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Introduction. This thesis investigates the digitisation of Indigenous collections at the Museum of World Culture (Gothenburg, Sweden), with particular attention to Carlotta’s role in shaping the digital collections. Previous studies have shown that there is a need for more research on the practical aspects of digitisation efforts on Indigenous cultural heritage in Sweden. Method. The museum’s documentation—digitisation strategies, annual reports and other official documents—was explored. In addition, several interviews and participant observations were conducted. Qualitative content analysis was used to evaluate the empirical data Analysis. The qualitative analyses of this study’s empirical data used postcritical and postcolonial museological theories. Additionally, Bhabha´s Third Space theory was applied Results. The results show that the digitisation of collections at the museum according to the organisation´s plans, applying the recommended guidelines and considering the ethical implications that arise when working with Indigenous material has not been achieved. Moreover, the results show that Carlotta is not a suitable collections management system for Indigenous cultural heritage. Conclusion. This study concludes that the Museum of World Culture needs to adapt the goals of its digitisation processes to the type of collections and resources they have and incorporate a decolonisation computing approach. In addition, there is a need for official regulations or guidelines addressed to those working with Indigenous collections in Swedish libraries, archives and museums., The thesis was funded by the Swedish National Archives (Riksarkivet samfond 2023).

Syftet med denna studie är att nå fördjupad kunskap kring attityder till och upplevelser av arbetspendling. Uppsatsens frågeställningar är vilka direkta och indirekta svårigheter och utmaningar den enskilde upplever under sin arbetspendling. Kvalitativ metod har använts och tre personer ur skolans personal har intervjuats. Dessa primärdata har sedan analyserats med hjälp av Hägerstrands (1970) tidsgeografiska modell och Legrain et al. (2015) teori om objektiv och subjektiv stress. Tidigare forskning visar att arbetspendling har betydelse för människors vardag, matchning på arbetsmarknad och ekonomisk tillväxt. Arbetspendling kan genom ökad rörlighet skapa möjligheter för individer att hitta ett bättre boende och eller arbete. Arbetspendling kan ha negativa konsekvenser för individens välbefinnande och bidra till stress, trötthet och minskad livskvalité. Undersökningens resultatet visar att intervjuperson 1, som åker kollektivt har högre kapacitetsrestriktioner än vad intervjuperson 2 och 3 har som åker bil. Intervjuperson 1 har barn i både förskole- och skolåldern och är beroende av dessa verksamheters tider dvs. styrningsrestriktioner. Av intervjusvaren framgår att han är den mest stressade och missnöjda av de intervjuade. Analysen är att denna stress och missnöje grundar sig i att han inte har kontroll över rummet och över sin tidsanvändning. Av intervjusvar framgår att intervjuperson 1, som åker kollektivt behöver 2x70 minuter till sin överföring per dag. Intervjuperson 2 och 3 behöver 2x20 minuter. Intervjuperson 1 har lämnat över ansvaret för hämtning och lämning till och från dagis, skola och aktiviteter till annan familjemedlem. Både denna studie och tidigare forskning visar att tidtabellbelagda kollektiva transportmedel begränsar möjligheten att ta del av omgivningens utbud. Uppsatsens slutsatser är: att Intervjuperson 2 och 3 är beredda att ta den ökade kostnaden för att åka bil, då komforten är bättre och livskvalitén högre. Att den lägre nöjdheten hos

This thesis draws on the theory of new materialism to posit an alternative approach to cultural heritage digitization. Modifying the method of critical digitization and synthesizing it with the method of thick description for the study of damaged cultural heritage, this thesis proposes the method weird digitization which seeks to challenge traditional selection criteria for cultural heritage digitization as well as challenging practices of mass digitization. Seeking to identify the cultural heritage objects that may be overlooked using traditional selection criteria as well as ones that may pose challenges to digitization, this approach seeks to highlight the value of damaged or otherwise “weird” cultural heritage while exploring how the digitization of these materials may practically be undertaken. This approach is practically assessed through the exploratory digitization and analysis of selected damaged photographs in the IKFF (Internationella Kvinnoförbundet för Fred och Frihet) collection housed within the KvinnSam (the Swedish National Resource Library for Gender Studies) archive at the Gothenburg University Library. The discussion explores the pragmatic, affective, and artistic benefits of such an approach to cultural heritage digitization.

This research delves into the realm of dark tourism, specifically examining four European sites with challenging cultural legacies: Auschwitz, Anne Frank's House, the Berlin Wall, and the Catacombs of Paris. Dark tourism includes visits to locations associated with themes of death, suffering, and catastrophe. The primary intention is to explore the motivations of tourists and navigate the ethical considerations. The study integrates survey data and qualitative analysis to uncover the diverse motivations of visitors, with 41 people participating in the survey. The results highlight a spectrum of reasons for exploration, including historical interest, curiosity and a willingness to understand. Ethical concerns emerge as influential factors while deciding either to engage with or avoid specific sites. The outcomes of this research contribute valuable insights to the understanding of dark tourism within the European landscape, unraveling the dynamics between memory, history and tourist experiences.

Over more than a century of museum and heritage practices, it has been maintained that we need to protect and preserve the past for the benefit of future generations. Emerging discussions in Heritage Studies on heritage futures have started to challenge the axiomatic nature of this rhetoric, showing that preservation is not always the best (or sole) way to address the future in museum and heritage practices. Here we draw on these emerging discussions to address museum futures and other heritage futures. We elaborate on examples of possible futures in museums and heritage practices, including aspects of security policy and mobilization of civil societies in conflict situations, museum and heritage activism for the future, climate change and ways to embrace change to accommodate for sustainable futures. From our results we see variation in how futures are anticipated in museum and heritage practices, including addressing futures as: (1) unspoken and implicit; (2) as a contemporary agenda to act from; or (3) as an unfinished process that informs contemporary practices., Unesco chair on Heritage Futures

This study investigates the aesthetic perception and emotional responses to AI-augmented digital art across different age groups, contextualized within AI ethics and digital humanities. It explores the intersection of ethical considerations in AI development and application, emphasizing the role of digital humanists in advocating for the ethical use and deployment of AI technologies. Utilizing a web art gallery featuring both traditional and AI-generated artwork images and videos, responses were collected from 52 participants using Likert scale ratings, marked emotions for each artwork, and open-ended questions. The study employed an interdisciplinary approach to highlight the importance of ethical reflection, responsibility, and accountability in AI. Data preparation, descriptive statistics, and focused age group analysis were conducted. Research questions explore significant differences in the perception and emotional engagement with art between generational cohorts, with younger viewers expected to show more positive responses to AI-augmented art. Analysis revealed that younger participants demonstrated a higher acceptance and positive emotional response to AI-augmented art compared to older cohorts. The study also found that shared historical experiences and cultural influences significantly shape distinct attitudes and behaviours towards AI interaction among different generations. The findings provide a nuanced understanding of generational differences in the acceptance and comfort levels with AI-generated or altered art. This research highlights how AI technologies intersect with broader generational values and experiences, reinforcing the importance of ethical considerations in the deployment of AI in the digital humanities.

As the growing influence of the radical right turns cultural institutions into political symbols (Harding, 2021), online forums and social media are key venues for antagonistic outbursts directed at public libraries (Carlsson, Hanell & Hansson 2022). Trolling the Library aims to explore radical right digital attacks against public libraries, and is currently piloting different methods to analyse online comments and news items from the website SamNytt. This contribution outlines one intended deliverable of the project: a shareable workflow for the low-code tool KNIME (KoNstanz Information MinEr). Low-code tools play an important role in making data analysis and visualization accessible to researchers and students with limited experience, or interest, in programming (see De Mauro, Marzoni & Walter, 2021). While low-code tools do introduce closed-box issues, they can still be considered important steppingstones towards computational approaches (Tyrkkö & Ihrmark, submitted). An additional benefit is the shareability of the workflow resulting from designing the method pipeline in tools such as KNIME or Orange. The specific workflow resulting from Trolling the Library contains sentiment analysis and topic modeling components. While limited in scope, the discussion of the workflow highlights both the benefits and drawbacks of low-code workflows as potential shareable resources for the digital humanities. This contribution focuses on the ease of use, possible obstacles from an unfamiliar user’s perspective, and the availability of appropriate resources for the platform. Works cited: Carlsson, H., Hanell, F., & Hansson, J. (2022). ”Det känns som att jag bara sitter och väntar på att det ska explodera”: politisk påverkan på de kommunala folkbibliotekens verksamhet i sex sydsvenska regioner. Nordic Journal of Library and Information Studies, 3(1), 26-43. De Mauro Andrea, Francesco Marzoni & Andrew J. Walter. 2021. Data Analytics Made Easy: Ana

The cultural elements that define the identity of an ethnic group, are really important for its preservation through the ages. Language, traditions, costumes, dances, as parts of the cultural heritage, have a crucial role in it. Pontic Greeks, belong to a minority group that came to Greece after 1923. They struggled to stand on their feet again, and preserve their unique cultural characteristics. Cuisine, as an important aspect of our everyday life, is easily conveyed from one to another. In this thesis, we examine the Pontic cuisine, as an element of the intangible cultural heritage and due to its importance regarding the preservation of the Pontic identity. The most original recipes of Pontic cuisine, were gathered in their primarily form, through an interview with a local expert. Then they were digitized and transcribed in Omeka database. Further data were attributed in the Dublin Core metadata scheme in that database. Finally, the main discussion was focused on how preserving culinary traditions can help to preserve history and cultural identity altogether.

This study is based on the websites of Swedish county museums. The purpose of the study is to investigate how the websites of the Swedish county museums convey their geography in the texts about the county museums' history, localization and their exhibitions. Part of the study's purpose is also to examine the county museums' similarities and differences based on the study's three questions. The study's chosen theory is website analysis, a theory that provides basic knowledge about what a website is and how websites use images and text. Website analysis has also been supplemented with Gillian Rose's thoughts on visual methods. Since Rose provides additional knowledge about visual representation, the visual in relation to text and knowledge about how to look at visual representation. The chosen theory is supplemented with two methods consisting of text analysis in relation to image analysis. These two methods have been chosen because the material consists of textual and visual expressions The study shows that the Swedish county museums depict different types of geographies, both within each issue and between the museums. Within the questions about the county museums' geographical history, the museums mainly refer to geographical dispersion and geographical relocations. In the texts on geographical localization, the museums mainly present visual representation in the form of maps together with descriptions, but also geographical dispersion and geographical spread. The question where the answers on the geographical aspect vary more is the survey on exhibitions. Here the museums reflect the regional environment, migration and a few the current climate crisis. A few museums are similar to each other either in the presentation of answers or how they convey their geography, which creates small groups of county museums that are similar to each other. However, the museums rarely resemble each other completely, which also creates a number of differences in how they present mat

This study delves into the intricacies of the language used in wine reviews, focusing on the adoption of standardised wine vocabularies, specifically the original Wine Aroma Wheel (Noble A. C. et al., 1984) and the Wine Lexicon of the Wine and Spirit Education Trust (WSET Level 4 Systematic Approach to Tasting Wine®, 2023). It investigates the extent to which professional wine reviewers adhere to these standard lexicons or opt for individualistic expression. An essential component of the research identifies and analyses emerging terms in wine reviews, shedding light on the evolving nature of wine discourse. The study's findings indicate that while standardised vocabularies are influential and foundational, there remains room for individualised expression in conveying the nuanced sensory experience of wine tasting. Additionally, the research highlights the importance of these emergent terms and their potential to enrich existing wine vocabularies. Given the global nature of the wine industry, the study underscores the need for a more inclusive and adaptive linguistic approach. To this end, the research suggests the potential benefits of a controlled vocabulary system tailored for the wine sector. Despite its inherent challenges, such a system could streamline wine descriptions, promoting a more consistent understanding across diverse audiences along with better communication among professionals., Questo studio approfondisce la complessità del linguaggio utilizzato nelle recensioni di vino, focalizzando sull'adozione di linguaggi standardizzati e in particolare su "The Wine Aroma Wheel" (Noble A. C. et al., 1984) e su "The Wine Lexicon of the Wine and Spirit Education Trust" (WSET Level 4 Systematic Approach to Tasting Wine®, 2023). La ricerca intende concentrarsi nella misura in cui i recensori professionisti di vino aderiscono a questi linguaggi controllati, o preferiscono optare per un'espressione individuale. Una parte sostanziale della ricerca che identifica ed analizza i termini emergenti nelle recensioni di vino, rivela l'evoluzione del discorso sul vino. I risultati dello studio indicano che, sebbene i linguaggi standardizzati siano influenti e fondamentali, lasciano ancora spazio all'espressione personale a descrivere l'esperienza sensoriale della degustazione del vino. Inoltre, i risultati sottolineano l'importanza dei termini emergenti e la loro potenzialità di arricchire i linguaggi inerenti al discorso di vino. Considerando la visione olistica dell'industria vinicola, questo studio mette in rilievo la necessità di un approccio linguistico più inclusivo e flessibile. In tal senso, si propongono i benefici impliciti di un sistema di linguaggio controllato su misura per il settore vinicolo. Nonostante le complessità che possano insorgere, un sistema di questo tipo potrebbe semplificare la descrizione del vino, promuovendo sia l'intesa reciproca tra gruppi di persone diversi, che una migliore comunicazione tra i professionisti nel mondo del vino.

Collections of old human remains in museums are currently under increased scrutiny and pressure. On the one hand they are problematised from a post-colonial and human rights point of view as the material remains of historic and ongoing structural violence connected to scientific knowledge production. On the other, new methods in archaeological science have led to increasing demand for destructive sampling. Without guidance and support by laws and formal standardised professional guidelines, museums may find themselves squeezed from two opposing sides. Based on an analysis of laws and professional guidelines, and a large-scale survey of the practical handling of old human remains in Swedish museums, this article argues that the lack of a shared professional process that recognises the complexity of old human remains as both objects of science and lived lives, risks undermining the role of museums in their relationship to both the public and the research community., Ethical Entanglements. The care for human remains in museums and research.

I artikeln beskrivs nätverket Experimentellt kulturarvs första större projekt på Öland inom vilket arkeologer, konstnärer och kulturarbetare samverkade för genoförandet av konstnärliga gestaltningar av kulturarvsplatser i det öländska landskapet. Projektet började förberedas 2014 och genomfördes under 2016–18 tack vare finansiering från Familjen Kamprads Stiftelse, som möjliggjorde de konstnärliga gestaltningarna och det fördjupade samarbetet mellan arkeologer, konstnärer och kulturarbetare. Åtta kulturarvsplatser gestaltades för allmänheten. Resultatet av samarbetet visar hur kullturarvet ständigt tolkas och omtolkas och därmed utgör en värdefull förnyelsebar resurs i samhället., The article presents the network Experimental Heritage and its first major project on Öland, in which archaeologists, artists and cultural workers worked together to carry out artistic interpretations of cultural heritage sites in the Öland landscape. The project was prepared from 2014 onwards and was carried out in 2016–18 thanks to funding from the Kamprad Family Foundation, which enabled the artistic interpretations and the deepened collaboration between archaeologists, artists and cultural workers. Eight cultural heritage sites were interpreted and presented to the general public. The result of the collaboration shows how cultural heritage is constantly interpreted and reinterpreted and thus constitutes a valuable renewable resource in society.

The restoration of precolonial authorities in contemporary Uganda has inspired the revival of practices constitutive of local identities. The article focuses on the role of (re)distribution in the formation of Ganda identity in the Buganda kingdom, by exploring the moral conundrums lived by workers in Kisekka Market (Kampala). The article describes two principles underpinning economic relations. First, it explores culturally approved patronage and downwards distribution which, given the pyramidal structure of society, translates simultaneously into forms of redistribution and the upward submission of subjects to a higher order (clans and kingdom). This two-way process is called 'nested redistribution'. Second, it shows how culturally approved forms of (re)distribution conflict with individual accumulation, culturally condemned but paradoxically key to afford redistribution itself. The ethnography describes how tensions between these principles are resolved, making use of the same categories (culture, morality) that engender them in the first place.

This paper reports from a study produced within the currently ongoing project Public libraries in a changed political landscape – a democratic mission for a new era? The paper compares experiences of librarians and library assistants in Sweden and Denmark concerning how they perceive the democratic role of the library profession in the political landscape of today. Relating to research on the democratic role of libraries, library ethics and issues on neutrality, empirical data was gathered through seven group interviews with library professionals from eleven local libraries in south Sweden and Jutland in Denmark. Results indicate a commonly perceived discrepancy between general formulations of values formulated in professional codes of ethics, and practical librarianship. Dealing with threats and challenges against liberal democratic values in the public library requires an ethical toolbox that in individual cases may question the need for value-neutrality among librarians and library assistants if the basic mission of the library is to be upheld.

This chapter proposes that heritage destruction can be seen as a medium and manifestation of dynamic transformation that ultimately allows more sustainable forms of development to emerge, not least when seen in the context of long-term change. Using insights from current debates on heritage futures and examples from cultural history, we argue that Heritage Studies needs a critical and open-minded discussion of the existing and potential effects of cultural heritage in society, potentially even developing a code of not simply conservation but destruction, change, and decay.

The Museum of World Culture (Världskulturmuseet) has been implementing some decolonial practicesin its indigenous collection. Therefore, the museum started migrating its collection to a new platform, and as partof this project, the museum needs to review its knowledge organization system, as some problems related to classi-fication and terminology were identified in the current database called Carlotta. The next step is to create a con-trolled vocabulary specific to the indigenous group, however, dealing with a sensitive collection requires identifying the ethical issues. Then, we question what ethical issues can be raised in organizing and representing Knowledge of Indigenous Collections in the Världskulturmuseet? This is a case study that employed an interview and content analysis of the Carlotta database. As a result, we point to the growth of research in the indigenous librarianship field. The museum uses inappropriate and obsolete terms to describe some of the collection objects. We conclude that indigenous self-determination in cultural institutions can guide the ethical issues related to the creation of a knowledge organization system in a museum., Ethical issues in the digitization of indigenous collections: the case of Världskulturmuseet

Background: Cities worldwide are growing fast, and so is solid waste production, which calls for different stakeholders to come together and find creative ways to deal with urban growth and waste. This study explores how Augmented Reality (AR) could enhance public participation in public spaces and deal with solid wastein Mozambique’s capital city, Maputo. The study draws on material semiotics, detournement theorists and study participants’ views gathered through a questionnaire on urban public spaces in the city to make a case for AR technologies to enhance public engagement. Methodology: The study received responses from 57 participants (n=57). Inspired by theparticipants’ answers, Detournement theory, and AR activism, an AR experience called the Trash Snail to symbolise the slowness of the municipalityin gathering solid waste and properly managing it and the waste’s agency in shaping life in public spaces was created. Results: Three participants placed and experienced the Trash Snail in public spaceswith poorly managed solid waste. They also responded to two surveys, one before the experience with AR and the other after experiencing AR. The results were screenshots depicting the Trash Snail co-habitating with waste from human consumption and modes of living in contemporary Maputo and residents’ opinions about public spaces in Maputo. Conclusions: Drawing on those materials, Detournement theory and AR activism, the study concluded that AR, rather than just relaying computer-generated graphics information onto the real world, is best understood as an agent that shapes the users’ relations with it. AR has the potential to enhance public engagement in public spaces and in dealing with solid waste issues in Maputo. However, structural challenges related to the digital divide and financial shortcomings are limiting factors that one needs to consider when employing AR in Maputo and similar contexts. On a more extrapolative note, the study argues waste in public spaces n

Through examining interviews with three influential civil servants at local level this Bachelor´s thesis takes a view of what visions of libraries look like at municipal level. The examination is carried out through qualitative text analysis consisting of thematisation and discussion of the interview material. Focus is on the relationship between the interview material and the three rationalities, the humanistic, the sociological and the instrumental that are drawn from a model for categorizing Scandinavian cultural policy, developed by Dorte Skot-Hansen. The primary issue is whether the visions of libraries are based on ideological perspectives and which perspective and, if so, which perspective is dominating each vision. The analysis reflects the complexity of sometimes contradictive perspectives that are to be seen. To help identify differing and dominating perspectives that appear in the interviews, the question of priorities concerning the future role of the local library is raised. A model by Andersson and Skot-Hansen constructed to help discussing and prioritising the function of the local library, is applied to the interview material. To further analyse the ideological content of the visions the material is compared with scientific literature within the subject. The arguments of the visions are compared to the argumentation of scholars in the same field. These often have presented models and analyses in the same line of research, cultural policy concerning libraries, as Skot-Hansen. Concluding it is argued that it is possible to see differing ideological perspectives in the local visions of libraries and to varying extent. Conclusions are drawn from a comparison of what has come from the analyses of which function of the library is prioritised in each interview and the tendencies seen in the material to the three rationalities from the model by Skot-Hansen. Two visions land in line with humanistic rationality but from different viewpoints. One visio

This essay analyzes the concept of blot (offerings), places where it´s been held, how it was performed and why it is performed according to literature sources. The literature is often based on Icelandic sagas and storytelling originating from the Christian period, and even though, the storys should be told with some truthful facts, the conclusion is, that these are not trustworthy sources. The question regarding the sagas veracity is therefore discussed from an archaeological viewpoint. Can we find proof in the archaeological material that will give us answers if blot is an individual happening, that actually existed? The answer is no, because there is no actual evidence available that can guarantee that blot as a specific event did occur. The archaeological sources reveal that sacrifices and offerings was made outdoors and in halls. This essay has been investigating three places in Sweden, Bollstanäs in Uppland, Skedemosse on Öland and Helgö in Mälaren. All of these places have proof of sacrificial offerings but their relation to the blot mentioned in saga literature is uncertain. My conclusion is that blot is a subject that is difficult to find as an event in the archaeological material.

For most of human history, religious beliefs and practices have been fundamental to how people have understood and interacted with the world around them. Religion helped shape the rhythm of life, work, and social relationships, imbibing them with meaning. If historians wish to understand people in the past, it is of utmost importance that we understand their lived religious experiences. Religion is likewise a fundamental part of both tangible and intangible cultural heritage. Indeed, the aim of this current thematic issue, Lived Religion in Premodern Northern Europe, is to introduce the concept of lived religion as an analytical tool to a wider audience in the hope of seeing more studies of lived religiosity, especially of the premodern Nordic region. In order to put this thematic issue into context, the development of lived religion as an analytical perspective is introduced and explored in this article. The historiography reveals that the concept originated in the attempt to come to grips with religious variation and move away from studies of the purely dogmatic and theological aspects of religion, as well as the dichotomies which arose from efforts to distinguish popular/elite religion. As a concept, lived religion was introduced by the 1990s as part of this effort, and first used by sociologists and anthropologists to understand contemporary religious expression. Gradually it has also been applied to understand historical contexts. In research published in English, it began to be widely used by the early 2000s, while in Nordic contexts it has mainly been Finnish researchers who have adopted and continued to develop the concept in studies about pre-modern religiosity in the past decade. This article discusses the different ways in which lived religion and its related concepts have been applied in research dealing with pre-modern religious experiences and with an especial focus on research in and about the Nordic countries. In general, lived religion is seen as so, Under större delen av mänsklighetens historia har religiösa föreställningar och sedvänjor varit grundläggande för hur människor har förstått och interagerat med sin omvärld. Religionen har bidragit till att forma livets, arbetets och de sociala relationernas rytm och gett dem en mening. Om historiker vill förstå människor i det förflutna är det av yttersta vikt att vi förstår deras levda religiösa erfarenheter. Religion är också en grundläggande del av både det materiella och immateriella kulturarvet. Syftet med detta aktuella temanummer, Levd religion i det förmoderna Nordeuropa, är att introducera begreppet levd religion som ett analytiskt verktyg för en bredare publik i hopp om att få se fler studier av levd religiositet, särskilt i det förmoderna Norden. För att sätta detta temanummer i ett sammanhang introduceras och utforskas utvecklingen av levd religion som analytiskt perspektiv i denna artikel. Historieskrivningen visar att begreppet har sitt ursprung i ett försök att komma till rätta med religiös variation och komma bort från studier av de rent dogmatiska och teologiska aspekterna av religionen, liksom de dikotomier som uppstod i samband med försök att skilja mellan folklig och elitmässig religion. Begreppet "levd religion" introducerades på 1990-talet som en del av denna strävan och användes först av sociologer och antropologer för att förstå samtida religiösa uttryck. Successivt har det också använts för att förstå historiska sammanhang. I forskning som publicerats på engelska började begreppet användas i stor utsträckning i början av 2000-talet, medan det i nordiska sammanhang främst har varit finska forskare som har anammat och fortsatt att utveckla begreppet i studier om förmodern religiositet under det senaste decenniet. I denna artikel diskuteras de olika sätt på vilka levd religion och dess relaterade begrepp har tillämpats i forskning som behandlar förmoderna religiösa erfarenheter och med särskilt fokus på forskning i och om de nordiska länderna.

This paper focuses on the sensory experiences and the socio-cultural and socio-political contexts of digitally generated cultural heritage. As a case study, we use Les Mills' "The Trip", an immersive and multi-modal fitness regime where participants ride stationary bicycles in front of a large, domed screen where a winding road through a computer-generated hilly landscape is projected as a motivational aid. While these landscapes are imaginary and unrealistic, many reference various stereotypical cultural heritages so that participants ride through alleys of Greek statues, around futuristic Egyptian pyramids, or through a pirate ship at the bottom of the ocean. In the article, we consider the nature of this invented heritage at the interface of tangible and intangible heritage, the way it appeals to people emotionally and sensorially, and the social, physical, cultural and political consequences and implications of such digital heritage “trips”. The authors have different disciplinary backgrounds and interests which will inform the joint discussion: archaeology/heritage studies and literary and visual culture/decolonisation. On the one hand, we see a need to study the ethics and politics of the idealising and stereotypical representations of the past that are being used. On the other hand, there are also important lessons to be learned about heritage aesthetics, bodily perceptions of heritage and its relation to self, the creation of pastness, consequences for quality of (real) life and well-being both within the bounded and physical space of the fitness locale and outside it. The paper argues that virtual experiences of (future) past are no less significant or important than experiences IRL, especially as they may overlap with each other and are ultimately difficult to distinguish, both in terms of the experience they provide and in terms of their consequences in society.

The purpose of this essay is to study how the animal life can be taken into account in green structure plans. The purpose is also to study the possibilities of a human need for access to animals and nature in green structure plans. An additional purpose is to study how two municipalities deal with issues concerning a possible urban expansion and a conservation of nature areas. In this case through a comparative study between the city of Kalmar and the city of Växjö, in the shape of partly a text analysis, partly semi-structured interviews. The purpose from a didactic perspective is to study the possibilities with a potential application of the connection between a city’s expansion and animal life in future teaching. The result of this study shows that both municipalities consider the animal life in their cities. The two municipalities place special emphasis on biodiversity, core areas and the animals’ spreading potential. It also shows that the two municipalities see a social importance with biological diversity, concerning the aim of promoting the well-being of the inhabitants. The results shows that when considering a possible urban expansion and a conservation of nature areas, the two municipalities take biodiversity into account. The process requires clear approaches and that biodiversity is taken into account at an early stage in the issue.The result of this study also shows that urban expansion together with animal life can be put in relation to the curriculum for high school and can with good conditions be used in teaching that concern urban expansion, sustainable development and the relations between human and nature.

Mass media is of great importance for the public conversation as it makes it possible to spread information to the citizens of the nation. In order to influence citizens perceptions of the world, it is of great value for journalists to discuss particular subjects in newspapers. Analyses of daily newspapers therefore proves they are of relevance as they provide us with knowledge about how opinions are created as well as how the politics shapes the public conversation. In order to increase our knowledge of how the debate regarding European membership appeared in Swedish newspapers, this essay has studied Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet and Aftonbladet. Three newspapers with different political orientation. The essay describes how the different newspapers, with different opinions appeared as well as how the newspapers articles were written by reason of their political views. The essay shows that the bourgeois newspapers, Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet, wrote positive articles regarding the membership and negative regarding the government whereas the social democratic newspaper Aftonbladet was skeptical about the membership as well as the opposition. This essay further explains how a newspaper study can be used in educating high school students in history where they increase their knowledge of source criticism and examine and interpret newspapers in order to understand how coverage of politically charged subjects can differentiate, depending on which newspaper they read.

In the Brazilian context, we lack a methodology for abstracting audiovisual documents. To address this, several authors have proposed different approaches. As an additional contribution, this research proposes cultural warrant and hospitality as a principle that could be considered during the abstracting of animation. Domain analysis was used as a method, and from the analyzed animation institutions we identified the discursive community and the institutional proposals. From the literature reviewed, the existing approach for abstracting was identified and named here as the document dimension. As a result, we concluded that the principle of cultural warrant and hospitality needs more theoretical discussion; however, it was also possible to apply it beyond the classification system. We also concluded that this principle could help to identify what attributes from animation film should be ensured during the abstracting, since this process should include elements based on the community needs and not only document attributes.

Projektet har syftat till att, i linje med den svenska museilagen, implementera kunskapsuppbyggnad som en del i museers samlingsförvaltning och arbete med standarden Spectrum. För att uppnå detta syfte har projektet bearbetat styrdokument, internt textmaterial och genomfört intervjuer och fokusgruppssamtal. Arbetsgruppen har haft reguljära möten där analysen utvecklats och kommande steg lagts fast. Tre digitala workshops med projektets referensgrupp har genomförts med goda resultat, som sammanställts av projektledaren. Samtliga arbetande i projektet skrev PM inför och efter workshop 1 på temat vad forskning och kunskapsuppbyggnad spelar för roll i museiverksamheter. Dessa och diskussionerna kring dem bearbetades av projektgruppen och låg till grund för frågeställningar och arbetsuppgifter för workshop 2, som hade temat ’Den perfekta policyn’. Parallellt med workshoparna genomfördes analys av Spectrum, svensk museiförvaltning, samt interna styrdokument för att finna bästa vägen att stärka forskning och kunskapsuppbyggnad i samlingsförvaltning. När dessa analyser mötte resultaten av fokusgruppssamtal med personalen inom Göteborgs museer och konsthall framstod utvecklandet av en handbok för kunskapsuppbyggnad i samlingsförvaltning på Spectrumbasis som bästa sättet att fånga och sprida våra resultat. Denna handbok testades i den tredje workshopen med referensgruppen, samt i samarbete med Vadsbo museum i Mariestad för att nå så många slags museer som möjligt. Handbok för kunskapsuppbyggande samlingsförvaltning har publicerats av Kulturförvaltningen. Projektet har även producerat en samling korta utredningar av centrala begrepp, inte minst för att förstå begreppen forskning och kunskapsuppbyggnad i ett museisammanhang. Dessa ingår här, tillsammans med en redovisning av de genomförda workshoparna och fokusgruppssamtalen, samt en analys av styrdokument. Första delen följer Riksantikvarieämbetets mall för vetenskaplig slutrapport.

Through a case-study of the project Kingorama by Hamid Rachmanian, this essay examines how the Iranian epic Shahnameh by Abol Qasem Ferdowsi is manifested outside Iran today and how it can be viewed as a cultural memory in motion. Questions concerning Iranian identity and the transcultural movement of memory are explored through a theoretical framework consisting of Astrid Erll’s “travelling memory” and of history as something which can be ‘used’ or ‘constructed’ through remediation and performativity. The essay also applies a methodological framework within which Iranian identity is understood through five historical dimensions, from pre-islamic Iran to modern Iran. The results of the study show that the Kingorama-project embraces a multilayered understanding of Iranian identity and that it mediates a shift where Shahnameh is not seen foremost as a national epic, but as being of universal importance.

The aim of this research paper is to elaborate and analyze the media debate on calls to prayer in Växjö in the period of February to May 2018. Sweden is known for being one of the most secular regions in the world. I found it interesting to investigate how Islam was portrayed in the media when the mosque in Växjö applied for a permit to announce prayers once a week. The methodological framework of this research is based on a qualitative method that analyzes the main opinions that were fundamental for the media debate. Another purpose was to identify any underlying topics of the debate that were not explicitly expressed. The findings implied that the debate about the call to prayer tended to actually be a conversation about something else. It suggests that the authors of the articles use the debate about call of prayer as a cover to discuss Muslims rights in the Swedish society. Freedom of religion was also a recurring subject of the debate.

A new study led by an anthropologist and a heritage sites protection specialist offers a path forward for decolonizing heritage management in Rwanda—and beyond.

Public libraries have a societal duty to promote the peaceful coexistence between population and are therefore involved in integration work. However, the question is whether the integration perspective is suitable for addressing current issues or if other perspectives are more adequate. To study this, I conducted a literature review of published articles on Scandinavian public libraries’ integration work, six semi-structured interviews with male asylum seekers and an email interview with the chief operations officer at three asylum reception centres in Denmark. Using a lifelong learning perspective, I was able to consider the six asylum seekers’ experiences with integration in new ways. It became evident how integration is an ambiguous concept, and how the integration process does not constitute temporary phases but rather initiates lifelong learning processes, just like the activities native Danes conducts in their efforts to handle their lives in late modernity. The lifelong learning perspective probably cannot replace the integration perspective, but it may help us understand which activities are appropriate for public libraries to engage in. The public libraries’ task is not to assimilate, but to promote new citizens’ opportunities for peaceful coexistence by facilitating people’s participation in society.

Written within the context of a volatile war-torn landscape, Jon Stålhammar’s letters contain a cluster of emotional expressions, sentiments, grieves, and ails expressed with remarkable felicity and which are colored by his inherently rustic and pragmatic personality to boot. The letters of Jon Stålhammar accommodate a multitude of themes encompassing his family, the war, his deplorable living conditions, and a substantial hope for peace and to reunite with his wife and children. Revealed in the multifarious emotional expressions are embedded values which could possibly be explained using the theoretical framework of the history of emotions as discussed by Barbara Rosenwein and William Reddy. Through concepts such as emotives, emotional regimes, and emotional communities, Rosenwein and Reddy’s notions facilitate to uncover not only essential mores and values within Jon’s community, but also a plurality of communities between which Jon continuously alternates. Furthermore, Reddy’s theories frame a possible understanding of how Jon’s emotional expressions sometimes operate as incentives which bridges the gap between emotion and action and how this is prompted by Jon’s manifold emotional communities or regimes. By juxtaposing three different years’ worth of letters, the essay concluded that many of the descriptions, themes, and moods such as egregious conditions, animosity towards the enemy and local populus, and religious faith did ostensibly alter over time. Particularly engrossing were Jon’s faculties of taking solace in God to explain calamities, such as the death of his son, and how the correspondence operated as a local news- and communication infrastructure to people close to Jon and Sophia. In conjunction with discussing Jon’s emotional expressions and values, it stands to reason that this investigation also shed further light upon aspects of form and structure in early 18th-century letter correspondence and how themes like family life, living conditions, and

Syftet med studien är att undersöka människors egna definieringar av kulturhistoriska värden och hur dessa påverkar deras uppfattning av plats. Ett urval av boende i Strömsrum har intervjuats och en innehållsanalys har genomförts för att identifiera mönster i deras berättelser. Det huvudsakliga resultatet visar att deltagarna anser att tillgängliga fysiska lämningar är avgörande i deras definieringar av kulturhistoriska värden i relation till deras uppfattning av plats. Det framkommer också att de kulturhistoriska värdena som respondenterna definierar i vissa fall begränsar dem. Trots begränsningarna är de kulturhistoriska värdena så uppskattade att respondenterna upplever sig ha överseende med de negativa sidorna., The purpose of this study is to examine people's definitions of cultural heritage values and how these affect their perception of place. A selection of residents in Strömsrum have participated in semi-structured interviews and a content analysis has been performed in order to expose patterns in their narratives. The main result reveals that the respondents consider available physical remnants as a determining factor for their definition of heritage values in relation to their perception of place. The result also shows that the respondents experience limitations in their everyday life by what they define as heritage values. However, they perceive their appreciation of the defined heritage values as to exceed the limiting aspects there of.

This essay has been written with the aim to investigate how the cultural-historical environments and ancient monuments in Nacka county (southeast of Stockholm, Sweden) are being cared for regarding proactive measures to conteract the negative effects climate change will have on them. The essay also investigates what the Swedish laws and regulations demand of counties concerning proactive and reactive measures against negative climate change effects on cultural-historical environments and ancient monuments and how climate change will affect Nacka county and its cultural-historical environments and ancient monuments.The investigation has been carried out by means of literature studies and one interview during May-July 2020.The investigation shows that Nacka county has general plans for their routine care for the cultural-historical environments and ancient monuments, but there are no plans or proactive measures taken to prevent or mitigate the negative effects of climate change.

When analysed as network places for the mobility of subjects and objects, many descriptions refer to airports as placeless and meaningless spaces carrying no singular identity to themselves and to their users. This imagery does not necessarily fit with those people whose experiences are intrinsically linked to mobility as a recurrent early life style and as a part of their subjective identity. Drawing on affect theory this paper portrays an alternative picture of airports as meaningful places through the narratives made by a particular community of onward/multiple migrants, adult “Third Culture Kids”, associated with the experiences and memories of transiting in airports. By doing it, this article aims to add another dimension to mobilities that regards people’s affections and experiences ascribed to places of mobility.

Time-geography is a descriptive and analytical geographical framework initially developed in the late 1960s and the early 1970s by the Swedish geographer Torsten Hägerstrand (1916–2004). Time-geography consists of a conceptual apparatus and a graphic notation system by which the time-spatial embeddedness and couplings of human and nonhuman geographical beings and their corporeal (material) geographical conditions for existence can be mapped and investigated. Time-geography is founded on a matter-realistic ontology that explicitly recognizes the material, corporeal nature of geographical beings and their geographical settings as demarcated somewhere on the Earth's surface. Reflected in its notation system, the methodology of time-geography is guided by the principle of always simultaneously keeping track of both spatial and temporal features of material geographical events. Time-geography has been applied in numerous areas in human geography, as well as in a large number of studies in a variety of different disciplinary settings. As a research program on its own, time-geography has increased the conceptual and empirical knowledge of time-space conditions of and for geographical beings and their geographical existences.

This thesis is titled; Is this available as an e-book? An investigationabout guidelines for e-books in high school libraries which is a study about guidelines for e-books in Swedish high schools. The purpose of this study was to investigate how clear guidelines are for e-media in high school libraries that maybe wasn’t very known by the public. The purpose of this study was also how these potential guidelines were followed and what view high school libraries have on e-media in their libraries. The study's problem definitions was the lack of clear guidelines regarding e-media in high school libraries, the great lack of research regarding high school libraries and also that school libraries do not seem particularly interested in e-books as e-media. The questions we wanted answered in this study were “How clear are the guidelines for digital resources in high school libraries?", "How are e-media guidelines used?" and "How do school libraries view e-media as a resource at their school library?". We used semi-structured interviews that were booked via telephone and email. We limited ourselves to six interviews due to lack of time and interest from the potential respondents. The questions in this study were answered with the help of the interviews that we executed, the data that was collected and with the help of Michael Buckland’s (1991) information theory. We were able to make an analysis and start a discussion in hopes that more studies will be made about e-books and it's uses in high school libraries in the future.

I föreliggande C-uppsats i Geografi söker jag ta mig an ett avgränsat ämnesområde i skolans värld genom att undersöka vad högstadieelever tänker och känner inför ämnet Geografi. Syftet med undersökningen är således att undersöka högstadieelevers tankar om och attityder till skolämnet Geografi. Undersökningens material och bakgrundsdata har inhämtats med hjälp av enkäter som elever i årskurs 7-9 vid en medelstor högstadieskola i staden Nybro i Småland har besvarat. Sammanlagt har ett sjuttiotal högstadieelever varit delaktiga i att delge sina tankar om skolämnet Geografi. Frågeställningarna som jag har utgått ifrån är följande: Vilka är elevernas tankar om, och attityder till, skolämnet Geografi? Vad har elevernas tidigare undervisning i Geografi omfattat? Hur uppfattar eleverna skolämnet Geografi – är ämnet viktigt, gillar eleverna Geografi? Vad anser eleverna vara det viktigaste att lära sig i Geografi? Att ha Geografi varje termin/läsår eller att ha Geografi varierande termin/läsår, vad anser eleverna fungerar bäst för dem? Hur rangordnar eleverna Geografi i förhållande till övriga SO-ämnen? Undersökningen ger vid handen att eleverna rankar ämnet Geografi högt. Resultaten visar dock att pojkar och flickor rangordnar SO-ämnena olika; pojkarna rankar bland annat Geografi högre än vad flickorna gör. För att med säkerhet kunna svara på varför det är just så, skulle förslagvis en longitudinell studie av elevernas attityder och tankar behöva utföras, vilket dessvärre inte ryms inom ramarna för denna undersökning, men som eventuellt skulle kunna komma att genomföras i framtiden.