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Objective To understand the death level among the residents in Yunlong district of Xuzhou city and its leading causes in order to provide the scientific basis for formulating the preventive and control measures. Methods The death data of residents in Yunlong district during 2014 were performed the classification and coding according to the international classification of diseases-10 (ICD-10). The statistical analysis was performed by adopting the Death Reg 2005 death causes analysis software. Results The registered population in Yunlong district of Xuzhou city during 2014 were 325 782 people, 1 946 cases of death were reported with the mortality rate of 597.33/100 000, the standardized rate was 406.32/100 000. The main death causes were heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, malignant neoplasm, respiratory diseases, injury and poisoning, which accounted for 84.12% (1 637/1 946) of total death toll. Conclusion The chronic non-infectious diseases are the main death causes among residents in Yunlong district of Xuzhou city. The health education and behavioral intervention intensity should be enhanced to reduce the incidence of chronic non-infectious diseases, thus reduce the death rate of residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]