relationships between the patient and practitioner. Trial registration: This review was not registered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: What is known on the subject?: The principles of personal recovery are primarily applied in outpatient and community settings as these settings provide continuity of care and recovery‐based community programs supporting consumers' recovery journey.A range of healthcare professionals are involved in the care of people within mental health in‐patient units, including nurses, psychiatrists, psychologists, occupational therapists and social workers.The integration of recovery‐oriented care in mental health inpatient units may be impaired by a lack of confidence among mental health professionals. What this paper adds to existing knowledge?: Developing hope and a safe place is an integral part of recovery‐oriented practice within mental health inpatient units.Instilling connectedness is a relevant recovery principle; however, there may be greater barriers in mental health settings which traditionally prioritise safety and risk mitigation practices to prevent perceived harmful behaviours.Staff workload and inadequate understanding of recovery concepts present challenges to promoting recovery‐oriented care in everyday practice.Using strength‐based practice is critical in promoting a safe space for consumers by providing psychosocial interventions and person‐centred care. What are the implications for practice?: The provision of recovery‐oriented practice requires adopting a collaborative approach that places a strong emphasis on the involvement of consumers and their families.Empowering mental health professionals to believe that recovery‐oriented practice is possible in mental health inpatient units is crucial.Mental health professionals need to create a safe environment and positive relationships through respect and empathy for consumers and their family members. Introduction: Recovery‐oriented practice underpins an individual's personal recovery. Mental health nurses are required to adopt a recovery‐oriented approach. Globally, a paucity of literature exists on mental health professionals' experience of recovery‐oriented practice in mental health inpatient units. Aim: The aim of this synthesis was to explore the experiences of healthcare professionals regarding recovery‐oriented care in mental health inpatient units by appraising and synthesising existing qualitative research. Method: Three databases, including MEDLINE, PsycINFO and CINAHL were searched between 2000 and 2021. Data were extracted and synthesised using thematic integrative analysis. The quality of included studies was assessed with the CASP Critical Appraisal Checklist. Results: Ten qualitative research projects met the inclusion criteria. Four themes were identified (i) developing a safe and hopeful space, (ii) promoting a healing space, (iii) instilling connectedness and (iv) challenges to realising recovery‐oriented care. Discussion: Mental healthcare professionals perceived the principles of recovery‐oriented care to be positive and include: therapeutic space, holistic care and person‐centred care. Nevertheless, findings revealed limited knowledge and uncertainty of the recovery concept to be key barriers that may hinder implementation into practice. Implications for Practice: Recovery‐oriented practice must underpin consumer and family engagement, treatment choices and continuity of care to facilitate consumer's personal recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Elder abuse is a global human rights issue, particularly in residential care settings where there is limited understanding of older people's experiences of this phenomenon. This scoping review aims to map and describe the existing literature on this phenomenon. Methods: Using Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology, further developed by Levac et al. and the Joanna Briggs Institute, a systematic search of six databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published from inception to January 2023. Studies were included if they focused on older people's experience of abuse within residential care settings. A comprehensive data extraction process was employed to identify key themes from the included studies. Results: The initial search yielded a total of 3701 articles of which eight met the inclusion criteria. The findings revealed a range of abusive experiences encountered by older people living in residential care settings, including psychological, physical, financial, neglect and sexual abuse. The common attributes of residents vulnerable to abuse were evident throughout each of the studies. Finally, the theme of organizational neglect was apparent through the absence of effective safeguarding measures in the included studies. The findings revealed the insufficient implementation of safeguarding measures increases the risk of abuse among residents. Conclusion: This scoping review highlights the limited research on the experiences of older people who have encountered elder abuse in residential care settings. The findings stress the need for further research exploring the complex interplay of factors contributing to elder abuse within aged care settings. The insights gained from this scoping review can inform the development of comprehensive safeguarding strategies to prevent and address elder abuse in residential care settings, promoting the well‐being and safety of older people. Patient or Public Contribution: This project is a scoping review of the literature; therefore, no patient or public contribution was deemed necessary. What this paper contributes to the wider global community: Most research on elder abuse has been conducted in the community rather than in Residential Care Settings where there is a limited understanding of older people's experiences of abuse within the published literature.The scoping review highlights the presence of inadequate safeguarding strategies in Residential Care Settings within the reviewed studies, providing recommendations for developing and improving safeguarding measures in Residential Care Settings to prevent abuse, neglect, and harm in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this paper is to present the evidence on the effectiveness of non‐surgical interventions to improve health and well‐being in women living with Mayer–Rokitansky–Kuster–Hauser (MRKH) syndrome. Design: Systematic review guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews checklist. Data Sources: The search was conducted between June and September 2022 across the following databases: CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline, PsycINFO and Cochrane. Trial registries (clinicaltrials. gov, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), Cochrane Controlled Trials Register‐CCTR), Google scholar, dissertations, conference proceedings and reference lists of included studies were also searched. Corresponding authors, formal and informal MRKH groups were contacted to obtain any significant studies or reviews. Review Methods: Eligible were only English‐language empirical studies of any time period. The review followed narrative synthesis. Results: Twenty‐three studies were identified that fit the inclusion criteria which included 1540 MRKH syndrome affected women. Four studies were on psychological interventions (n = 85) and 19 studies (vaginal dilation therapy n = 897, coital dilation n = 57) focused on non‐surgical vaginal dilation as a measure to vaginal agenesis in MRKH syndrome. Conclusions: Clearly, vaginal dilation is a viable initial treatment option for women with MRKH syndrome. There is limited evidence that 'coital dilation' is an effective method of dilation for vaginal agenesis. The literature, however, supports the need for psychological intervention to improve health and well‐being. Impact: Women with MRKH syndrome who require dilation can receive guidance and support from their healthcare providers, particularly sexual and reproductive health nurses, clinical nurse specialists and gynaecologists. From the point of diagnosis, clinical psychologists should be involved. As much as feasible, family and partner support can be encouraged. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]