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Field experiments were conducted at two locations in northern rainfed Punjab, Pakistan to assess the seed yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in response to application of different levels of sulfur and phosphorus. The treatments comprised three levels (0, 40 & 80 kg P2O5 ha-1) of phosphorus and three levels (0, 15 & 30 kg S ha-1) of sulfur from two sulfur sources (gypsum & ammonium sulfate) in different combinations. Phosphorus was applied in the form of triple super phosphate. Crop was harvested at maturity and data were recorded for seed yield. Application of phosphorus and sulfur resulted in significant increase in seed yield up to 34 and 17 % over control, respectively. Effect of combined application of phosphorus and sulfur was synergistic at nutrient application rate of 40 kg phosphorus and 15 kg sulfur ha-1, while antagonistic at 80 kg phosphorus and 30 kg sulfur ha-1. Value cost ratio was higher for combined application of phosphorus and sulfur as compared to their sole application. Therefore either 80 kg phosphorus along with 15 kg sulfur ha-1 or 40 kg phosphorus in combination with 30 kg sulfur ha-1 should be applied in order to maximize profit from chickpea crop under rainfed conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]