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Despite of the achievements of pharmacology it is very actually to improve the diagnosis and therapy of different chronic hepatic diseases. The purpose of the investigation is to study trace element (TE) status in patients with chronic hepatic diseases for estimating the possibility of therapy efficiency improvement. 102 patients with chronic hepatic diseases, aged from 19 to 60 were clinically and laboratory investigated. Group 1 (36 patients) suffered from alcoholic liver cirrhosis, group 2 (35 patients) had chronic alcoholic steatohepatitis and group 3 (31 patients) had non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Multielement blood plasma analysis by ICP-MS and ICP-OES was perfomed in the Center of Biotic Medicine (Moscow). The results showed the significant changes in TE status in patients with chronic hepatic diseases that proves the expediency of studying both the essential and toxic element in such patients to improve the diagnosis and to optimize the treatment. Patients with chronic hepatic diseases are characterized by changing of such elements as Al, Ca, Cu, K, Se, Zn, that leads to necessity of using them for diagnosis.

The results of aortocoronary shunting (ACSh) were studied in 243 patients after myocardial infarction at different stages of rehabilitation--in rehabilitative hospital and military sanatorium. Result assessment at the final stage of therapy in sanatorium confirmed ACSh efficiency in overwhelming majority of patients. At the same time principal peculiarities were revealed showing the necessity of differential approach to determination of volume and place for conduction of restorative therapy. Process of successful adaptation in most patients is achieved during the periods up to 8 weeks that corresponds to two-staged rehabilitative system. More long periods of therapy are required for patients having complications not arrested at hospital stage, low exercise tolerance, poor psychological readaptation. Optimization of rehabilitative system in order to determine the volume and place of rehabilitation will contribute to further improvement of staged therapy in such patient group.

The article studies the problems in organization of therapeutical care in Mobile Forces on the basis of the analysis of medical support of troops in local wars. The authors emphasize the high dynamics of changes in the structure of military disease hazards depending on different combat theaters. This fact proves the necessity to make a transition to a module principle of formation of medical units and establishments which provide medical care to the wounded and sick.

The study of 820 histories was carried out in order to ascertain characteristic features of clinical course of acute pneumonia in the conditions of Afghanistan. All these patients underwent treatment in the Central Military Hospital of the 40th Army in Kabul in 1980-1989. The immunity status, the the level of peroxide oxidation of lipids (POL), and the state of antioxidant system (AOS) were also studied in 132 patients. The clinical course of pneumonia in comparison with its manifestation on the territory of Russia was characterized by pronounced intoxication of an organism, broncho-obstruction, vast inflammatory infiltration, hyperactivization of the immune system, POL, and AOS exhaustion. All these factors correspond to the syndrome of disadoptative disorders. Medications recommended for complex treatment: antioxidants, immunoglobulins, albumin, low-molecular dextrans.

According to the structural metabolic theory of radiation injuries radiotoxins perform a leading role in the development of disorders. The experiments have disclosed the characteristic features of the development of toxemia in irradiated organism. These data have served as a ground for studying the efficiency of various methods of detoxication. Metabolic plasmapheresis is seemed to be of most pronounced effect in comparison with other methods of detoxication. On the basis of the results of these studies several practical recommendations were provided for performing an early disintoxicative therapy in patients with radiation injuries.

Peroxide oxidation of lipids and antioxidant system perform an important role for making an adequate response of cells, organs and systems to radiation influence. The results which were obtained made it possible to forward a supposition concerning the efficiency of antioxidant drugs for prophylaxis and treatment of radiation injuries. It seems to be perspective for military medicine to study the efficiency of antioxidants for prophylaxis of injuries among personnel in radioactive contamination zones.

There are lack of principle differences between the problems of medical aid during the military and civil disasters, and therefore one can draw a conclusion concerning the validity and necessity of using the experience of military medics in disaster medicine during peace-time. The following aspects are discussed: organization of therapeutic caring of the victims during Chernobyl's AES disaster, earthquake in Armenia and accident in chemical enterprise "Nitrogen" in Jonava. Requirements to the teams for emergency medical service have been formulated with determination of Principles of putting them into practice; the further directions of therapeutic aid improvement are outlined.