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Due to the scarcity of tissues and organs for transplantation, the demand for bioengineered tissues is increasing with the advancement of technologies and new treatments in human and animal regenerative medicine. Thus, decellularized placental extracellular matrix (ECM) has emerged as a new tool for the production of biological scaffolds for subsequent recellularization and implantation for recovery of injured areas or even for replacement of organ and tissue fractions. To be classified as an ideal biological scaffold, the ECM must be acellular and preserve its proteins and physical features to be useful for cellular adhesion. In this context, we developed a process of decellularization of canine placentas with 35 and 40 days of gestation using dodecyl sulfate sodium under immersion and agitation in sterile conditions. Before use of this scaffold in recellularization processes, the decellularization efficiency needs to be confirmed by the absence of cellular content and an irrelevant amount of reminiscent DNA. Both vasculature architecture and ECM proteins, such as collagen types I, III, and IV, laminin, and fibronectin, were preserved with our method. In this way, we established a new biological scaffold model that could be used for recellularization in regenerative medicine of tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Diabetes is known as a worldwide disease with a great burden on society. Since therapeutic options cover a limited number of target points, new therapeutic strategies in the field of regenerative medicine are considered. Bioscaffolds along with islet cells would provide bioengineered tissue as a substitute for β-cells. The perfusion-decellularization technique is considered to create such scaffolds since they mimic the compositional, architectural, and biomechanical nature of a native organ. In this study, we investigated 2 decellularization methods preserving tissue microarchitecture. Methods: Procured pancreas from Sprague-Dawley rats was exposed to different percentages of detergent for 2, 4, and 6 h after cannulation via the common bile duct or aorta. Results: High concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), i.e., > 0.05%, resulted in tissue disruption or incomplete cell removal depending on the duration of exposure. In both methods, 6-h exposure to 0.05% SDS created a bioscaffold with intact extracellular matrices and proper biomechanical characteristics. Tissue-specific stainings revealed that elastic, reticular, and collagen fiber concentrations were well preserved. Quantitative findings showed that glycosaminoglycan content was slightly different, but hydroxyproline was in the range of native pancreas tissue. Dye infusion through ductal and vascular cannulation proved that the vascular network was intact, and scanning electron microscopy indicated a homogeneous porous structure. Conclusions: Using the detergent-based method, an effective and time-efficient procedure, a whole pancreas extracellular matrix bioscaffold can be developed that can be used as a 3D structure for pancreas tissue engineering-based studies and regenerative medicine applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]