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Porus scaffold has been desired as bone graft materials due to its important property to bone ingrowth. Hydroxyapatite (HA) has excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. Moreover, TCP is a resorbable bone graft material. The blood cockle shell can be converted into HA and TCP by hydrothermal method. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of porous HA-TCP scaffold derived from blood cockle shells synthesis on the osteoblast in socket healing. HA-TCP was synthesized from blood cockle shells using hydrothermal method at 200oC for six and 12 hours (Group 1 and 2). The XRD was carried out to determine the HA-TCP composition. HA-TCP with gelatine combination (1:1) scaffolds were made using freeze dry method. The pore sizes were confirmed by SEM and a porosity test was carried out. The scaffolds were applied in the incisive socket of mandible rats for seven and 14 days. Thereafter, histological evaluations were perfomed. In the XRD results, Group 1 showed HA54,5%-TCP9,1%; Group 2 showed HA51,5%-TCP16,8%. The SEM image confirmed the pore sizes of Group 1 and 2 were in the range 41,76-64,8µm and 41,02-49,1µm. The scaffold porosity of Group 1 and 2 were 72,98% and 77,51%. The histological evaluation after seven and 14 days showed the osteoblast number of Group 2 were significantly greater than Group 1. This study suggested the osteoblasts in porous HA-TCP scaffold derived from blood cockle shell synthesis were dependent on the porosity of scaffold and HA-TCP composition. The osteoblast proliferation were prominent for the group with composition HA51,5%-TCP16,8% and 77,51% porosity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was identified phytochemical compounds of extracted Aloe vera and to analyze antiosteoclastogenesis activity through the RANK expression and osteoclast cells on socket of tooth extraction of Cavia cobaya. Identification phytochemical compounds used colorimetric methods. Docking analysis to predict binding to TLR-2 receptor. Thirty-six male Cavia cobaya were divided: K (-) was not used scaffold, K (+) with chitosan and P with combination Aloe vera and chitosan. Each group divided into 7 and 14 days observation. Immunohistochemical examination was conducted to examine the RANK expression and Histopathological examination to examine osteoclast cells. The compounds identified in the extracted Aloe vera included flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and anthraquinone. There was hydrogen bonding and steric interaction between Aloe vera and TLR-2 receptor. Anova test showed RANK and osteoclast significant decreased (p≤0.05; p=0.00) especially in P compare to K (-) and K (+). LSD Test showed significant differences between the groups. Aloe vera’s compounds have anti-osteoclastogenesis activity and its combination with chitosan decreased the RANK expression and osteoclast on socket healing of Cavia cobaya. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Candida usually considered as a normal flora in the oral mucosa and Grave’s disease is an autoimmune thyroid disorder that have a very noticeable sign like exophthalmos and can occur at any age. The aim of this study is to analyze a case of oral candidiasis in a patient with Grave’s disease after dental surgery. There was a 40-years-old-female with hyperthyroid (Grave’s disease) under controlled which carried out of dental surgery in the lower left third molar with local anesthetic and suffered swelling two days after surgery performed. She was hospitalized for 3 days, and treated by internist and oral surgeon. Candida tropicalis was found from fungal culture on the gingival mucosa 38. The swelling was reduced after treatment and the patient was in a good condition. The act of surgery in oral cavity may lead to the emergence of fungal infection (Candidiasis) in immunocompromised patient as in Grave’s disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]