In 1903, Ilinden Uprising in Macedonia and Eastern Thrace was the most massive, widespread and longest uprising in the new Bulgarian history. It was preparing for 10 years by three powerful organizations - the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization of Supreme Committee of Bulgaria and the Secret Officer's Brotherhoods in the Bulgarian army. Its political strategy was to mobilize all the forces of the Macedonian and Thracian Bulgarians and with a massive and widespread uprising, attract the attention of European countries, activate the diplomatic bodies of the great powers and force the Ottoman Empire to grant political autonomy to both areas. Besides the political purpose, the uprising pursued existential purpose - to save the Bulgarians in Macedonia and Eastern Thrace from extermination, expulsion and ethnic cleansing. This is testified by the statements of the Exarch Joseph to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Religions in Sofia and personally to King Ferdinand that, in the first half of 1903 in Macedonia and Adrianople, there is an attempt to conducting genocide and ethnic cleansing by the Turkish authorities. It seems that the accelerated transition of traditional repressive policy towards the Bulgarians from the usual repression to previously unknown forms of genocide and ethnic cleansing is due to an incorrect analysis of the state of the Macedonian-Adrianople revolutionary movement by the Sublime Porte. It is likely that the Turkish authorities had completely wrongfully interpreted the experiments with terrorist means and methods of some figures of the internal organization as evidence that the Bulgarians have adopted the tactics of individual terror, like the Armenians and of being concluded that the IMRO disintegrated to individual terrorist nuts and lost its mass support. Such a miscalculation could easily entice the leaders of Turkish politics to seize the moment and try to bring up the "Armenian Model" of repression from Anatolia to the Balkans. To this, the organizers and leaders of the Ilinden Uprising opposed the strategy of saving power by successive or stepwise announcement of the uprising in individual counties. Thus the rebel activities continued for nearly three months, and accelerated the occurrence of reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]