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Objective: Decreased insulin sensitivity and impairment of β-cell function predate and predict development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Time-restricted eating (TRE) might have a benefit for these parameters. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate this possibility., Methods: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial comparing 12 weeks of TRE (8-hour eating window) to unrestricted eating (non-TRE) was performed. Participants were adults with overweight or obesity and without diabetes. Two-hour oral glucose tolerance testing was performed at baseline and end-intervention. Glucose tolerance test-derived measures of insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and β-cell function were compared between groups., Results: Participants (17 women/3 men with mean [SD] age 45.5 [12.1] years and BMI 34.1 [7.5] kg/m 2 ) with a prolonged eating window (15.4 [0.9] hours) were randomized to TRE (n = 11) or non-TRE (n = 9). The quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), Stumvoll index, Avignon index, insulinogenic index, insulin area under the curve/glucose area under the curve, and oral disposition index did not differ between the TRE and non-TRE groups at end-intervention., Conclusions: In adults with overweight or obesity and without diabetes, TRE did not significantly alter insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, or β-cell function over a 12-week intervention. Whether TRE is beneficial in adults with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus warrants further investigation., (© 2022 The Authors. Obesity published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Obesity Society.)

Objective: In contrast to intentionally restricting energy intake, restricting the eating window may be an option for treating obesity. By comparing time-restricted eating (TRE) with an unrestricted (non-TRE) control, it was hypothesized that TRE facilitates weight loss, alters body composition, and improves metabolic measures., Methods: Participants (17 women and 3 men; mean [SD]: 45.5 [12.1] years; BMI 34.1 [7.5] kg/m 2 ) with a prolonged eating window (15.4 [0.9] hours) were randomized to TRE (n = 11: 8-hour window, unrestricted eating within window) versus non-TRE (n = 9: unrestricted eating) for 12 weeks. Weight, body composition (dual x-ray absorptiometry), lipids, blood pressure, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance, 2-week continuous glucose monitoring, and 2-week physical activity (actigraphy assessed) were measured during the pre- and end-intervention periods., Results: The TRE group significantly reduced the eating window (end-intervention window: 9.9 [2.0] hours) compared with the non-TRE group (end-intervention window: 15.1 [1.1] hours) (P < 0.01). Compared with non-TRE, TRE decreased the number of eating occasions, weight, lean mass, and visceral fat (all P ≤ 0.05). Compared with preintervention measures, the TRE group reduced the number of eating occasions (-21.9% [30.1%]) and reduced weight (-3.7% [1.8%]), fat mass (-4% [2.9%]), lean mass (-3.0% [2.7%]), and visceral fat (-11.1% [13.4%]) (all P ≤ 0.05). Physical activity and metabolic measures remained unchanged., Conclusions: In the setting of a randomized trial, TRE presents a simplified view of food intake that reduces weight., (© 2020 The Obesity Society.)