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To evaluate the etiological risk factors of cerebral palsy, especially the preventable ones. The study was carried out with the mothers of 210 children with cerebral palsy (CP) registered in Mardin Guidance and Research Center between February and May 2022. The data form prepared by the researchers was applied to the mothers by face-to-face interview technique. The data form consisted of 29 questions including sociodemographic characteristics of the child and mother, risk factors for CP, and secondary medical problems of the child. Of the 210 patients included in the study, 43.3% (91) were female and 56.7% (119) were male. The mean age of the children was 67.4 (SD = 50.6) weeks, and 73.3% of children were premature. The number of children with a birth weight below 2500 g was 48.1% (101). The mean birth weight was 2472.5 (SD = 871.8) g. The children with another disabled sibling consisted 6.2% of the population. Among the mothers, 41.9% stated that they were illiterate and 73.3% stated that their income status was low. The rate of the parents that were related to each other was 51%. In our study, it was noteworthy that most of the children were premature, had low birth weight, more than half of them had parents who were relatives, the education level of the mothers was low, the socioeconomic status of most of the families was low, and most of these risk factors were preventable., Competing Interests: The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Purpose of Review: Advances in computer technology and growing expectations from computer-aided systems have led to the evolution of artificial intelligence into subsets, such as deep learning and radiomics, and the use of these systems is revolutionizing modern radiological diagnosis. In this review, artificial intelligence applications developed with radiomics and deep learning methods in the differential diagnosis of parotid gland tumors (PGTs) will be overviewed., Recent Findings: The development of artificial intelligence models has opened new scenarios owing to the possibility of assessing features of medical images that usually are not evaluated by physicians. Radiomics and deep learning models come to the forefront in computer-aided diagnosis of medical images, even though their applications in the differential diagnosis of PGTs have been limited because of the scarcity of data sets related to these rare neoplasms. Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that artificial intelligence tools can classify common PGTs with reasonable accuracy., Summary: All studies aimed at the differential diagnosis of benign vs. malignant PGTs or the identification of the commonest PGT subtypes were identified, and five studies were found that focused on deep learning-based differential diagnosis of PGTs. Data sets were created in three of these studies with MRI and in two with computed tomography (CT). Additional seven studies were related to radiomics. Of these, four were on MRI-based radiomics, two on CT-based radiomics, and one compared MRI and CT-based radiomics in the same patients., (Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

The pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is incompletely understood. There is a growing interest in the role of the coagulation cascade in chronic urticaria. Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) assay enables the global assessment of coagulation status. In the present study, we aimed to test the coagulation profile in children with CSU using ROTEM and correlate these parameters with those of a healthy group. A total of 24 children with active CSU (11 girls and 13 boys) 8 to 17 years of age and age-matched and sex-matched 30 healthy control participants were enrolled in the study. ROTEM assays (intrinsic thromboelastometry and extrinsic thromboelastometry) were used to measure and analyze coagulation time, clot formation time, and maximum clot firmness. The CSU patients and controls did not differ in age, sex, erythrocyte, neutrophil, and platelet counts. Also, ROTEM parameters did not show any difference between the 2 groups. ROTEM is increasingly being used as a tool for monitoring coagulation status. In this study, ROTEM parameters did not show any difference between CSU patients and the healthy group. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings on a larger number of CSU patients., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Concha bullosa is characterized by pneumotization of the middle turbinate and is a common variation of sinonasal anatomy and is often asymptomatic. The presence of a fungus ball in concha bullosa and the associated clinic symptoms are very rare. Concha bullosa fungus balls are a rare differential diagnosis in a patient presenting to the otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic with headache.In this article, the authors aimed to present an isolated fungus ball case in concha bullosa as a rare cause of headache differential diagnosis.

Carotid artery pseudoaneurysm are a rare complication of deep neck infections, especially in the antibiotic era. Although it is rare, it may result in life-threatening conditions. Here, the authors present a case of pseudoaneurysm of the carotid artery caused by parapharyngeal abscess and causing massive oropharyngeal bleeding and treat with endovascular approach in a 40-year-old woman presenting with neck swelling and fever.

Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a familial hemolytic disorder associated with a variety of mutations that lead to defects in red blood cell (RBC) membrane proteins. There is increasing evidence that hypercoagulability occurs in chronic hemolytic anemia. In this study, changes in the coagulation profile in children with HS were investigated using rotational thromboelastometry. A total of 21 children with HS and 28 healthy children were enrolled in the study between October 2010 and October 2018. Complete blood count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen level were ascertained, while rotational thromboelastometry assays were used to measure and analyze coagulation time, clot formation time, and maximum clot firmness. There was no difference between the 2 groups in terms of age and sex. The values of hemoglobin and RBC in the patient group were statistically significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01, <0.0001, respectively), and the values of platelet count, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and RBC distribution width were statistically significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05, 0.001, <0.0001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen levels, coagulation time, clot formation time, and maximum clot firmness values. In contrast to other chronic hemolytic anemias, no predisposition to hypercoagulability has been shown in the coagulation profile of children with HS without splenectomy.