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Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness, safety, and reproducibility of the microureteroscopy (m-URS) in the treatment of distal ureteral stones in women. Materials and Methods: A multicenter, prospective observational study was designed and conducted between March and December 2015. We included women having at least one stone in the distal ureter and being a candidate for surgical treatment using the 4.85F sheath of MicroPerc®. Patients with clinical criteria and/or laboratory analysis indicating sepsis or coagulation alteration were excluded. Results: Thirty-nine women were operated in eight hospitals. The profile of the patients was fairly homogeneous among hospitals. Only differences were found in age, preoperative stent, and the result of the previous urine culture. Immediate stone-free status was achieved in 88.2% and 100% 7 days after the procedure. 97.4% of patients did not present any complication in the postoperative period, with only one case with complication Clavien II. Postureteroscopic Lesion Scale (PULS) in 76.9% of patients did not show any injury, 20.5% had lesions grade 1, and grade 2 lesions 2.6%. As for the reproducibility of m-URS between hospitals, statistical analysis of the results showed differences between all the centers participating in the study. Conclusions: m-URS is an effective, safe, and reproducible technique that minimizes surgical aggression to the ureteral anatomy. Satisfactory and comparable results to ''conventional'' ureteroscopy were obtained in the treatment of distal ureteral stones in women, although clinical trials are needed. The reduction of the ureteral damage may reduce secondary procedures and increase the cost-effectiveness of the procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractTechnologic advances in endourologic surgical material have led to improved image quality, power sources, and auxiliary material (probes, nitinol baskets, etc.). Nevertheless, this material is more expensive, especially the flexible endoscopic material—ureterorenoscopes and nephroscopes. We present a method to expand (average) mean life of flexible nephroscopes: An efficient and cheap protective cover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]