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The authors comment on the results of a phase 3 randomized controlled trial of an inactivated enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccine. The study "Efficacy, Safety, and Immunology of an Inactivated Alum-Adjuvant Enterovirus 71 Vaccine in Children in China: A Multicentre, Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Trial" published within the issue is referenced. The results are said to indicate a satisfactory safety profile for the vaccine.

The authors consider new vaccine combinations, such as the bivalent type 1 and 3 oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV), as an important development in the eradication of poliomyelitis. They present data on the prevalence of poliomyelitis in several countries, such as India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria. They discuss the role of the intramuscular (Salk) inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) in the elimination of poliomyelitis. The authors also mention the critical role of political and societal will in eradicating poliomyelitis.