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Background: Isolated complete atrioventricular block is a rare disease often associated with maternal autoantibodies. This study aimed to present the midterm data of patients at our clinic diagnosed with isolated complete atrioventricular block. Methods: We evaluated 108 patients diagnosed with isolated complete atrioventricular block. Demographic data of the patients, electrocardiography, echocardiography, 24-hour Holter monitoring data, and follow-up and complications of the patients who underwent pacemaker implantation were evaluated retrospectively. Results: The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 5.51 +- 5.05 years. At the time of diagnosis, 74.8% of the patients had no symptoms associated with complete atrioventricular block. The most common symptom was fatigue. Pacemaker implantation was needed in 88 (81.4%) patients during follow-up. Significant bradycardia was the most common pacemaker implantation indication. The mean battery life was 5.41 +- 2.65 years. The battery replacement-free period of 68 patients who underwent pacemaker implantation and continued their follow-up was 4.18 +- 2.89 (0.1-10) years. Pacemaker-related complications developed in 8 patients during follow-up. Left ventricular dysfunction developed (dyssynchrony induced) in 3 patients at follow-up, and all were paced from the right ventricular anterior wall. Those patients underwent cardiac resynchronization therapy and their left ventricular dysfunction improved. Conclusion: Isolated complete atrioventricular block is a rare disease requiring careful clinical follow-up. Patients are often asymptomatic and significant bradycardia is the most common indication for pacemaker implantation. Left ventricular dysfunction is an important cause of morbidity, especially in patients with right ventricular anterior wall pacing. Physicians should be aware of left ventricular dysfunction during follow-up. Cardiac resynchronization therapy should be considered as a treatment option for left ventricular dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE: The effects of Vasoactive-Ventilation-Renal (VVR) score on the evaluation of pediatric heart surgery results were investigated in this study. METHODS: This retrospective study included children younger than 18 years of age who were operated for congenital heart disease between was July 1st- December 31st 2018. Patients who needed ECMO support at the first postoperative 72 hours were not included in the study group. The postoperative initial, 24th and 48th-hour Vasoactive-Inotrope Score (VIS) and VVR scores of all patients were calculated in the intensive care unit (ICU). The effects of these scores on lengthy ICU duration (PCILOS, duration more than the upper 25th percentile) and to the hospital mortality (before 30 days) were evaluated. RESULTS: There were 340 patients in this study. The median age was 12 months (1 day-18 years), and the median weight was 7 kg (2.5 -82 kg). 18% of the patients had single ventricle physiology. Total correction was performed in 88% of the patients. Median RACHS 1 score was 2 (1–6). PCILOS was>112 hours and total mortality was 4%. The 0th hour VVR ICU c index=0.73 (CI: 0.70–0.77), mortality c index=0.77 (CI: 0.69–0.85). VVR at 24th hour ICU c index=0.75 (CI: 0.71–0.79), mortality c index=0.86 (CI: 0.81–0.91). VVR at 48th-hour ICU c index=0.87 (CI: 0.82–0.92), mortality c index=0.92 (CI: 0.87–0.97). The VVR score at 48th-hour was a strong indicator for the prediction of both LICU duration (odds ratio [OR]: –1.44; p=0.001) and hospital mortality (OR: –1.28; p=0.001). CONCLUSION: The postoperative VVR score can be a strong determinant for the prediction of early clinical results in congenital heart disease patients, which were considerably a heterogeneous group.

Williams syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by mental retardation, growth deficiency, hypercalcemia, cardiac defects, and a distinctive facial appearance. Cardiovascular abnormalities are present in approximately 80% of Williams syndrome patients. Surgical treatment is generally performed for supravalvular aortic stenosis, aortic coarctation, pulmonary artery stenosis, or ventricular septal defect. In rare cases, diffuse hypoplasia of the aortic arch with a normal left ventricular outflow tract and ascending aorta may be diagnosed in early childhood. Described herein is the case of a 16-month-old female with Williams syndrome and diffuse hypoplasia of the aortic arch and isthmus, and concomitant pulmonary stenosis and a ventricular septal defect. The patient underwent a successful surgical repair of the aortic arch with a modified pericardial patch technique.

Objective: Ventricular repolarization (VR) markers may predict ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of a hemodialysis (HD) session and HD adequacy on VR markers in HD patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at 2 university hospitals with 83 patients and VR markers were measured before and after an HD session: QT, QTc, QT minimum, QT maximum, dispersion of QT (QTd), T-peak to T-end (Tp-e) interval, and Tp-e/QT. Kt/V measurements calculated using the second generation Daugirdas formula were used to indicate dialysis adequacy. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the Kt/V value. Group 1 patients had a Kt/V of ≤1.6 with a standard dialysis dose, and Group 2 comprised those with a measurement of >1.6 with a high dialysis dose. Results: There were 36 patients in Group 1 and 47 patients in Group 2. There were statistically significantly more female patients in Group 2 (p=0.016). After an HD session, heart rate increased, blood pressure decreased, and the QT, QTc, QT maximum, QTd, Tp-e interval, and Tp-e/QT were prolonged (p

Isolated left-sided partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection with intact interatrial septum is a rare diagnosis in childhood. In these cases, a vertical vein drains the left upper pulmonary lobe into the brachiocephalic vein and finally to the right atrium. Surgical treatment is performed to prevent right ventricular failure and pulmonary artery disease in advanced age. In this report, the rare entity of isolated left-sided anomalous pulmonary venous connection in a 14-year-old girl and successful minimally invasive surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass are described.

Andersen-Tawil syndrome (ATS) is a disorder that causes episodes of muscle weakness (periodic paralysis), changes in heart rhythm, and developmental abnormalities. QT prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias, including bidirectional ventricular tachycardia (VT) and polymorphic VT, may occur. About 60% of all cases of the disorder are caused by mutations in the KCNJ2 gene. A 13-year-old female patient was referred for frequent premature ventricular contractions. Suspicion of ATS due to dysmorphic findings, electrocardiogram changes, and periodic muscle weakness was genetically confirmed. Beta-blocker therapy was initiated as a first-line treatment for bidirectional VT and frequent polymorphic premature ventricular contractions. Despite proper treatment, the VT attacks were not brought under control. Flecainide was added to the treatment regime. The number of premature ventricular contractions was dramatically reduced with flecainide and the VT attacks completely disappeared. This patient is a rare example of ATS in our country. This article provides a description of successful management of rhythm disturbance in a patient with ATS

INTRODUCTION[|]The aim of the present study was to determine the density of nerve fibers in the functional layer of the endometrium in patients with endometriosis in order to determine if it could be used as a minimally invasive diagnostic method for endometriosis. A secondary goal was to assess the relationship between the severity of pelvic pain due to endometriosis and the density of nerve fibers in endometrial sampling materials.[¤]METHODS[|]Endometrial sampling was performed in 67 patients who presented at the hospital between August 2011 and November 2012. Endometriosis was diagnosed by surgical histopathological examination. A total of 34 patients diagnosed with endometriosis were selected as the study group. Thirty-three patients who were operated on for benign conditions other than endometriosis were selected as a control group. Immunohistochemical detection of the nerve fiber marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) was used to analyze the endometrial samples for nerve fibers. Visual Analogue Scale scores were used to evaluate the correlation between nerve fiber density and the severity of pelvic pain. Statistical analyses were calculated with SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 17.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).[¤]RESULTS[|]The mean density of nerve fibers was 1.85+-1.74 fibers/mm2 in the endometriosis group. In the control group, the mean density was 1.15+-1.48 fibers/mm2. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p=0.08). The pelvic pain score did not correlate with PGP 9.5 intensity. [¤]DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION[|]The detection and measurement of nerve fibers in the eutopic endometrium using the PGP 9.5 marker was not found to be a decisive noninvasive method to diagnose endometriosis.[¤]

INTRODUCTION[|]Optimal surgical approach for patients with hemodynamically significant carotid and cardiac disease remains controversial. [¤]METHODS[|]Total of 370 randomized patients who underwent 412 carotid endarterectomies (42 cases were bilateral) and cardiac surgery between 2009 and 2014 were enrolled in the study. All patient data, including demographic details, risk factors, immediate perioperative events, 30-day and long-term outcome, were prospectively recorded and then analyzed statistically as mean and SD.[¤]RESULTS[|]Of the patients, 29.4% (n=108) were female and 70.6% (n=262) were male. Mean age was 64 years (range: 42–86 years). In all, 37.03% (n=137) of the patients were defined as symptomatic. Asymptomatic severe carotid artery stenosis (≥70%) was diagnosed in 62.98% (n=233) of the patients. Mean observation time in intensive care unit following surgery was 2.84 (+-1.20) hours and total hospital stay was 3.72 (+-1.64) days. Restenosis was diagnosed in 7 (1.69%) of the patients during follow-up. Rate of cardiac events and stroke in postoperative early term were 2.94% and 0.72%, respectively.[¤]DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION[|]Awake carotid endarterectomy is safe and reliable procedure. Patient consciousness can be optimally evaluated during operation with regional anesthesia, thereby allowing for precise determination of need for shunt and avoiding unnecessary use.[¤]

Summary– Kabuki syndrome is a rare congenital malformation syndrome characterized by mental retardation, skeletal deformities, auditory dysfunction, cardiac defects, and distinctive facial appearance. Although complex cardiovascular malformations present in early childhood, rarely, atrioventricular septal defects may also present in young adults. Presently described is case of a 22-year-old female with KS who presented with ostium secundum atrial septal defect with deficient rim and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. In this case, minimally invasive robotic surgery was preferred for closure of atrial septal defect.

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Scimitar syndrome is a rare disease associated with a right lung sequestration vascularised by arteries arising from the abdominal aorta and abnormal venous drainage into the inferior vena cava. The infantile form is generally presented with severe heart failure, pulmonary hypertension and respiratory distress. It may be associated with various intracardiac defects, including atrial septal defects, ventricular septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus or more complicated structural congenital heart defects. Here, we present a 2-month-old girl with Scimitar syndrome whose pulmonary arterial pressure decreased after transcatheter patent ductus arteriosus closure and embolization of the anomalous systemic arterial supply.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to compare treatment outcomes of the patients with federation of gynecology and obstetrics stages III and IV ovarian carcinomas, who underwent interval debulking surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), and patients who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy after primary debulking surgery (PDS). METHODS Patients from four centers (n=183) were retrospectively evaluated. Of the patients, 91 (50%) were in the PDS group and 92 (50%) in the NACT group. RESULTS In the NACT group patients have advanced age, poor performance status, high levels of CA125, and advanced disease stage compared with the PDS group (p<0.050). Of the patients receiving NACT, 14 (15%) had a complete response, and 68 (74%) had a partial response. The R0 rate was higher in the PDS group (p=0.018). In univariate analysis, poor prognostic factors affecting OS were NACT in the treatment protocol (p<0.001), poor performance status (p<0.001), advanced age (<70 vs. =70, p=0.002), advanced clinical stage (p=0.042), and localization of the tumor with the largest diameter outside the omentum and ovary at the time of diagnosis (p=0.029). In the multivariate analysis, the presence of NACT (HR: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.25-4.23, p=0.007) and poor performance (HR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.18-5.10, p=0.017) were independent poor prognostic factors for OS. CONCLUSION In the study, OS was better in the PDS group than in the NACT group. This result was thought to be associated with the NACT group having more disadvantageous characteristics (advanced age, poor performance, high CA125 level, advanced stage, etc.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports that the isolated congenital complete atrioventricular block is an uncommon disease linked to SSA/Ro and SSB/La autoantibodies that come from the mother. Topics include examines several patients are diagnosed prenatally or in the first month have a congenital heart condition and the diagnosis is considered to be childhood CAVB.

Copyright of Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology / Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: The effects of Vasoactive-Ventilation-Renal (VVR) score on the evaluation of pediatric heart surgery results were investigated in this study. METHODS: This retrospective study included children younger than 18 years of age who were operated for congenital heart disease between was July 1st- December 31st 2018. Patients who needed ECMO support at the first postoperative 72 hours were not included in the study group. The postoperative initial, 24th and 48th-hour Vasoactive-Inotrope Score (VIS) and VVR scores of all patients were calculated in the intensive care unit (ICU). The effects of these scores on lengthy ICU duration (PCILOS, duration more than the upper 25th percentile) and to the hospital mortality (before 30 days) were evaluated. RESULTS: There were 340 patients in this study. The median age was 12 months (1 day-18 years), and the median weight was 7 kg (2.5 -82 kg). 18% of the patients had single ventricle physiology. Total correction was performed in 88% of the patients. Median RACHS 1 score was 2 (1-6). PCILOS was>112 hours and total mortality was 4%. The 0th hour VVR ICU c index=0.73 (CI: 0.70-0.77), mortality c index=0.77 (CI: 0.69-0.85). VVR at 24th hour ICU c index=0.75 (CI: 0.71-0.79), mortality c index=0.86 (CI: 0.81-0.91). VVR at 48th-hour ICU c index=0.87 (CI: 0.82-0.92), mortality c index=0.92 (CI: 0.87-0.97). The VVR score at 48th-hour was a strong indicator for the prediction of both LICU duration (odds ratio [OR]: -1.44; p=0.001) and hospital mortality (OR: -1.28; p=0.001). CONCLUSION: The postoperative VVR score can be a strong determinant for the prediction of early clinical results in congenital heart disease patients, which were considerably a heterogeneous group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology / Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A case study of a 1-year-old child is presented with a case of the coexistence of double aortic arch (DAA) and tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Topics include the diagnosis and symptoms of DAA; the diagnostic process using echocardiography and computed tomography angiography; and the importance of recognizing accompanying congenital heart diseases for appropriate surgical planning.

Copyright of Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology / Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology / Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology / Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Southern Clinics of Istanbul Eurasia is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology / Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Southern Clinics of Istanbul Eurasia is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Psychiatric Nursing / Psikiyatri Hemsireleri Dernegi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: Chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent arrhythmia in patients undergoing open-heart surgery. In this study, we compared the results of irrigated monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency (RF) ablation in the surgical treatment of AF. METHODS: Sixty-three patients with chronic AF, who underwent open cardiac surgery and concomitant irrigated RF ablation between October 2004 and January 2006, were retrospectively studied in two groups. Group 1 included 31 patients (22 female, 9 male), who underwent monopolar RF ablation, and Group 2 included 32 patients (18 female, 14 male), who underwent bipolar RF ablation. All patients received amiodarone during the first 6 months after surgery. Rhythm status of patients after RF ablation was followed-up postoperatively in the intensive care unit, on the day of discharge, and at their follow-ups with electrocardiography. In patients with a documented sinus rhythm (SR) at follow-up, the presence of atrial transport function was assessed with transthoracic echocardiography. Statistical analyses were performed by using t-test for independent samples, Chi-square test and McNemar's test. Complication-free survival during follow-up was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: There was no hospital mortality in both groups. One patient from Group 1 had non-cardiac mortality (colon carcinoma). While in monopolar ablation group SR was documented in 83.3% of patients at a mean follow-up period of 11.5 ± 4.0 months (between 4-18 months), 68.8% of patients from bipolar ablation group was in SR at a mean follow-up period of 9.3 ± 3.0 months (between 4-15 months). In patients with documented SR during follow-up visits, atrial transport function was 76.6% in cases undergoing monopolar ablation, whereas it was 72.7% in cases undergoing bipolar ablation (p=0.797). Pacemaker implantation was performed in one (3.4%) patient from Group 1 after hospital discharge and in one (3.1%) patient from Group 2 during hospital stay. CONCLUSION: Irrigated monopolar and bipolar RF ablation are both safe and effective in terms of restoring SR and atrial transport function in patients with chronic AF, who underwent open cardiac surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent arrhythmia in patients undergoing open-heart surgery. In this study, we compared the results of irrigated monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency (RF) ablation in the surgical treatment of AF. Methods: Sixty-three patients with chronic AF, who underwent open cardiac surgery and concomitant irrigated RF ablation between October 2004 and January 2006, were retrospectively studied in two groups. Group 1 included 31 patients (22 female, 9 male), who underwent monopolar RF ablation, and Group 2 included 32 patients (18 female, 14 male), who underwent bipolar RF ablation. All patients received amiodarone during the first 6 months after surgery. Rhythm status of patients after RF ablation was followed-up postoperatively in the intensive care unit, on the day of discharge, and at their follow-ups with electrocardiography. In patients with a documented sinus rhythm (SR) at follow-up, the presence of atrial transport function was assessed with transthoracic echocardiography. Statistical analyses were performed by using t-test for independent samples, Chi-square test and McNemar's test. Complication-free survival during follow-up was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: There was no hospital mortality in both groups. One patient from Group 1 had non-cardiac mortality (colon carcinoma). While in monopolar ablation group SR was documented in 83.3% of patients at a mean follow-up period of 11.5±4.0 months (between 4-18 months), 68.8% of patients from bipolar ablation group was in SR at a mean follow-up period of 9.3±3.0 months (between 4-15 months). In patients with docu kullamented SR during follow-up visits, atrial transport function was 76.6% in cases undergoing monopolar ablation, whereas it was 72.7% in cases undergoing bipolar ablation (p=0.797). Pacemaker implantation was performed in one (3.4%) patient from Group 1 after hospital discharge and in one (3.1%) patient from Group 2 during hospital stay. Conclusion: Irrigated monopolar and bipolar RF ablation are both safe and effective in terms of restoring SR and atrial transport function in patients with chronic AF, who underwent open cardiac surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anatolian Journal of Cardiology / Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Psychiatric Nursing / Psikiyatri Hemsireleri Dernegi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology / Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The standard procedure in percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with Amplatzer duct occluder-I (ADO-I) is transvenous closure guided by aortic access through femoral artery. The current study aims to compare the procedures for PDA closure with ADOI: only transvenous access with the standard procedure. Methods: This study was designed retrospectively and 101 pediatric patients were included. PDA closure was done by only femoral venous access in 19 of them (group 1), arterial and venous access used in 92 patients (group 2) between 2004 to 2012 years. The position of the device and residual shunt in group1 was evaluated by the guidance of the aortogram obtained during the return phase of the pulmonary artery injection and guidance of transthoracic echocardiography. Shapiro-Wilk's test, Mann-Whitney U, chi-squared tests were used for statistical comparison. Results: The procedure was successful in 18 (95%) patients in group 1 and 90 (98%) patients in group 2. Complications including the pulmonary artery embolization (n=1), protrusion to pulmonary artery (n=1), inguinal hematoma (n=3), bleeding (n=2) were only detected in group 2. In other words, while complications were observed in 7 (7.2%) patients in group 2, no minor/major complication was observed in group 1. Complete closure in group 1 was: in catheterization room 14 (77.8%), at 24th hour in 2 (11.1%), at first month in 2 (11.1%). Complete closure in group 2 was: 66 (73.4%) patients in the catheterization room, 21 (23.3%) at 24th hour, 3 (3.3%) at first month, complete closure occurred at the end of first month. Conclusion: In percutaneouse PDA closure via ADO-I, this technique can be a choice for patients whose femoral artery could not be accessed, or access is impossible/contraindicated. But for the reliability and validity of this method, randomized multicenter clinical studies are necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Mitral valve repair has become the procedure of choice for almost every type of mitral regurgitation (MR) in the current surgical era. We assessed clinical outcomes of mitral valve repair in severe MR. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 103 patients (61 male, 42 female, mean age 53.2±14.8 years), who were planned to undergo valve repair were included. Mitral valve pathology was regurgitant in 86% and mixed in 14% of patients. The intention to perform mitral repair was successful in 100 (97.1%) of patients. Concomitant procedures were performed in 57 (57%) patients including 31 coronary artery bypass grafting and 13 tricuspid valve repairs. After surgery, early (<30 days) and late (>30 days) complications were recorded. Postoperative echocardiography was performed in all patients at discharge and during clinical follow-up. Late survival and freedom from adverse events including thromboembolism, endocarditis, reoperation, and residual severe MR were estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results: There was no early mortality. Echocardiographic assessment of patients at discharge revealed no/trivial regurgitation in 89% and mild (1+) MR in 11% of all patients. Late mortality occurred in only one patient at 14 months because of renal failure. The mean follow-up period of patients was 21.2±10.3 months. Echocardiographic examination during follow-up revealed that mitral insufficiency was none or mild in 96% of patients. Three (3%) patients had moderate (2+) MR and were treated medically. Mitral insufficiency recurrence with severe (3+) regurgitation occurred in one (1%) patient undergoing coronary artery revascularization and concomitant left ventricular aneurysmectomy. Re-operation was needed in only one (1%) case because of infective endocarditis that was treated with mechanical valve replacement. Kaplan-Meier estimates were 99±2.7% for late survival and 98±2.2%, 99±2.7%, 99±2.7% and 99±0.9% for freedom from thromboembolism, endocarditis, reoperation, and residual severe MR, respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that mitral valve repair provides excellent surgical outcomes. Repair procedures are safe, and highly effective, but operations require a considerable surgical experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Williams Beuren syndrome, is a genetic disorder which gets its characteristic features by aging. The aim of this study is to evaluate patients diagnosed WBS, and to share our experience. Material and Methods: Patients who diagnosed WBS were evaluated retrospectively. Systemic examination, echocardiographic and renal doppler findings, thyroid functions and genetic analysis results were collected from patient file, and statistical analyses were done. Results: 1996 to 2009, 31 patients (20 male), who were 1 month to 13 years old diagnosed WBS. Main reason for admission was murmur evaluation in 71%, and growth retardation in 16.1%. Genetic analyses were done on 23 patients and 7q11.23LSI.ELN deletion was positive in 73.9% patients. Analyses of cardiovascular examinations revealed; isolated peripheral pulmonary stenosis in 38.7%, isolated supravalvular aortic stenosis in 35.5% and both in 25.8%. Symptomatic seven patients with pulmonary stenosis and three patients with aortic stenosis applied balloon angioplasty. But three of them, which were not benefit from angioplasty, treated by surgically. In rest of the patients, stenosis did not worsen. Idiopathic hypercalcemia was evaluated in 10 patients, but not detected. Retinal arterial vascular tortiosity ratio was 82.6%. Two patients (8.7%) diagnosed hypothyroidism. Conclusion: In this study patients diagnosed WBS were evaluated, and results were discussed with literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A letter to the editor is presented which discusses diagnosis of congenital heart diseases that required intervention followed-up in neonatal intensive care unit.

Pulmonary hypertension is an important determinant of morbidity and mortality in many diseases, including congenital heart disease and respiratory disease. Fibrosing mediastinitis is a rare disorder caused by proliferation of acellular collagen. In fibrosing mediastinitis, clinical presentation is determined by compression to the vital mediastinal organs. Fibrosing mediastinitis may rarely lead to pulmonary veno-occlusive disease. In this case report, a 16 year old boy with pulmonary arterial hypertension was presented. His right pulmonary artery was completely occluded secondary to idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis. The patient died after mediastinal biopsy. Herein, we discussed pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a five-year-old girl who was suffering with cardiac tamponade as well as fever and respiratory distress who was later diagnosed with Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection. It mentions the detection of an excessive amount of fluid in the pericardial cavity through echocardiography. It further mentions that the pericardial fluid was treated with surgical drainage through acyclovir, ceftriaxone, and vancomycin therapy.