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Abstract: The long-term effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection are not fully known. In this study, we aimed to evaluate cognitive function and mood changes with 1-year follow-up in the elderly after COVID-19 disease. Ninety COVID-19 survivors and 90 healthy controls were included in the study between April 2022 and 2023. The patients were evaluated at the 1st, 6th, and 12th months for cognition, depression, and sleep quality. Cognitive function is assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), sleep quality by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and depression by the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale. COVID-19 survivors secured lower scores in certain domains of the MoCA in comparison with the controls at the first and sixth months. However, at the 12th month, no difference was observed in total MoCA ( p = 0.100), Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale ( p = 0.503), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( p = 0.907) between survivors and controls. Older patients who recovered from COVID-19 have lower cognitive function compared with controls up to 12 months. However, cognitive function scores were similar at the end of the first year except for memory scores., (Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Study Design: Retrospective clinical study., Objective: To show retrospective analysis of 21 consecutive patients who underwent simultaneous surgical treatment for progressive spinal deformity and coexisting intraspinal pathologies (tethered cord and/or diastematomyelia)., Summary of Background Data: The classic advocated approach in patients with congenital spine deformity associated with intraspinal anomalies is first to perform surgery for the intraspinal pathologies and then surgery for correction and stabilization of the deformity 3 to 6 months later. To our knowledge, there is no study on simultaneous surgical treatment for these 2 associated conditions., Methods: In the surgery; after the exposure of the determined levels, placement of all pedicle screws was performed as the initial part of surgical procedure. Then surgical treatment for intraspinal pathology was performed by the neurosurgical team and then followed by completion of instrumentation and correction of the deformity. Additional anterior surgery was done later to prevent pseudarthrosis and crankshaft phenomenon., Results: The mean age of the patients at presentation ranged from 3 to 19 years (mean, 13 years). There were 17 female patients and 4 male patients. Four patients had neurologic deficits at the time of presentation, and all 4 had associated kyphosis. The mean operation time was 9.3 hours (range, 7-12 hours) and the mean blood loss was 1980 mL (range, 1500-3000 mL). The average follow-up was 6.8 years (2-12 years). None of the patients experienced deterioration in their neurologic status after surgery. None of the patients had infection, pseudarthrosis, or loss of correction during the follow-up visits., Conclusion: The simultaneous surgical treatment for congenital deformity and intraspinal abnormality does not involve significant complications and seems to be an alternative and safe treatment option.