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Objective To research the expression level of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9) in glioma tissue and their differential diagnostic value in low-level brain glioma and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT) .Methods All pathological specimens were taken from 160 newly diagnosed patients with gliomas in Guangdong Clifford Hospital and Chinese People′s Liberation Army Southern Theater Command Gneral Hospital from January 2015 to December 2020,including 40 patients with World Health Organization (WHO) grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ gliomas.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression levels of HSP70 and S100A9 in 160 cases of glioma and normal brain tissue adjacent to tumor, and 20 cases of DNT.Results The detectable rates of HSP70 and S100A9 were 85.0% (136/160) and 7.5% (12/160),respectively.The expression of HSP70 in gliomas with differences WHO grades was statistically significant (P＜0.05),and the expression level increased with the improvement of who grade of gliomas, which could also be used for the differential diagnosis of low-grade gliomas and DNT.S100A9 had no statistical difference in different WHO grades (P＞0.05),and it could not be used for the differential diagnosis of DNT and low-grade glioma.There was no correlation between HSP70 and S100A9 expression in glioma tissues.Conclusion HSP70 can be used in the diagnosis of brain glioma.The expression level increases with the improvement of WHO grade of glioma, and can be used in the differential diagnosis of low-level glioma and DNT.S100A9 has no such value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]