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A chemical, MNU-induced hulless barley mutant line designated as 'Mutant 98 (M98)' was developed from a Korean hulless waxy barley cultivar, 'Chalssalbori'. The objective of the study was to determine the genetic basis of 'M98' and the possibility of using 'M98' as breeding parent to improve lysine level. Compared to 'Chalssalbori', 'M98' had large embryo and higher lysine content in both the embryo and endosperm. Significantly different lysine content in 'M98' and the other high-lysine barley mutant stocks was observed for two years. However, the genotype by year interaction was not significant. 'M98' was higher than the other high-lysine barley mutant stocks in the percentage of lysine of total amino acid composition (0.75%). The trait of shrunken endosperm of 'M98', which was typical in the high-lysine mutants, was inherited by a single recessive gene. Based on seed morphology and lysine content of F1 seeds, 'M98' had a genetically different gene from the other high-lysine mutants for shrunken endosperm. Segregation of F2 for plump/shrunken endosperm did not fit the expected ratio of Mendelian inheritance except for only one cross combination (GSHO1784 (lys1)/M98). The amino acid analysis of F5 and F6 progenies from the cross between 'M98' and 'Chalssalbori' revealed that the attempt to increase the range of lysine content of plump lines did not go beyond the limit of the average high-lysine barley germplasm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new soybean cultivar for soy-paste, 'Daeha 1', was developed by soybean breeding team in the Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute (YARI) in 2008. A promising line, SS97214-S-S-S-15, was selected from the combination between 'Suwon192' and a pedigree came from cross combination between 'Jangyeobkong' and 'Hwaeomputkong'. It was designated as the name of 'Milyang 164'. It had good result from regional adaptation yield trial (RYT) for three years from 2006 to 2008 and released as the name of 'Daeha 1'. It has a determinate growth habit, white flower, grey pubescence, yellow seed coat, yellow hilum, large spherical seed (25.4 grams per 100 seeds). 'Daeha 1' is tolerant to soybean mosaic virus and bacterial pustule, the major soybean disease in Korea. The average yield of 'Daeha 1' was 2.62 ton per hectare in the regional yield trial (RYT) carried out for three years from 2006 to 2008, which was 5 percent higher than that of check cultivar, 'Taekwangkong'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soybean is one of the most widely planted crops supplying oil and edible bean. Soybean has a complicated genome due to at least two rounds of polyploidization. Although there are several types of molecular markers available for soybean genotyping, agarose gel-based molecular markers for this purpose are not sufficient. The objective of this study was to develop STS markers that can discriminate Korean soybean cultivars using agarose gels. We employed methylation filtering (MF) technique for constructing a genomic DNA library of "HwangKeum" and selected 1,440 colonies. Of the 1,440 colonies, 887 colonies which had more than 700 bp of insert DNA were sequenced. A total of 143 STS primer sets were designed from sequencing data of selected colonies. One hundred one STS primer sets showed unique band in 14 Korean soybean cultivars and digested with 7 restriction enzymes including Hinf I. Among them, 18 STS primer sets showed polymorphic bands. We developed 51 marker combinations and selected 14 marker combinations, which were used to discriminate 110 Korean soybean cultivars. As the results, 106 cultivars (96.4%) were discriminated by using agarose gel-based markers. Therefore, STS-CAPS markers could be useful to discriminate soybean cultivars and identify soybean genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new Japonica variety, 'Keunnun' was induced from the mutants of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) treatment on fertilized egg cell of Ilpumbyeo by a rice breeding team of National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, in 2005. This variety has about 136 days of growth duration from transplanting to harvesting and a midium-maturty with heading date of August 17 in central plain area of Korea. It has resistance to lodging with strong culm and good semi-elect plant type. The number of panicles/hill of 'Keunnun' is more than that of Hwaseongbyeo. 'Keunnun' has a giant-embryo and richer GABA content than that of Ilpumbyeo after 2 days' germination in sprouting brown rice. It is susceptible to leaf blast, bacterial blight, virus disease and insect pests. The yield performance of this variety is about 4.52 MT/ha in milled rice in local adaptability test for three years from 2003 to 2005. 'Keunnun' is one of cultivars adaptable to central and southern plain area of Korea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out to evaluate the variation of isoflavone contents in 106 soybean cultivars released from 1913 to 2006 in Korea. A total of seed isoflavone content including genistein, daidzein and glycitein contents ranged from 527.9 μg/g to 3436.5 μg/g with an average of 1489.0 μg/g. The daidzein content ranged from 153.0 μg/g to 1710.4 μg/g with an average of 650.5 μg/g and the glycitein content ranged from 32.2 μg/g to 308.2 μg/g with an average of 146.2 μg/g. The genistein content ranged from 203.4 μg/g to 1502.4 μg/g with an average of 692.3 μg/g. Soybean cultivars which showed higher total of isoflavone content than any other cultivars were 'Baegcheon' (2553.9 μg/g), 'Bosuk' (3436.5 μg/g) 'Daehwang' (2709.2 μg/g), 'Daemang 2' (2595.0 μg/g), 'Jangki' (2769.9 μg/g), 'Pungwon' (2872.8 μg/g), 'Sojin' (2521.8 μg/g), and 'Sorog' (2956.1 μg/g). 'Bosuk' showed the highest total of isoflavone content among Korean soybean cultivars. Significant differences in isoflavone contents appeared to be related with the released years, edible use types, seed sizes and breeding locations in Korean soybean cultivars. Cultivars released in 2000s showed the highest total of isoflavone content, followed by both 1980s and 1990s, and before 1980 showed the lowest content. Cultivars for bean sprouts showed the highest total of isoflavone content, for soy sauce and paste showed the second highest content, followed by cooking with rice, and vegetable and early maturity showed the lowest content according to edible use types. Small seed cultivars showed the highest total of isoflavone content, followed by medium seed, and large seed showed the lowest content. Among three breeding locations, Iksan showed the highest total of isoflavone content, followed by Milyang, and Suwon showed the lowest content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new sesame variety 'Miheuk' was developed from Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute in 2006. Cross was made by 'Kyeongbuk I' with high quality and F1 line of 'Yoosung' with weak disease resistance and 'SuwonI31' with high yields capacity & disease resistance, followed by pedigree selection, yield test and RYT by the sesame breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science and Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute from 1999 to 2006 to 2006. The variety shows higher amino acid content and more dark seed coloring than that of check variety 'Yangheuk'. Average stem length and the number of capsules per plant were 125cm, 77 respectively. It's 1000 grains weight was about 2.57 g indicating 0.20 g lower than that of 'Yangheuk', and it's oil content is about 45.8% which is about 4% higher than that of check variety. 'Miheuk' also contained 17,000 mg/100 g of total amino acids. And it's dark color density (L" Value) of seed coat is 22.87 which is about 15% lower than that of check variety. The average yield of 'Miheuk' is 96.8 kg per 10a at the national-wide regional performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A single cross hybrid, Heukjinjuchal, is a black color waxy corn (Zea mays L.) developed by the maize breeding team at NICS in 2008. Heukjinjuchal was produced by crossing two inbred lines, KBW24 as seed parent and KBW2 as pollen parent. Ear length and ear diameter of Heukjinjuchal was 16.0 cm and 4.4 cm, respectively. The ratio of kernel set length/ear length was 89%, similar with that of a check hybrid, Chalok1. It is resistant to Northern corn leaf blight disease and also lodging tolerant. Fresh ear yield of Heukjinjuchal comparable with those of a check hybrid, Chalok1 in regional yield trials for three years. Seed production of this hybrid is relatively easy because of well overlapping period of silking and pollen dispersal between the two parents. This cultivar would be well adaptable to the whole country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]