1. Observations on the growth of temporalis muscle: A 3D CT imaging study
- Author
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Greg James, Giulia Moltoni, Richard Hayward, Maria Camilla Rossi-Espagnet, and Felice D'Arco
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Histology ,temporalis muscle ,Adolescent ,Intraclass correlation ,Temporal Muscle ,Muscle hypertrophy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Deformity ,Medicine ,Metopic synostosis ,Humans ,Child ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,childhood ,muscle growth ,business.industry ,Skull ,Soft tissue ,Infant ,Cell Biology ,Anatomy ,Original Papers ,Masticatory force ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Child, Preschool ,Crest ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
This study investigates the hypothesis that there is, during childhood, a disproportionate age-related expansion of the origin of temporalis muscle compared to the growth of the underlying skull. Lateral projections of 50 randomly selected 3D reformatted computerized tomographic (CT) scans (yielding 100 temporalis muscles) of children aged >0.6 to 15 years scanned for conditions that did not affect the shape of their head or face were windowed to provide the optimum delineation of temporalis muscle against the underlying bone. Vertical and anterior-posterior measurements of the muscle made independently by two observers were compared with those of the skull along the same planes. The development of the anterior temporal crest was also assessed. The intraclass correlation coefficient for differences in the measurements made by each observer ranged from good to excellent. The muscle and skull measurements were used to produce a ratio of muscle-to-skull lengths in both vertical and horizontal planes. Analysis of these ratios showed a statistically significant increase in the vertical reach of temporalis with age (Pearson correlation coefficient (R) =0.7826; p
- Published
- 2020