607 results
Search Results
2. Anxiety and Panic Buying Behaviour during COVID-19 Pandemic—A Qualitative Analysis of Toilet Paper Hoarding Contents on Twitter
- Author
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Vivian Chiu, Jack Yiu Chak Chung, Carmen C.W. Lim, Gary C. K. Chan, Calvert Tisdale, and Janni Leung
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Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,social media ,lcsh:Medicine ,Panic buying ,Hoarding ,Anger ,Anxiety ,Article ,Infodemiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Social media ,030212 general & internal medicine ,snowball effect ,Pandemics ,Consumer behaviour ,media_common ,Sarcasm ,pandemic ,lcsh:R ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Panic ,COVID-19 ,Consumer Behavior ,psychological phenomena ,Bathroom Equipment ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,panic buying ,Social psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had increased population-level anxiety and had elicited panic buying behaviour across the world. The over-hoarding of toilet paper has received a lot of negative public attention. In this work, we used Twitter data to qualitatively analyse tweets related to panic buying of toilet paper during the crisis. Methods: A total of 255,171 tweets were collected. Of these 4,081 met our inclusion criteria and 100 tweets were randomly selected to develop a coding scheme in the initial phase. Random samples of tweets in folds of 100 were then qualitatively analysed in the focused coding phase until saturation was met at 500 tweets analysed. Results: Five key themes emerged: (1) humour or sarcasm, (2) marketing or profiteering, (3) opinion and emotions, (4) personal experience, and (5) support or information. About half of the tweets carried negative sentiments, expressing anger or frustration towards the deficiency of toilet paper and the frantic situation of toilet paper hoarding, which were among the most influential tweets. Discussion: Panic buying of toilet paper was seen during the 2020 pandemic period with a mass amount of related content spread across social media. The spontaneous contagion of fear and panic through social media could fuel psychological reactions in midst of crises. The high level of negative social media posts regarding the toilet paper crisis acts as an emotional trigger of public anxiety and panic. Conclusions: Social media data can provide rapid infodemiology of public mental health. In a pandemic or crisis situation, real-time data could be monitored and content-analysed for authorities to promptly address public concerns.
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- 2021
3. Paper-based assessment of the effects of aging on response time. A diffusion model analysis
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Gesa Katharina Kratzsch, Frank Goldhammer, Ulf Kröhne, Florian Schmiedek, John P. Prindle, Judith Dirk, and Wilhelm, Oliver
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Vocabulary ,Zeit ,Audiology ,Modell ,Junger Erwachsener ,Elderly person ,0302 clinical medicine ,ddc:150 ,Germany ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,processing speed ,Psychology ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,media_common ,05 social sciences ,Empirische Untersuchung ,Test (assessment) ,Empirical study ,paper-based assessment ,lcsh:H1-99 ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Article ,050105 experimental psychology ,Education ,Time ,03 medical and health sciences ,Leistung ,ddc:370 ,aging ,diffusion model ,medicine ,Messung ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Deutschland ,Simulation ,Cognition psychology ,Vergleichsuntersuchung ,Growing old ,Age differences ,Response time ,Paper based ,Altern ,Achievement ,Antwort ,Alter Mensch ,Young adult ,Psychologie ,Old person ,Younger adults ,Kognitionspsychologie ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The effects of aging on response time were examined in a paper-based lexical-decision experiment with younger (age 18-36) and older (age 64-75) adults, applying Ratcliff's diffusion model. Using digital pens allowed the paper-based assessment of response times for single items. Age differences previously reported by Ratcliff and colleagues in computer-based experiments were partly replicated: older adults responded more conservatively than younger adults and showed a slowing of their nondecision components of RT by 53 ms. The rates of evidence accumulation (drift rate) showed no age-related differences. Participants with a higher score in a vocabulary test also had higher drift rates. The experiment demonstrates the possibility to use formal processing models with paper-based tests. (DIPF/Orig.)
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- 2017
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4. Review Papers for Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM).
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McAleer, Michael
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FINANCIAL risk management ,EFFICIENT market theory ,RISK premiums ,RATE of return ,CAPITAL requirements - Abstract
This paper evaluates an editorial and seven invaluable and interesting review papers for the Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM). The topics covered include the rising complexity of bank regulatory capital requirements from global guidelines to their United States (US) implementation, connections among big data, computational science, economics, finance, marketing, management and psychology, factors, outcome, and the solutions of supply chain finance, with a review and future directions, time-varying price-volume relationship, adaptive market efficiency, and a survey of the empirical literature, improved covariance matrix estimation for portfolio risk measurement, stock investment and excess returns, with a critical review in the light of the efficient market hypothesis, and a cross section analysis of country equity returns, and a review of the empirical literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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5. Wayfinding in People with Alzheimer’s Disease: Perspective Taking and Architectural Cognition—A Vision Paper on Future Dementia Care Research Opportunities
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Martina Roes, Saskia Kuliga, and Martin Berwig
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Geography, Planning and Development ,TJ807-830 ,Context (language use) ,Environmental design ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,TD194-195 ,Renewable energy sources ,03 medical and health sciences ,ddc:690 ,0302 clinical medicine ,Orientation (mental) ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Dementia ,GE1-350 ,dementia ,Alzheimer’s disease ,wayfinding ,spatial orientation ,support ,built space ,environmental psychology ,architectural cognition ,perspective taking ,demographic sustainability ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Environmental psychology ,Environmental effects of industries and plants ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Perspective (graphical) ,Cognition ,medicine.disease ,Environmental sciences ,Perspective-taking ,ddc:333.7 ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
Based on a targeted literature review, this vision paper emphasizes the importance of dementia-sensitive built space. The article specifically focuses on supporting spatial orientation and wayfinding for people living with dementia. First, we discuss types of wayfinding challenges, underlying processes, and consequences of spatial disorientation in the context of dementia of the Alzheimer’s type. Second, we focus on current efforts aimed at planning and evaluating dementia-sensitive built space, i.e., environmental design principles, interventions, evaluation tools, strategies, and planning processes. Third, we use our findings as a starting point for developing an interdisciplinary research vision aimed at encouraging further debates and research about: (1) the perspective of a person with dementia, specifically in the context of wayfinding and spatial orientation, and (2) how this perspective supplements planning and design processes of dementia-sensitive built space. We conclude that more closely considering the perspective of people with dementia supports the development of demographically sustainable future cities and care institutions.
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- 2021
6. The 'Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology' Journal Club Series: Highlights on Recent Papers in Overtraining and Exercise Addiction
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Ambra Gentile, Giuseppe Musumeci, Alessandra Amato, Ludovico Lucenti, Michele Vecchio, Ewan Thomas, Vito Pavone, Antonino Bianco, Velia D'Agata, Kaltrina Feka, Agata Grazia D’Amico, Silvia Ravalli, Valerio Giustino, Grazia Maugeri, Bianco, Antonino, Ravalli, Silvia, Maugeri, Grazia, D’Agata, Velia, Vecchio, Michele, D’Amico, Agata Grazia, Pavone, Vito, Lucenti, Ludovico, Amato, Alessandra, Gentile, Ambra, Giustino, Valerio, Feka, Kaltrina, Thomas, Ewan, and Musumeci, Giuseppe
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lcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,Histology ,Overtraining ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Passion ,Editorial board ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rheumatology ,Functional morphology ,medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,media_common ,Medical education ,training ,Kinesiology ,030229 sport sciences ,medicine.disease ,n/a ,Editorial ,Exercise addiction ,Curiosity ,lcsh:RC925-935 ,Anatomy ,Psychology ,Journal club ,performance - Abstract
We are glad to introduce the seventeenth Journal Club. This edition is focused on several relevant studies published in the last years in the field of Overtraining and Exercise Addiction, chosen by our Editorial Board members and their colleagues. We hope to stimulate your curiosity in this field and to share with you the passion for the sport seen also from the scientific point of view. The Editorial Board members wish you an inspiring lecture.
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- 2019
7. Selected Papers from CUBANNI 2017—'The Fourth International Workshop of Neuroimmunology'
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Maria De los Angeles Robinson Agramonte, Carlos Alberto Gonçalves, and Dario Siniscalco
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Epilepsy ,Neuroimmunology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,medicine ,Autism ,Electroencephalography ,medicine.disease ,Psychology ,Neuroscience - Published
- 2019
8. The 'Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology' Journal Club series: Highlights on recent papers in motor control and learning
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Brach J. Poston, Marinella Coco, Christoph Mickel, Navrag B. Singh, William R. Taylor, and Deepak K. Ravi
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Histology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Library science ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Passion ,Editorial board ,050105 experimental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rheumatology ,Functional morphology ,ddc:790 ,motor control ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,ddc:610 ,media_common ,Kinesiology ,05 social sciences ,Motor control ,motor learning ,Curiosity ,Anatomy ,Journal club ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
We are glad to introduce the sixth Journal Club. This edition is focused on several relevant studies published in recent years in the field of Motor Control and Learning, chosen by our Editorial Board members and their colleagues. We hope to stimulate your curiosity in this field and to share with you the passion for sport seen also from the scientific point of view. The Editorial Board members wish you an inspiring lecture., Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 3 (1)
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- 2018
9. A Psychology of Sustainable Career Development: Hypernormalized Ideology or Inherently Sustainable?
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Bal, P. Matthijs and Alhnaity, Roxana
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Sustainable career development is a great priority for organizations, governments and individuals alike. Facing the grand challenges of our global world, careers and their development have to be re-designed to incorporate more sustainable ways of living and working. However, most work around sustainable careers is centered around neoliberal modes of organizing, amplifying individual responsibility of individuals for their careers, while treating careers merely as an instrumental 'tool' towards organizational performance and viability. Hence, sustainable careers are a hypernormalized ideology. In the current paper, a psychology of sustainable career development is introduced that deviates from earlier, more conservative models, of career development towards a more radical interpretation and recognition of truly sustainable ways of organizing and developing careers. Anchored in an interpretation of sustainable careers as promoting dignity and capabilities of people, this conceptual paper formulates a new psychology of the sustainable career, towards integration rather than individualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. A Bibliometric Analysis on the Early Works of Dental Anxiety.
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Yeung, Andy Wai Kan
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FEAR of dentists ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,DENTAL scaling ,DENTAL research ,WEB databases ,SCIENCE databases - Abstract
Dental anxiety has been a common phenomenon under investigation for decades. This report aimed to identify the historical roots of dental anxiety in the research literature. The literature database Web of Science Core Collection was searched to identify relevant papers on this theme. Cited reference analysis on the collected literature set was performed with CRExplorer, a dedicated bibliometric software. This analysis successfully identified the references dealing with dental anxiety in the late 1800s and early 1900s. They included essays that provided expert opinion on dental anxiety, reported semi-structured interviews to elucidate its underlying reasons, introduced psychometric scales to assess dental anxiety, and proposed theories and arguments from psychoanalytic aspects. Several references dealing with anxiety in general were also identified. To conclude, cited reference analysis was useful in revealing the historical origins of dental anxiety research. These cited references provided a concrete foundation to support subsequent dental anxiety research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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11. Revisiting Candidacy: What might it offer cancer prevention?
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Sara Macdonald, Samantha Batchelor, Emma R. Miller, Paul Ward, and Belinda Lunnay
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,primary prevention ,Disease ,Suicide prevention ,breast cancer ,Nursing ,Neoplasms ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,cancer ,candidacy ,Public health policy ,media_common ,lay epidemiology ,Cancer prevention ,Mechanism (biology) ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Concept Paper ,Negotiation ,Suicide ,Candidacy ,modifiable risk factors ,Medicine ,Psychology - Abstract
The notion of candidacy emerged three decades ago through Davison and colleagues’ exploration of people’s understanding of the causes of coronary heart disease. Candidacy was a mechanism to estimate one’s own or others risk of disease informed by their lay epidemiology. It could predict who would develop illness or explain why someone succumbed to it. Candidacy’s predictive ability, however, was fallible, and it was from this perspective that the public’s reticence to adhere to prevention messages could be explained, as ultimately anybody could be ‘at-risk’. This work continues to resonate in health research, with over 700 citations of Davison’s Candidacy paper. Less explored however, is the candidacy framework in its entirety in other illness spheres, where prevention efforts could potentially impact health outcomes. This paper revisits the candidacy framework to reconsider it use within prevention. In doing so, candidacy within coronary heart disease, suicide prevention, diabetes, and cancer will be examined, and key components of candidacy and how people negotiate their candidacy within differing disease contexts will be uncovered. The applicability of candidacy to address modifiable breast cancer risk factors or cancer prevention more broadly will be considered, as will the implications for public health policy.
- Published
- 2021
12. Data Analysis of Psychological Approaches to Soccer Research: Using LDA Topic Modeling.
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Lee, Jea Woog and Han, Doug Hyun
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DATA analysis ,PSYCHOLOGICAL factors ,SCIENCE databases ,PSYCHOLOGICAL research ,TEXT mining ,TOUGHNESS (Personality trait) - Abstract
This study identifies the topical areas of research that have attempted a psychological approach to soccer research over the last 33 years (1990–2022) and explored the growth and stagnation of the topic as well as research contributions to soccer development. Data were obtained from 1863 papers from the Web of Science database. The data were collected through keyword text mining and data preprocessing to determine the keywords needed for analysis. Based on the keywords, latent Dirichlet allocation-based topic modeling analysis was performed to analyze the topic distribution of papers and explore research trends by topic area. The topic modeling process included four topic area and fifty topics. The "Coaching Essentials in Football" topic area had the highest frequency, but it was not statistically identified as a trend. However, coaching, including training, is expected to continue to be an important research topic, as it is a key requirement for success in the highly competitive elite football world. Interest in the research field of "Psychological Skills for Performance Development" has waned in recent years. This may be due to the predominance of other subject areas rather than a lack of interest. Various high-tech interventions and problem-solving attempts are being made in this field, providing opportunities for qualitative and quantitative expansion. "Motivation, cognition, and emotion" is a largely underrated subject area in soccer psychology. This could be because survey-based psychological evaluation attempts have decreased as the importance of rapid field application has been emphasized in recent soccer-related studies. However, measuring psychological factors contributes to the study of football psychology through a new methodology and theoretical background. Recognizing the important role of psychological factors in player performance and mental management, as well as presenting new research directions and approaches that can be directly applied to the field, will advance soccer psychology research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. Defences, Human Nature, and Spiritual Awakening: A Christian Counselling Perspective.
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Lam, Angel Suet Man
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HUMAN behavior ,COUNSELING ,CHRISTIAN spirituality ,CRYSTALLINE lens ,VALUES (Ethics) ,RELIGIOUS psychology - Abstract
This article delves into the intricacies of human defences in various domains, including the biological and psychological responses to protect oneself, and the abstract concept of sacrificing one's life to uphold ethical, moral, religious, and spiritual values. While physical, psychological, and moral values have been attended to in counselling, regard for the religious and spiritual aspects is still developing. As the author writes from a Christian perspective, Christian faith and values are considered. It is posited that a study of human nature, as presented in the Christian Bible, can facilitate a profound comprehension of human defences. The paper scrutinizes the correlation between "human defences" and "Christian spirituality" through a Christian lens on human nature. Furthermore, it introduces the idea of "spiritual defence" and how it is related to a spiritual awakening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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14. The Development of a Multi-Modal Cancer Rehabilitation (Including Prehabilitation) Service in Sheffield, UK: Designing the Active Together Service.
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Humphreys, Liam, Myers, Anna, Frith, Gabriella, Thelwell, Michael, Pickering, Katie, Mills, Gary H., Kerr, Karen, Fisher, Patricia, Kidder, John, Keen, Carol, Hodson, Suzanne, Phillips, Gail, Smith, Rachel, Evans, Laura, Thornton, Sarah, Dale, Emma, Maxwell, Louise, Greenfield, Diana M., and Copeland, Robert
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HUMAN services programs ,BEHAVIOR modification ,PREHABILITATION ,CANCER patient medical care ,EXERCISE therapy ,QUALITY of life ,HEALTH behavior ,NUTRITIONAL status ,CANCER patient psychology ,SOCIAL support ,QUALITY assurance ,CANCER patient rehabilitation ,PHYSICAL activity - Abstract
Cancer patients undergoing major interventions face numerous challenges, including the adverse effects of cancer and the side effects of treatment. Cancer rehabilitation is vital in ensuring cancer patients have the support they need to maximise treatment outcomes and minimise treatment-related side effects and symptoms. The Active Together service is a multi-modal rehabilitation service designed to address critical support gaps for cancer patients. The service is located and provided in Sheffield, UK, an area with higher cancer incidence and mortality rates than the national average. The service aligns with local and regional cancer care objectives and aims to improve the clinical and quality-of-life outcomes of cancer patients by using lifestyle behaviour-change techniques to address their physical, nutritional, and psychological needs. This paper describes the design and initial implementation of the Active Together service, highlighting its potential to support and benefit cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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15. Research Directions for Leveraging and Supporting the Lived Experience of Mental Illness within Psychology.
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Haywood, Darren, Baughman, Frank D., Bosanac, Peter, Johnston, Kim, Gnatt, Inge, Haywood, Jennifer, Gullifer, Judith, and Rossell, Susan
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PSYCHIATRIC epidemiology ,MENTAL health personnel ,PSYCHIATRY ,EVALUATION of medical care ,OCCUPATIONAL roles ,CULTURE ,WORK environment ,SOCIAL support ,PSYCHOLOGY ,PSYCHOLOGISTS ,SOCIAL stigma ,EXPERIENCE ,PATIENTS' attitudes ,ABILITY ,TRAINING ,SOCIAL isolation ,QUALITY assurance ,STUDENTS ,STUDENT attitudes ,MENTAL illness ,ALLIED health personnel ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors - Abstract
This paper explores the lived experience of mental illness within the field of psychology across higher education and the mental health workforce. There is a high prevalence of mental health issues among psychology students and practitioners, and it is critical not only to provide support for these populations, but also to acknowledge the value of leveraging their lived experience within their education and practice. There has been increased interest in and advocacy for the involvement of those with lived experience of mental illness within mental healthcare service provision to improve patient experiences and outcomes. However, there have been limited acknowledgement and research regarding the role of psychologists with personal lived experiences of mental illness, and how to leverage this experience. Further, there are challenges faced by both psychology students and practising psychologists with lived experience that act as barriers to leveraging their unique skills and experiences. Psychology students with lived experience face stigma, inadequate support, and incongruence between the course material and their personal experiences. Similarly, practising psychologists with lived experience encounter stigma and isolation, indicating the need for a culture change that promotes transparency and understanding. The paper calls for research in five key directions to provide evidence that can be used to support and leverage lived experience in psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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16. Installation Art and the Elaboration of Psychological Concepts: A Definition of the Term 'Excursive'.
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Karadjova, Lilyana Georgieva
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PSYCHOLOGY of art ,ART objects ,INSTALLATION art ,DEFINITIONS ,GESTALT psychology - Abstract
This paper focuses on installation art and its potential to employ and elaborate psychological concepts. As Claire Bishop argues, installation art has a psychologically absorptive character because it activates and immerses the viewing subject. To analyze this immersive experience, she refers to Maurice Merleau-Ponty and the premise that subject and object are intertwined and reciprocally interdependent. In this paper I refer to these registers of artistic perception in order to explore the concept of 'excursive object', which was introduced by the contemporary artist and theorist Peter Tzanev in a site-specific installation (Credo Bonum Gallery, Sofia, 2018). It refers to both Elizabeth Helsinger's term 'excursive sight' and to Michel Foucault's notion of 'discursive object'. Whereas the latter is a discursive textual formation, which consists of apparent internal relations inside a statement, the excursive object of art emerges as a less perceivable configuration of elements. It does not result in a clear perceptual experience and reflects the unstable phenomenological interdependence of subject and object. Thus, Tzanev's novel excursive objects depart from the usual modes of perception. His concept reveals the viewer's particular experience of unstable configurations of elements in installation art. Furthermore, it could be explored as a resourceful term to describe perceptive situations in the psychology of contemporary art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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17. A Study on the Psychology of Social Engineering-Based Cyberattacks and Existing Countermeasures.
- Author
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Siddiqi, Murtaza Ahmed, Pak, Wooguil, and Siddiqi, Moquddam A.
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CYBERTERRORISM ,SOCIAL engineering (Fraud) ,SECURITY systems ,CYBERCRIMINALS ,INFORMATION technology security - Abstract
As cybersecurity strategies become more robust and challenging, cybercriminals are mutating cyberattacks to be more evasive. Recent studies have highlighted the use of social engineering by criminals to exploit the human factor in an organization's security architecture. Social engineering attacks exploit specific human attributes and psychology to bypass technical security measures for malicious acts. Social engineering is becoming a pervasive approach used for compromising individuals and organizations (is relatively more convenient to compromise a human compared to discovering a vulnerability in the security system). Social engineering-based cyberattacks are extremely difficult to counter as they do not follow specific patterns or approaches for conducting an attack, making them highly effective, efficient, easy, and obscure approaches for compromising any organization. To counter such attacks, a better understanding of the attack tactics is highly essential. Hence, this paper provides an in-depth analysis of the approaches used to conduct social engineering-based cyberattacks. This study discusses human vulnerabilities employed by criminals in recent security breaches. Further, the paper highlights the existing approaches, including machine learning-based methods, to counter social engineering-based cyberattacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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18. Simulation and Feedback in Health Education: A Mixed Methods Study Comparing Three Simulation Modalities
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Benjamin Geelan, Ivan Bindoff, Lauren Tait, Rohan Rasiah, Joyce Cooper, Tristan Ling, and Kenneth Lee
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020205 medical informatics ,genetic structures ,education ,pharmacy education ,lcsh:RS1-441 ,Pharmacy ,02 engineering and technology ,paper-based ,Article ,lcsh:Pharmacy and materia medica ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Virtual patient ,virtual patient ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Pharmacology (medical) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Disengagement theory ,standardized patient ,computer ,simulation ,scenarios ,virtual ,actor ,Medical education ,Modalities ,Modality (human–computer interaction) ,business.industry ,Pharmacy education ,Scenario simulation ,Health education ,Psychology ,business ,psychological phenomena and processes - Abstract
Background. There are numerous approaches to simulating a patient encounter in pharmacy education. However, little direct comparison between these approaches has been undertaken. Our objective was to investigate student experiences, satisfaction, and feedback preferences between three scenario simulation modalities (paper-, actor-, and computer-based). Methods. We conducted a mixed methods study with randomized cross-over of simulation modalities on final-year Australian graduate-entry Master of Pharmacy students. Participants completed case-based scenarios within each of three simulation modalities, with feedback provided at the completion of each scenario in a format corresponding to each simulation modality. A post-simulation questionnaire collected qualitative and quantitative responses pertaining to participant satisfaction, experiences, and feedback preferences. Results. Participants reported similar levels satisfaction across all three modalities. However, each modality resulted in unique positive and negative experiences, such as student disengagement with paper-based scenarios. Conclusion. Importantly, the themes of guidance and opportunity for peer discussion underlie the best forms of feedback for students. The provision of feedback following simulation should be carefully considered and delivered, with all three simulation modalities producing both positive and negative experiences in regard to their feedback format.
- Published
- 2018
19. Spatial Cognition and Three-Dimensional Vertical Urban Design Guidelines—Cognitive Measurement and Modelling for Human Centre Design.
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Choi, Hee Sun, Bruyns, Gerhard, Zhang, Wang, Cheng, Tian, and Sharma, Saijal
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COGNITIVE testing ,URBAN planning ,URBAN growth ,CITY dwellers ,PUBLIC spaces ,BUILT environment - Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that the emotional wellbeing of urban populations is influenced by various aspects of urban development, such as social factors and the presence of walkable areas and green spaces. However, there is a lack of research that closely integrates urban design and cognition, particularly in the context of vertical and volumetric urbanism. This disconnect between design and science disciplines is evident when reviewing the limited research on emotional and spatial cognition in this specific urban context. This paper seeks to address that disconnect by proposing a comprehensive framework for the cognitive measurement and modelling of the built environment. This will involve exploring and measuring neural mechanisms, employing electroencephalogram (EEG) equipment to measure user responses in vertical and volumetric public spaces. The aim is to create a foundation for further studies in this field that is consistent and rigorous and can facilitate collaboration with cognitive neuroscientists by establishing a shared conceptual basis. The goal of this research is to develop a human-centric approach for urban design that is scientific and measurable, producing a set of urban design guidelines that incorporate cognitive measurement and modelling, with the broader intention to prioritize human needs and wellbeing within urban environments to make them more liveable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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20. Erratum: Longo, U.G., et al. Scapular Dyskinesis: From Basic Science to Ultimate Treatment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17(8), 2974
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Emiliano Schena, Umile Giuseppe Longo, Vincenzo Denaro, Arianna Carnevale, Ara Nazarian, Joseph P. DeAngelis, Laura Risi Ambrogioni, Vincenzo Candela, Giovanna Stelitano, Carlo Massaroni, and Alessandra Berton
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musculoskeletal diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Shoulder ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,MEDLINE ,Library science ,lcsh:Medicine ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,biomechanics ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Range of Motion, Articular ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,arthroscopy ,Dyskinesias ,Shoulder Joint ,Public health ,Published Erratum ,lcsh:R ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Environmental research ,Concept Paper ,musculoskeletal system ,rotator cuff ,Biomechanical Phenomena ,Scapula ,n/a ,Erratum ,Psychology ,Scapular dyskinesis ,scapular dyskinesis - Abstract
Background: This study intends to summarize the causes, clinical examination, and treatments of scapular dyskinesis (SD) and to briefly investigate whether alteration can be managed by a precision rehabilitation protocol planned on the basis of features derived from clinical tests. Methods: We performed a comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL and EMBASE databases using various combinations of the keywords “Rotator cuff”, “Scapula”, “Scapular Dyskinesis”, “Shoulder”, “Biomechanics” and “Arthroscopy”. Results: SD incidence is growing in patients with shoulder pathologies, even if it is not a specific injury or directly related to a particular injury. SD can be caused by multiple factors or can be the trigger of shoulder-degenerative pathologies. In both cases, SD results in a protracted scapula with the arm at rest or in motion. Conclusions: A clinical evaluation of altered shoulder kinematics is still complicated. Limitations in observing scapular motion are mainly related to the anatomical position and function of the scapula itself and the absence of a tool for quantitative SD clinical assessment. High-quality clinical trials are needed to establish whether there is a possible correlation between SD patterns and the specific findings of shoulder pathologies with altered scapular kinematics.
- Published
- 2020
21. Twin Research in the Post-Genomic Era: Dissecting the Pathophysiological Effects of Adversity and the Social Environment
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Jonathan D. Turner, Conchita D'Ambrosio, Martin Diewald, and Claus Vögele
- Subjects
socioeconomic development ,Twins ,early life environment ,health status ,Disease ,Social Environment ,Sociology & anthropology ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,lcsh:Chemistry ,early childhood education and care ,Multidisciplinaire, généralités & autres [F99] [Sciences du vivant] ,life situation ,Mikrozensus ,Medical Sociology ,Twins, Dizygotic ,genetics ,Medicine, Social Medicine ,sozioökonomische Lage ,early-life environment ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Spectroscopy ,Lebenssituation ,DNA methylation ,sozioökonomische Entwicklung ,socioeconomic position ,twins ,General Medicine ,Environmental exposure ,Concept Paper ,Genomics ,frühkindliche Erziehung ,Computer Science Applications ,twin studies ,Medicine and health ,epidemiology ,Disease Susceptibility ,ddc:301 ,Psychology ,Cognitive psychology ,Genetic Research ,social adversity ,Genetics, Medical ,Multidisciplinary, general & others [F99] [Life sciences] ,Catalysis ,Sozialisation ,Inorganic Chemistry ,socioeconomic status ,Diseases in Twins ,Zwillingsforschung ,Humans ,microcensus ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,ddc:610 ,post-genomics ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Genetik ,Molecular Biology ,Epidemiologie ,Medizin und Gesundheit ,epigenetics ,Clinical study design ,Organic Chemistry ,socialization ,Social environment ,Epigenome ,Twins, Monozygotic ,Twin study ,Medizin, Sozialmedizin ,epigenetic epidemiology ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,Soziologie, Anthropologie ,Causal inference ,Gesundheitszustand ,Observational study ,Medizinsoziologie - Abstract
The role of twins in research is evolving as we move further into the post-genomic era. With the re-definition of what a gene is, it is becoming clear that biological family members who share a specific genetic variant may well not have a similar risk for future disease. This has somewhat invalidated the prior rationale for twin studies. Case co-twin study designs, however, are slowly emerging as the ideal tool to identify both environmentally induced epigenetic marks and epigenetic disease-associated processes. Here, we propose that twin lives are not as identical as commonly assumed and that the case co-twin study design can be used to investigate the effects of the adult social environment. We present the elements in the (social) environment that are likely to affect the epigenome and measures in which twins may diverge. Using data from the German TwinLife registry, we confirm divergence in both the events that occur and the salience for the individual start as early as age 11. Case co-twin studies allow for the exploitation of these divergences, permitting the investigation of the role of not only the adult social environment, but also the salience of an event or environment for the individual, in determining lifelong health trajectories. In cases like social adversity where it is clearly not possible to perform a randomised-controlled trial, we propose that the case co-twin study design is the most rigorous manner with which to investigate epigenetic mechanisms encoding environmental exposure. The role of the case co-twin design will continue to evolve, as we argue that it will permit causal inference from observational data.
- Published
- 2020
22. Defining Mental and Behavioural Disorders in Genetically Determined Neurodevelopmental Syndromes with Particular Reference to Prader-Willi Syndrome
- Author
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Joyce Whittington, Anthony J. Holland, Lucie C. S. Aman, Holland, Anthony [0000-0003-4107-130X], Aman, Lucie [0000-0002-5252-8873], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Psychosis ,major depressive illness ,Genotype ,Prader–Willi syndrome ,Population ,Psychological intervention ,autism ,Comorbidity ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,genetic syndrome ,psychosis ,education ,Genetics (clinical) ,Problem Behavior ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,education.field_of_study ,skin picking ,Cognition ,Concept Paper ,medicine.disease ,Mental illness ,mental illness ,obsessive-compulsive disorder ,030104 developmental biology ,Phenotype ,Psychotic Disorders ,Neurodevelopmental Disorders ,eating disorder ,Autism ,Prader-Willi syndrome ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology ,Psychopathology ,Research Domain Criteria - Abstract
Genetically determined neurodevelopmental syndromes are frequently associated with a particular developmental trajectory, and with a cognitive profile and increased propensity to specific mental and behavioural disorders that are particular to, but not necessarily unique to the syndrome. How should these mental and behavioural disorders best be conceptualised given that similar symptoms are included in the definition of different mental disorders as listed in DSM-5 and ICD-10? In addition, a different conceptual framework, that of applied behavioural analysis, has been used to inform interventions for what are termed ‘challenging behaviours’ in contrast to types of interventions for those conditions meeting diagnostic criteria for a ‘mental disorder’. These syndrome-specific developmental profiles and associated co-morbidities must be a direct or indirect consequence of the genetic abnormality associated with that syndrome, but the genetic loci associated with the syndrome may not be involved in the aetiology of similar symptoms in the general population. This being so, should we expect underlying brain mechanisms and treatments for specific psychopathology in one group to be effective in the other? Using Prader-Willi syndrome as an example, we propose that the conceptual thinking that informed the development of the Research Domain Criteria provides a model for taxonomy of psychiatric and behavioural disorders in genetically determined neurodevelopmental syndromes. This model brings together diagnostic, psychological and developmental approaches with the aim of matching specific behaviours to identifiable neural mechanisms.
- Published
- 2019
23. Kierkegaardian Virtues and the Problem of Self-Effacement.
- Author
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Stokes, Patrick
- Subjects
VIRTUE ethics ,VIRTUE ,ETHICS ,VIRTUES ,JOURNALISTS ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
One of the more well-known objections to Kierkegaard's moral philosophy is that he presents a view of moral life that is self-absorbed almost to the point of solipsism, focused on the subject's own moral status rather than acting from responsiveness to others. Kierkegaard commentators have gone to great lengths to debunk such readings, to demonstrate that Kierkegaard is indeed a far more other-oriented ethicist than such critiques would suggest. At the same time, many—though not all—commentators have come to read Kierkegaard as a Christian virtue ethicist. Yet virtue ethics itself has been objected to on the grounds that it is (1) self-effacing (it requires us to act for reasons or from motives other than those virtue ethics itself endorses), (2) egoistic (it serves the benefit of the agent themselves), and (3) self-absorbed (it causes the agent to focus on themselves rather than others). This paper considers whether and how these objections might apply to Kierkegaard, and argues that his moral psychology has specific resources for answering these objections in distinctive ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Influence of Technology on Perceived Obsolescence though Product Design Properties.
- Author
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Pardo-Vicente, Miguel-Angel, Camacho-Magriñan, Patricia, and Pavon-Dominguez, Pablo
- Abstract
Formal or perceived obsolescence describes the fact that users decide to stop using a product, even though it still fulfils its function. This is because the design is perceived as obsolete, which also leads to negative product semantics. This is often the case with products that are frequently updated to incorporate the latest technology. The aim of this paper is to understand the influence of technology on the perception of design. To this end, 297 people were surveyed about their perception of formal obsolescence in regard to different elements of a car and a smartphone, based on their design properties: shape, colour and material. In addition, technological attributes (some of which were dystopian) were added to these products to assess the influence of current or obsolete technology on participants' perception of obsolescence. Possible correlations were assessed by means of a chi-square analysis. The results show that technology does not influence all design properties in the same way, with shape being more important than colour or material. This is especially true for multimedia products, such as vehicle displays or smartphones. The results of this paper can help design engineers to create products that last longer, while also reducing their environmental impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. A Rationale for Music Training to Enhance Executive Functions in Parkinson’s Disease: An Overview of the Problem
- Author
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Jennifer A. Bugos, Brea Murakami, and Teresa Lesiuk
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Parkinson's disease ,Leadership and Management ,lcsh:Medicine ,Health Informatics ,cerebellar-thalamocortical network (CTC) ,050105 experimental psychology ,Parkinson’s Disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Rhythm ,Health Information Management ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance ,Working memory ,Health Policy ,lcsh:R ,05 social sciences ,Cognition ,Concept Paper ,medicine.disease ,Executive functions ,SMA ,executive functions ,Gait ,fine motor ,Psychology ,music training ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Music listening interventions such as Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation can improve mobility, balance, and gait in Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Yet, the impact of music training on executive functions is not yet known. Deficits in executive functions (e.g., attention, processing speed) in patients with PD result in gait interference, deficits in emotional processing, loss of functional capacity (e.g., intellectual activity, social participation), and reduced quality of life. The model of temporal prediction and timing suggests two networks collectively contribute to movement generation and execution: the basal ganglia-thalamocortical network (BGTC) and the cerebellar-thalamocortical network (CTC). Due to decreases in dopamine responsible for the disruption of the BGTC network in adults with PD, it is hypothesized that rhythmic auditory cues assist patients through recruiting an alternate network, the CTC, which extends to the supplementary motor areas (SMA) and the frontal cortices. In piano training, fine motor finger movements activate the cerebellum and SMA, thereby exercising the CTC network. We hypothesize that exercising the CTC network through music training will contribute to enhanced executive functions. Previous research suggested that music training enhances cognitive performance (i.e., working memory and processing speed) in healthy adults and adults with cognitive impairments. This review and rationale provides support for the use of music training to enhance cognitive outcomes in patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD).
- Published
- 2018
26. The Intermediate Value Theorem and Decision-Making in Psychology and Economics: An Expositional Consolidation.
- Author
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Ghosh, Aniruddha, Khan, Mohammed Ali, and Uyanik, Metin
- Subjects
VALUE (Economics) ,DECISION theory ,PSYCHOLOGY ,DECISION making ,VALUATION of real property ,MATHEMATICAL economics - Abstract
On taking the intermediate value theorem (IVT) and its converse as a point of departure, this paper connects the intermediate value property (IVP) to the continuity postulate typically assumed in mathematical economics, and to the solvability axiom typically assumed in mathematical psychology. This connection takes the form of four portmanteau theorems, two for functions and the other two for binary relations, that give a synthetic and novel overview of the subject. In supplementation, the paper also surveys the antecedent literature both on the IVT itself, as well as its applications in economic and decision theory. The work underscores how a humble theorem, when viewed in a broad historical frame, bears the weight of many far-reaching consequences; and testifies to a point of view that the apparently complicated can sometimes be under-girded by a most basic and simple execution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. A Novel Data-Driven Model for the Effect of Mood State on Thermal Sensation.
- Author
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Turhan, Cihan, Özbey, Mehmet Furkan, Çeter, Aydın Ege, and Akkurt, Gulden Gokcen
- Subjects
THERMAL comfort ,COVID-19 pandemic ,SENSES ,CORRECTION factors - Abstract
Thermal comfort has an important role in human life, considering that people spend most of their lives in indoor environments. However, the necessity of ensuring the thermal comfort of these people presents an important problem, calculating the thermal comfort accurately. The assessment of thermal comfort has always been problematic, from past to present, and the studies conducted in this field have indicated that there is a gap between thermal comfort and thermal sensation. Although recent studies have shown an effort to take human psychology into account more extensively, these studies just focused on the physiological responses of the human body under psychological disturbances. On the other hand, the mood state of people is one of the most significant parameters of human psychology. Thus, this paper investigated the effect of occupants' mood states on thermal sensation; furthermore, it introduced a novel "Mood State Correction Factor" (MSCF) to the existing thermal comfort model. To this aim, experiments were conducted at a mixed-mode building in a university between 15 August 2021 and 15 August 2022. Actual Mean Vote (AMV) and Profile of Mood States (POMS) were used to examine the effect of mood state on thermal sensation. The outcomes of this study showed that in the mood states of very pessimistic and very optimistic, the occupants felt warmer than the calculated one and the MSCFs are calculated as −0.125 and −0.114 for the very pessimistic and very optimistic mood states, respectively. It is worth our time to note that the experiments in this study were conducted during the COVID-19 Global Pandemic and the results of this study could differ in different cultural backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Putting the Gaming Experience at the Center of the Therapy—The Video Game Therapy ® Approach.
- Author
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Bocci, Francesco, Ferrari, Ambra, and Sarini, Marcello
- Subjects
MENTAL illness treatment ,DRUG addiction ,PROBLEM solving ,RECREATIONAL therapy ,POST-traumatic stress disorder ,MENTAL depression ,DECISION making ,VIDEO games ,PLAY therapy ,ANXIETY ,SOCIAL skills ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,PSYCHOTHERAPY - Abstract
Simple Summary: Genesis and definition of the VGT
® approach. Video games have been increasingly used as a form of therapy for various mental health conditions. Research has shown that video games can be used to treat conditions such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, and addiction. One of the main benefits of video games in therapy is that they can provide a sense of engagement and immersion that traditional therapy methods may lack. Additionally, video games can teach valuable skills such as problem solving, decision making, and coping strategies. Video games can also simulate real-life scenarios, allowing individuals to practice and improve social skills in a safe and controlled environment. Furthermore, video games can provide feedback and track progress objectively and quantifiably. This paper proposes an approach, the Video Game Therapy® (VGT® ) approach, where game experience is put at the center of the therapy in a tailored way, connecting the individual patient's personality, the therapy's goals, and the suggested type of video game through the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).VGT® 's core assumption is that playing video games could facilitate patients in reaching conditions where traditional methodologies and therapeutic approaches could work best. VGT® was elaborated according to the Adlerian therapy vision and, consequently, the different phases of Adlerian therapy and VGT® match. Despite the use of video games in psychotherapy might have some adverse effects in specific cases, VGT® is currently used in three associations with positive results in promoting emotional experimentation and literacy, social feeling, sense of identity, and activating cognitive processes. Future developments include expanding the use of VGT® further to validate such results from a statistical point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. The Effects of Massage Therapy on Sport and Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review.
- Author
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Dakić, Miloš, Toskić, Lazar, Ilić, Vladimir, Đurić, Saša, Dopsaj, Milivoj, and Šimenko, Jožef
- Subjects
MASSAGE therapy ,EXERCISE therapy ,BLOOD lactate ,MYALGIA ,PAIN management - Abstract
Background: A massage is a tool that is frequently used in sports and exercise in general for recovery and increased performance. In this review paper, we aimed to search and systemize current literature findings relating to massages' effects on sports and exercise performance concerning its effects on motor abilities and neurophysiological and psychological mechanisms. Methods: The review has been written following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis) guidelines. One hundred and fourteen articles were included in this review. Results: The data revealed that massages, in general, do not affect motor abilities, except flexibility. However, several studies demonstrated that positive muscle force and strength changed 48 h after the massage was given. Concerning neurophysiological parameters, the massage did not change blood lactate clearance, muscle blood flow, muscle temperature, or activation. However, many studies indicate pain reduction and delayed onset muscle soreness, which are probably correlated with the reduction of the level of creatine kinase enzyme and psychological mechanisms. In addition, the massage treatment led to a decrease in depression, stress, anxiety, and the perception of fatigue and an increase in mood, relaxation, and the perception of recovery. Conclusion: The direct usage of massages just for gaining results in sport and exercise performance seems questionable. However, it is indirectly connected to performance as an important tool when an athlete should stay focused and relaxed during competition or training and recover after them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Effects of Non-Differential Exposure Misclassification on False Conclusions in Hypothesis-Generating Studies
- Author
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A. Schnatter, Igor Burstyn, and Yunwen Yang
- Subjects
false positive ,ase-control studies ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,False positives and false negatives ,lcsh:Medicine ,Monte-Carlo simulation ,Bayesian ,power ,Bayes' theorem ,study design ,Bias ,Statistics ,False positive paradox ,Humans ,hypothesis-testing ,Spurious relationship ,Statistical hypothesis testing ,Probability ,lcsh:R ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,false negative ,Bayes Theorem ,Concept Paper ,Models, Theoretical ,Research Design ,exposure misclassification ,Case-Control Studies ,Data Interpretation, Statistical ,Per-comparison error rate ,Null hypothesis ,Psychology ,Monte Carlo Method ,measurement error ,Type I and type II errors - Abstract
Despite the theoretical success of obviating the need for hypothesis-generating studies, they live on in epidemiological practice. Cole asserted that “… there is boundless number of hypotheses that could be generated, nearly all of them wrong” and urged us to focus on evaluating “credibility of hypothesis”. Adopting a Bayesian approach, we put this elegant logic into quantitative terms at the study planning stage for studies where the prior belief in the null hypothesis is high (i.e., “hypothesis-generating” studies). We consider not only type I and II errors (as is customary) but also the probabilities of false positive and negative results, taking into account typical imperfections in the data. We concentrate on a common source of imperfection in the data: non-differential misclassification of binary exposure classifier. In context of an unmatched case-control study, we demonstrate—both theoretically and via simulations—that although non-differential exposure misclassification is expected to attenuate real effect estimates, leading to the loss of ability to detect true effects, there is also a concurrent increase in false positives. Unfortunately, most investigators interpret their findings from such work as being biased towards the null rather than considering that they are no less likely to be false signals. The likelihood of false positives dwarfed the false negative rate under a wide range of studied settings. We suggest that instead of investing energy into understanding credibility of dubious hypotheses, applied disciplines such as epidemiology, should instead focus attention on understanding consequences of pursuing specific hypotheses, while accounting for the probability that the observed “statistically significant” association may be qualitatively spurious.
- Published
- 2014
31. The impact of Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser Syndrome on Psychology, Quality of Life, and Sexual Life of Patients: A Systematic Review.
- Author
-
Tsarna, Ermioni, Eleftheriades, Anna, Eleftheriades, Makarios, Kalampokas, Emmanouil, Liakopoulou, Maria-Konstantina, and Christopoulos, Panagiotis
- Subjects
ONLINE information services ,ORGASM ,MAYER-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome ,HUMAN sexuality ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PSYCHOLOGY ,SEX distribution ,SOCIAL security ,QUALITY of life ,MENTAL depression ,MEDLINE ,ANXIETY ,SEXUAL excitement - Abstract
Background: Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a rare congenital syndrome characterized by uterovaginal agenesis. Most patients are diagnosed during adolescence, when body image and sexual identity are shaped. Our main objective was to investigate how MRKH syndrome affects psychology, quality of life (QoL), and the sexual life of patients compared with non-affected individuals. Methods: Original peer-reviewed research papers examining psychological outcomes, QoL, and sexual function of MRKH patients were searched in PubMed. Titles, abstracts, and full text from potentially eligible records were reviewed by two independent reviewers. Case reports and papers published not in English were excluded. Results: Our search identified 63 records, of which 20 were included: 10 examined psychological and psychosocial outcomes, 14 examined sexual function outcomes, and 6 examined QoL outcomes. Results may be affected by selection bias and confounding due to differences between MRKH patients and controls. Conclusions: MRKH could be associated with a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms and social insecurity compared with women of a similar age without the condition. MRKH could also be associated with greater pain and discomfort during sexual intercourse and limitations in arousal, lubrication, and orgasm. MRKH patients more commonly experience impairment of mental-health-related QoL, but physical-health-related QoL is not affected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Violence and Capacity to Hate.
- Author
-
de Felice, Giulio and Tutal, Nihal
- Subjects
VIOLENCE & psychology ,THOUGHT & thinking ,BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL model ,PSYCHOLOGY ,CONCEPTUAL models ,EMOTIONS ,MEDICAL research ,GROUP dynamics - Abstract
This paper analyses two opposite relational configurations: violence and the capacity to hate. The former results in a psychic impoverishment, the latter in a psychic development. Primarily, the aspects of violence and the inability to hate within modern Western society are introduced. When a psychic fragility is unconsciously supported by an entire society, it becomes even more difficult to alleviate, and transform into a resource promoting psychic development. The second section explores the use of hate by young children in order to show the naturalness of this emotion and its origin. In the third and fourth sections, the unfortunate outcomes of the incapacity to hate, leading to violent antisocial conduct, are explored. To do so, the pioneering contributions by Melanie Klein and Donald Winnicott are commented on, followed by modern contributions by the literature: one of our articles published in 2020, and the review of the literature published by Alessandro Orsini on the topic of radicalisation. Finally, the differences between violence and the capacity to hate are highlighted and summarised. The article also emphasises numerous bibliographic references to further deepen the study on violence from a psycho-social perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Behavioral Propagation Based on Passionate Psychology on Single Networks with Limited Contact.
- Author
-
Liu, Siyuan, Tian, Yang, and Zhu, Xuzhen
- Subjects
POSITIVE psychology ,PSYCHOLOGY ,HETEROGENEITY - Abstract
Passionate psychology behavior is a common behavior in everyday society but has been rarely studied on complex networks; so, it needs to be explored in more scenarios. In fact, the limited contact feature network will be closer to the real scene. In this paper, we study the influence of sensitive behavior and the heterogeneity of individual contact ability in a single-layer limited-contact network, and propose a single-layer model with limited contact that includes passionate psychology behaviors. Then, a generalized edge partition theory is used to study the information propagation mechanism of the model. Experimental results show that a cross-phase transition occurs. In this model, when individuals display positive passionate psychology behaviors, the final spreading scope will show a second-order continuous increase. When the individual exhibits negative sensitive behavior, the final spreading scope will show a first-order discontinuous increase In addition, heterogeneity in individuals' limited contact capabilities alters the speed of information propagation and the pattern of global adoption. Eventually, the outcomes of the theoretic analysis match those of the simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Perceptual Factors Influencing the Adoption of Innovative Tissue Culture Technology by the Australian Avocado Industry.
- Author
-
Thorne, Hannah Briony, Axtens, Jenna, and Best, Talitha
- Subjects
TISSUE culture ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,INNOVATION adoption ,AGRICULTURAL extension work ,AVOCADO ,BEHAVIORAL sciences ,ORCHARDS - Abstract
Avocado growers in Australia are currently experiencing long wait times for orchard-ready plants, limiting productivity and profitability. Tissue culture technology represents a faster and more efficient process of producing plants, offering a solution. However, the development of new growing technology comes with the inherent risk of industry nonacceptance and limited uptake, a costly problem for both innovators and industry. This study explored factors related to technology acceptance by the intended end-users of tissue culture technology within the avocado industry in Australia. The study provides key insights into the overall industry sentiment towards uptake and adoption of tissue-culture technology. An online survey was conducted with participants from the Australian avocado industry and demonstrated perceptions of tissue culture technology were generally positive and that, with appropriate extension services, adoption is predicted to be high across industry users. This paper contributes to the behavioural science of technology adoption by exploring perceived use and likely uptake prior to the broad extension strategies of a new technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Measuring and Comparing Student Performance: A New Technique for Assessing Directional Associations.
- Author
-
Lingzhi Chen and Zitikis, Ričardas
- Subjects
ACADEMIC achievement ,PSYCHOLOGISTS ,TEACHING methods ,PEARSON correlation (Statistics) ,REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
Measuring and comparing student performance have been topics of much interest for educators and psychologists. Particular attention has traditionally been paid to the design of experimental studies and careful analyses of observational data. Classical statistical techniques, such as fitting regression lines, have traditionally been utilized and far-reaching policy guidelines offered. In the present paper, we argue in favour of a novel technique, which is mathematical in nature, and whose main idea relies on measuring distance of the actual bivariate data from the class of all monotonic (increasing in the context of this paper) patterns. The technique sharply contrasts the classical approach of fitting least-squares regression lines to actual data, which usually follow non-linear and even non-monotonic patterns, and then assessing and comparing their slopes based on the Pearson correlation coefficient, whose use is justifiable only when patterns are (approximately) linear. We describe the herein suggested distance-based technique in detail, show its benefits, and provide a step-by-step implementation guide. Detailed graphical and numerical illustrations elucidate our theoretical considerations throughout the paper. The index of increase, upon which the technique is based, can also be used as a summary index for the LOESS and other fitted regression curves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Embedding Behavioral and Social Sciences across the Medical Curriculum: (Auto) Ethnographic Insights from Medical Schools in the United Kingdom.
- Author
-
Dikomitis, Lisa, Wenning, Brianne, Ghobrial, Andrew, and Adams, Karen M.
- Subjects
MEDICAL schools ,MEDICAL sciences ,BEHAVIORAL sciences ,MEDICAL students ,MEDICAL education - Abstract
Key concepts and theories that are taught in order to develop cultural competency skills are often introduced to medical students throughout behavioral and social science (BSS) learning content. BSS represents a core component of medical education in the United Kingdom. In this paper, we examine, through (auto)ethnographic data and reflections, the experiences of BSS in medical education. The empirical data and insights have been collected in two ways: (1) through long-term ethnographic fieldwork among medical students and (2) via autoethnographic reflexive practice undertaken by the co-authors who studied, worked, examined, and collaborated with colleagues at different UK medical schools. Our findings indicate that despite BSS constituting a mandatory, essential component of the medical curriculum, medical students did not always perceive BSS as useful for their future practice as doctors, nor did they find it to be clinically relevant, in comparison to the biomedical learning content. We suggest that it is paramount for all stakeholders to commit to cultivating and developing cultural competency skills in medical education, through robustly embedding BSS learning content across the undergraduate medical curriculum. We conclude with recommendations for a wide range of educational practices that would ensure a full integration of BSS in the medical curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Psycho-Neuro-Endocrine-Immunology: A Role for Melatonin in This New Paradigm.
- Author
-
Bitzer-Quintero, Oscar K., Ortiz, Genaro G., Jaramillo-Bueno, Socorro, Ramos-González, Elsy J., Márquez-Rosales, María G., Delgado-Lara, Daniela L. C., Torres-Sánchez, Erandis D., Tejeda-Martínez, Aldo R., and Ramirez-Jirano, Javier
- Subjects
MELATONIN ,HUMAN experimentation - Abstract
Psychoneuroendocrinoimmunology is the area of study of the intimate relationship between immune, physical, emotional, and psychological aspects. This new way of studying the human body and its diseases was initiated in the last century's first decades. However, the molecules that participate in the communication between the immune, endocrine, and neurological systems are still being discovered. This paper aims to describe the development of psychoneuroendocrinoimmunology, its scopes, limitations in actual medicine, and the extent of melatonin within it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Psychosocial Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Review.
- Author
-
Budd, Maggi A., Gater Jr., David R., and Channell, Isabella
- Subjects
SPINAL cord injuries ,HEALTH behavior ,ANXIETY ,BRAIN injuries ,SOCIAL impact ,POSTTRAUMATIC growth ,PATIENT-centered care - Abstract
Consequences of a spinal cord injury (SCI) entail much more than damage to the spinal cord. The lives of people with SCI, along with those around them, experience profound long-lasting changes in nearly every life domain. SCI is a physical (biological) injury that is inextricably combined with various psychological and social consequences. The objective of this review is to present psychosocial challenges following SCI through the biopsychosocial model, beginning with acknowledgement of the larger societal effects of ableism and stigma before addressing the many unique psychosocial aspects of living with SCI. Included in this review are qualitative studies and systematic reviews on current psychosocial outcomes and consequences. This paper attempts to structure this information by dividing it into the following sections: relationships and family; changes in finances and employment; issues related to the person's living situation; community reintegration; factors associated with mood and coping (e.g., depression, anxiety, substance use, and PTSD); self-harm behaviors (ranging from nonadherence to suicide); effects of traumatic brain injury; considerations regarding sexual health; aging with SCI; and concludes with a brief discussion about post-traumatic growth. Cultivating an understanding of the unique and interrelated psychosocial consequences of people living with SCI may help mitigate the psychosocial aftermath and serve as a reminder to providers to maintain a person-centered approach to care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Key Topics and Future Perspectives in Natural Hazards Research.
- Author
-
Tapete, Deodato
- Subjects
DROUGHT management ,EMERGENCY management ,DROUGHTS ,NATURAL disasters ,SPILLWAYS ,BIG data - Abstract
Since early 2018 the "Natural Hazards" Section of Geosciences journal has aimed to publish pure, experimental, or applied research that is focused on advancing methodologies, technologies, expertise, and capabilities to detect, characterize, monitor, and model natural hazards and assess their associated risks. This stream of geoscientific research has reached a high degree of specialization and represents a multi-disciplinary research realm. To inaugurate this section, the Special Issue "Key Topics and Future Perspectives in Natural Hazards Research" was launched. After a year and half since the call for papers was initially opened, the special issue is now completed with the editorial introducing the collection of 10 selected papers covering the following hot topics of natural hazards research: (i) trends in publications and research directions at international level; (ii) the role of Big Data in natural disaster management; (iii) assessment of seismic risk through the understanding and quantification of its three components (i.e., hazard, vulnerability and exposure/impact); (iv) climatic/hydro-meteorological hazards (i.e., drought, hurricanes); and (v) scientific analysis of past incidents and disaster forensics (i.e., the Oroville Dam 2017 spillway incident). The present editorial provides a summary of each paper of the collection within the current context of scientific research on natural hazards, pointing out the salient results and key messages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Determinants of Adherence to a "GRADIOR" Computer-Based Cognitive Training Program in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Mild Dementia.
- Author
-
Diaz Baquero, Angie A., Perea Bartolomé, María V., Toribio-Guzmán, José Miguel, Martínez-Abad, Fernando, Parra Vidales, Esther, Bueno Aguado, Yolanda, van der Roest, Henriëtte G., and Franco-Martín, Manuel A.
- Subjects
COGNITIVE training ,EXECUTIVE function ,COMPUTER assisted instruction ,MILD cognitive impairment ,DEMENTIA ,COGNITIVE flexibility ,WECHSLER Adult Intelligence Scale - Abstract
Background: Computer-based programs have been implemented from a psychosocial approach for the care of people with dementia (PwD). However, several factors may determine adherence of older PwD to this type of treatment. The aim of this paper was to identify the sociodemographic, cognitive, psychological, and physical-health determinants that helped predict adherence or not to a "GRADIOR" computerized cognitive training (CCT) program in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia. Method: This study was part of a randomized clinical trial (RCT) (ISRCTN: 15742788). However, this study will only focus on the experimental group (n = 43) included in the RCT. This group was divided into adherent people (compliance: ≥60% of the sessions and persistence in treatment up to 4 months) and non-adherent. The participants were 60–90 age and diagnosed with MCI and mild dementia. We selected from the evaluation protocol for the RCT, tests that evaluated cognitive aspects (memory and executive functioning), psychological and physical health. The CCT with GRADIOR consisted of attending 2–3 weekly sessions for 4 months with a duration of 30 min Data analysis: Phi and Biserial-point correlations, a multiple logical regression analysis was obtained to find the adherence model and U Mann–Whitney was used. Results: The adherence model was made up of the Digit Symbol and Arithmetic of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III) and Lexical Verbal Fluency (LVF) -R tests. This model had 90% sensitivity, 50% specificity and 75% precision. The goodness-of-fit p-value of the model was 0.02. Conclusions: good executive functioning in attention, working memory (WM), phonological verbal fluency and cognitive flexibility predicted a greater probability that a person would be adherent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. How Cross-Discipline Understanding and Communication Can Improve Research on Multiracial Populations.
- Author
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Gaither, Sarah E. and Sims, Jennifer Patrice
- Subjects
MULTIRACIAL people ,PSYCHOLOGICAL research ,SOCIOLOGICAL research ,RESEARCH methodology ,EXPERIENCE - Abstract
One of the strengths of Critical Mixed Race Studies is that it represents research methodologies and frameworks from multiple disciplines across the social sciences and humanities. However, if these disciplines are not in dialogue with each other, that benefit may be lost. Here, we use psychological and sociological research on Multiracial populations as examples to argue how strict disciplinarity and methodological trends may limit scientific production. We propose that reading and citing work across disciplines, expanding methodological training, and rejecting hegemonic "white logic" assumptions about what is "publishable" can enhance Multiracial research. First, the ability to cite effectively across disciplines will shorten the time it takes for new theories to be developed that focus on empirically underrepresented populations. Secondly, increasing understanding of both quantitative and qualitative methods will allow more effective reading between disciplines while also creating opportunities to engage with both causality and the richness of experiences that comprise being Multiracial. Finally, these changes would then situate scholars to be more effective reviewers, thereby enhancing the peer-reviewed publication process to one that routinely rejects color evasive racist practices that privilege work on majority populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Robotic Psychology: A PRISMA Systematic Review on Social-Robot-Based Interventions in Psychological Domains.
- Author
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Duradoni, Mirko, Colombini, Giulia, Russo, Paola Andrea, and Guazzini, Andrea
- Subjects
ROBOTS ,MEDICAL care ,EMPLOYMENT ,PSYCHOLOGY ,PSYCHOTHERAPY - Abstract
Current technological advancements have allowed robots to be successfully employed in the healthcare sector. However, the recently acquired ability of social robots to process social information and act according to it has potentially made them very well suited to support or conduct psychological interventions. The present paper carried out a systematic review of the available literature regarding social-robot-based interventions in psychological domains using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The inclusion criteria were: (i) publication date until 2020; (ii) being an empirical study, master thesis, or project report; (iii) written in English or Italian languages (the two languages spoken by the authors); (iv) published in a scholarly peer-reviewed journal or conference proceedings, or were Ph.D. or master's theses; and (v) assessed "social robot"-based intervention in psychological domains. Overall, the review showed that three main areas may benefit from social-robot-based interventions: social skills, mood, and wellbeing (e.g., stress and anxiety levels). Interestingly, social robots seemed to have a performance comparable to, and sometimes even better than, human operators. The main, but not exclusive, target of robot-based interventions in the psychological field was children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). As evidence is, however, still limited and in an embryonic state, deeper investigations are needed to assess the full potential of social robots for the purposes of psychological intervention. This is relevant, considering the role that social robots could have in overcoming barriers to access psychological assessment and therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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43. Psychologists' Role in Concussion Assessments for Children and Adolescents in Pediatric Practice.
- Author
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Apple RW, Stran BM, and Tross B
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Glasgow Coma Scale, Humans, Role, Athletes psychology, Athletic Injuries diagnosis, Brain Concussion diagnosis, Brain Concussion therapy, Psychology, Sports, Sports Medicine methods
- Abstract
An estimated 1.1 to 1.9 million children and adolescents in the United States are treated for a sports- or recreationally-related concussion each year. The importance of formalized assessment and measurement of concussion symptoms has been widely recognized as a component of best-practice treatment. The present paper reviews a sample of the most commonly used measures of concussion symptomology and explores psychologists' role in their application in a pediatric practice. In addition, other issues such as accessibility and the appropriateness of application with child and adolescent patients are discussed. Literature is reviewed from journals pertaining to pediatric and adolescent medicine, sports medicine, neuropsychology, and testing and measurement.
- Published
- 2020
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44. A Temporal Case-Based Reasoning Platform Relying on a Fuzzy Vector Spaces Object-Oriented Model and a Method to Design Knowledge Bases and Decision Support Systems in Multiple Domains.
- Author
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Colloc, Joël, Yameogo, Relwendé Aristide, Summons, Peter, Loubet, Lilian, Cavelier, Jean-Bernard, and Bridier, Paul
- Subjects
CASE-based reasoning ,DECISION support systems ,VECTOR spaces ,KNOWLEDGE base ,MEDICAL decision making - Abstract
Knowledge bases in complex domains must take into account many attributes describing numerous objects that are themselves components of complex objects. Temporal case-based reasoning (TCBR) requires comparing the structural evolution of component objects and their states (attribute values) at different levels of granularity. This paper provides some significant contributions to computer science. It extends a fuzzy vector space object-oriented model and method (FVSOOMM) to present a new platform and a method guideline capable of designing objects and attributes that represent timepoint knowledge objects. It shows how temporal case-based reasoning can use distances between temporal fuzzy vector functions to compare these knowledge objects' evolution. It describes examples of interfaces that have been implemented on this new platform. These include an expert's interface that describes a knowledge class diagram; a practitioner's interface that instantiates domain objects and their attribute constraints; and an end-user interface to input attribute values of the real cases stored in a domain case database. This paper illustrates resultant knowledge bases in different domains, with examples of pulmonary embolism diagnosis in medicine and decision making in French municipal territorial recomposition. The paper concludes with the current limitations of the proposed model, its future perspectives and possible platform enhancements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Designing for Temporal Harmony: Exploring the Well-Being Concept for Designing the Temporal Dimension of User Experience.
- Author
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Perrino, Cristina Hermosa and Burmester, Michael
- Subjects
WELL-being ,PSYCHOLOGY ,HARMONY in music ,HEDONISTIC consumption ,TIME perspective - Abstract
User Experience (UX) is characterized by its temporal dimension, dynamic nature, and variability. Although descriptive models about the temporal dimension and related aspects exist, an understanding of the design possibilities and a design approach that ensures the design of the temporal dimension promoting a positive UX and well-being are still lacking. This paper addresses this research gap and builds on Zimbardo and Boyd’s Time Perspective Theory (TPT). TPT presents five time perspectives (TPs)—Past-Negative, Past-Positive, Present-Fatalistic, Present-Hedonistic, and Future—to reveal that people have individual attitudes toward time that influence their thoughts, actions, and feelings. Studies conclude that a balance between the positive TPs (Past-Positive, Present-Hedonistic, and Future), i.e., temporal harmony, contributes to long-term well-being. We present our design framework and approach “designing for temporal harmony,” which incorporates the theory into the practice to highlight the temporal design possibilities and to offer guidance for designers. We applied the design framework and approach to a case study, developed an app concept, and evaluated it with users. The results demonstrate that it is possible to systematically develop temporal UX concepts that evoke positive anticipations, experiences, and retrospections, and that these promote a positive UX as well as contribute to users’ long-term well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Network Models for Cognitive Development and Intelligence.
- Author
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van der Maas, Han L. J., Kan, Kees-Jan, Marsman, Maarten, and Stevenson, Claire E.
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGY ,COGNITION ,INTELLECT ,COGNITIVE development ,INDIVIDUAL differences - Abstract
Cronbach's (1957) famous division of scientific psychology into two disciplines is still apparent for the fields of cognition (general mechanisms) and intelligence (dimensionality of individual differences). The welcome integration of the two fields requires the construction of mechanistic models of cognition and cognitive development that explain key phenomena in individual differences research. In this paper, we argue that network modeling is a promising approach to integrate the processes of cognitive development and (developing) intelligence into one unified theory. Network models are defined mathematically, describe mechanisms on the level of the individual, and are able to explain positive correlations among intelligence subtest scores--the empirical basis for the well-known g-factor--as well as more complex factorial structures. Links between network modeling, factor modeling, and item response theory allow for a common metric, encompassing both discrete and continuous characteristics, for cognitive development and intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Electoral Ergonomics: Three Empirical Examples of the Interface between Electoral Psychology and Design.
- Author
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Bruter, Michael
- Subjects
ERGONOMICS ,PSYCHOLOGY ,NEW right (Politics) ,PANEL analysis ,SUFFRAGE ,BREXIT Referendum, 2016 ,POLLING places - Abstract
Electoral ergonomics pertains to the interface between electoral psychology and electoral design. It moves beyond traditional models of electoral organisation that often focus on mechanical effects or changes to who actually votes to investigate the ways in which different forms of electoral organisation will switch on and off various electoral psychology buttons (in terms of personality, memory, emotions and identity) so that the very same person's electoral experience, thinking process, and ultimately electoral behaviour will change based on the design of electoral processes. This article illustrated this phenomenon based on two case studies, one which showed that young people seemed more likely to vote for radical right parties if they voted postally than in person at the polling station based on panel study evidence from the UK, and another which showed that the time citizens deliberate about their vote varied from 1 to 3 depending on whether they were asked to vote using materialised or dematerialised mono-papers or poly-paper ballots. The article suggested that electoral ergonomics, as the interface between electoral psychology and election design, exceeded the sum of its parts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Collaborative Decision Making with Responsible AI: Establishing Trust and Load Models for Probabilistic Transparency.
- Author
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Wang, Xinyue, Li, Yaxin, and Xue, Chengqi
- Subjects
ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,SOCIAL interaction ,DECISION making ,PSYCHOLOGY ,COMPUTERS - Abstract
In responsible AI development, the construction of AI systems with well-designed transparency and the capability to achieve transparency-adaptive adjustments necessitates a clear and quantified understanding of user states during the interaction process. Among these, trust and load are two important states of the user's internal psychology, albeit often challenging to directly ascertain. Thus, this study employs transparency experiments involving multiple probabilistic indicators to capture users' compliance and reaction times during the interactive collaboration process of receiving real-time feedback. Subsequently, estimations of trust and load states are established, leading to the further development of a state transition matrix. Through the establishment of a trust–workload model, probabilistic estimations of user states under varying levels of transparency are obtained, quantitatively delineating the evolution of states and transparency within interaction sequences. This research lays the groundwork for subsequent endeavors in optimal strategy formulation and the development of transparency dynamically adaptive adjustment strategies based on the trust–workload state model constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Impact of Dual-Depth Head-Up Displays on Vehicle Driver Performance.
- Author
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Chen, Chien-Yu, Chou, Tzu-An, Chuang, Chih-Hao, Hsu, Ching-Cheng, Chen, Yi-Sheng, and Huang, Shi-Hwa
- Subjects
HEAD-up displays ,FATIGUE (Physiology) ,RESEARCH personnel ,ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
In recent years, the display information of head-up displays for vehicles has gradually developed from single-depth to multi-depth. To reduce the workload of driving and the number of eye adjustments, researchers use the visual perception of human eyes to realize the image information integrated with the real world. In this study, HoloLens2 is used to demonstrate head-up displays of different depths. An electroencephalogram, an electro-ophthalmogram, and a NASA-TLX questionnaire were used to evaluate the fatigue of drivers during long-term driving. The results showed that a dual-depth head-up display could effectively reduce the driver's workload. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Switching to Reuse: The Impact of Information on Consumers' Choices for Reusable Food Packaging.
- Author
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Mastria, Serena, Vezzil, Alessandro, and De Cesarei, Andrea
- Abstract
In recent years, there has been a shift toward sustainability in several aspects of our lives, including food packaging. In line with a circular economy model, several organizations are adopting industrial reusable solutions for food packaging, which are designed to be used multiple times throughout their life cycle. Despite an overall positive impression, many consumers lack clarity on reusable food packaging, with concerns regarding safety and cost, for example, that affect the actual adoption of reusable packaging. This study aimed to assess the impact of information regarding specific characteristics of reuse that could encourage consumers to choose reusable packaging over other sustainable (compostable and recyclable) alternatives when purchasing agrifoods. Through an online survey involving 104 participants, the study compared preferences and willingness to pay for reusable packaging while delivering (or not delivering) information as to the safety and production costs of reusable packaging. Information concerning the safety of reusable packaging, but not that regarding production costs, increased consumers' preferences for reusable packaging. At the same time, willingness to pay was not affected by either type of information. These results highlight the crucial role that delivering appropriate information plays in addressing consumers' psychological concerns and in fostering the acceptance of reusable packaging when purchasing agrifoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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