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Planning War, Pursuing Peace is the third in Koistinen's multivolume study on the political economy of American warfare. It differs from preceding volumes by examining the planning and investigation of war mobilization rather than the actual harnessing of the economy for hostilities, and it is also the first book to treat all phases of the political economy of wartime during those crucial interwar years. Koistinen first describes and analyzes the War and Navy Departments' procurement and economic mobilization planning - never before examined in its entirety - and conveys the enormity of the task faced by the military in establishing ties with many sectors of the economy. Koistinen then describes the American public's struggle to come to terms with modern warfare through in-depth explorations of the work of the House Select Committee on Expenditures in the War Department, the War Policies Commission, and the Senate Special Committee Investigating the Munitions Industry. He tells how these investigations alarmed pacifists, isolationists, and neo-Jeffersonians, and how they led Senator Gerald Nye and others to warn against the creation of "unhealthy alliances" between the armed services and industry.

Associations between children's social competence with peers and differential aspects of their teacher-child relationships were examined in a longitudinal sample of 48 4-year-old children enrolled in child care as infants. Toddler security with teacher was negatively associated with hostile aggression and positively with complex peer play and gregarious behaviors. Prosocial behaviors and withdrawing behaviors were associated with preschool security with teacher. Dependence on teachers as a preschooler was associated with social withdrawal and hostile aggression. Positive toddler teacher socialization was associated with higher perceived peer acceptance. Preschool teacher negative socialization was negatively associated with complex peer play, teacher ratings of hesitancy, friendly enactment, and accidental attribution and positively related to teacher ratings of difficulty.

(1) Organic matter decomposition was monitored for 49 days at 15 0C by measuring CO2 fluxes from microcosms in the form of soil cores. Some microcosms were amended with activated sewage sludge and/or Eisenia foetida (Oligochaeta). The biomass of E. foetida increased only when sludge was added. (2) The redox potential (Eh > 390 mV) indicated oxidizing conditions and no methane was produced. Those microcosms amended with sludge had an exponential decline in carbon mineralization without E. foetida. Decreased rates of sludge decomposition were arrested by E.foetida. (3) Labile constituents of sludge were converted to earthworm biomass and respiration. The increase in biomass accelerated sludge stabilization which reduces odours and pathogens. (4) Earthworm activity dispersed the sludge within the soil.

Early studies of auditors' professional judgments focused on assessments of internal control for payroll systems (Ashton [1974a]), and the resulting effects on audit program plans (Joyce [1976]). This initial work has been extended to consider auditing students (Ashton and Kramer [1980]), changed cue sets (Ashton and Brown [1980], Hamilton and Wright [1980], and Reckers and Taylor [1979]), changed order of cue presentation (Ashton and Brown [1980]), and increased availability of cases (Ashton and Brown [1980]). Audit program planning judgment research has been extended to consider a larger cue set and the effects of guidance and review using a single situation evaluation by the auditor (Mock and Turner [1981]). Protocol analysis has been utilized to identify criteria auditors' use in evaluating internal controls (Biggs and Mock [1980]), and the tasks of audit program planning and internal control evaluation have been compared to investigate task effects (Gaumnitz et al. [1982]). Using a task and situation similar to the one used in the Ashton and Ashton et al. studies we extend this work by considering explicitly the relationship between years of experience and judgment consensus (interauditor agreement), the stability (reliability) of judgments, the relative

(1) Soil microcosms were treated with combinations of sewage sludge and two species of earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris L. and Eiseniafetida (Savigny), and then incubated for 46 days at 16 'C. (2) In sludge microcosms, L. terrestris increased in biomass, reduced organic matter and moisture percentages in surface layers, increased water-stable soil aggregates of 4 mm diameter and over and reduced the population density of nematodes. (3) In sludge microcosms, E. fetida increased in biomass, increased 0 5-1 0-mm diameter water-stable soil aggregates and reduced percentage moisture and the density of nematodes but did not affect the percentage of organic matter. (4) The presence of E. fetida had a negative effect on weight gain and cast stability of L. terrestris.

Gorman, W. M. "Separable Utility and Aggregation." Econometrica 27 (July 1959), 469-81. Green, H. A. John. Aggregation in Economic Analysis (Princeton, 1964). Henderson, James M. and Richard E. Quandt. Microeconomic Theory: A Mathematical Approach (New York, 1971). Hicks, John R. A Revision of Demand Theory (Oxford, 1956). Lancaster, Kelvin. Mathematical Economics (New York, 1968). Lipsey, Richard G. and Gideon Rosenbluth. "A Contribution to the New Theory of Demand: A Rehabilitation of the Giffen Good." This JOURNAL IV (May 1971), 131-63. Samuelson, Paul A. Foundations of Economic Analysis (Cambridge, Mass., 1947). Silberberg, E. "The Le Chatelier Principle as a Corollary to a Generalized Envelope Theorem." Journal of Economic Theory 3 (June 1971), 146-55. Strotz, R. "The Empirical Implications of a Utility Tree." Econometrica 25 (April 1957), 269-80. Strotz, R. "The Utility Tree: A Correction and Further Appraisal." Ibid. 27 (July 1959), 482-8.