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In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of ultra-high speed grinding spindle system is analyzed by using digital analysis methods. The spindle system is the key components of the machine tool, and its performance directly determines the machining stability and accuracy. Liquid hybrid bearing, with its superior performance has been widely applied to high speed and heavy machine tools. In order to study the spindle system, Fluent software was used to analyze the dynamic characteristics of liquid hybrid bearing. With the increase of the rotational speed, the capacity of liquid hybrid bearing changes significantly, and the relationship between the capacity and rotational is linear in intermediate stage. At the same time, the stiffness and damping of the liquid hybrid bearing has a corresponding increase with the increase of rotational speed. When the rotational speed increase to a certain extent, the dynamic performance of the spindle system will improve. Finally, the concentrated mass method and the finite element analysis method were used to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the spindle system, respectively. The results obtained by the both methods have good consistency, and the critical speed is about 14000 rve/min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]