Search

The intestinal microbiota refers to the collection of microorganisms that exist in the human gut. It has been said that bacteria influence the development of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, as they have roles in immunomodulation, protection against pathogens, blood vessel growth, repairing the intestinal wall, and the development of the neurological system. In this review, we look at the latest research regarding interactions between gut microbiota and oral antihyperglycemic drugs and we present data suggesting that the microbiome may help counteract the reduced glucose tolerance and insulin resistance associated with metabolic disorders. We found that antidiabetic drugs can have significant impacts on gut microbiota composition and function, potentially influencing both the efficacy and side effects of these medications. Additionally, we discovered that microbial-based therapeutics, including probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics, and fecal microbiota can be considered when discussing preventive measures and personalized treatment options for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Understanding how antidiabetic drugs modulate gut microbiota composition and function is essential for optimizing their therapeutic efficacy and minimizing potential adverse effects. The relationship between the gut microbiota and glycemic agents, not fully understood, is currently the subject of increasing research and discussion. It has been proven that the microbiome can impact the effectiveness of the medications, but further research in this field may uncover novel therapeutic strategies for diabetes and other metabolic disorders by targeting the gut microbiota. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent epidemiologic studies carried out in Romania confirmed an ascending trend for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor prevalence such as diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity and dyslipidemia. The aim of this study is to describe the CVD risk factor profile and preventative behavior in a representative sample of the general adult population of an Eastern Romanian urban area. More than 70% of the studied population had a body mass index (BMI) above the normal range for their age, with 36.7% of the subjects residing in obesity and severe obesity clusters. For overweight and obese subjects, the number of comorbidities (CVD, arterial hypertension and DM type 2) was higher than in the population with normal weight (44% vs. 31%, 22% vs. 14% and 18% vs. 10%, respectively). The prevalence of high blood pressure was almost double that reported in previous Romanian studies (69.3% vs. 36.6%) and higher than expected, based on self-reported known CVD diagnoses (37.5%). There was a visible difference between the results obtained for quantifiable CVD risk factors and self-reported lifestyle ones. Routine blood test monitoring may be an easy and inexpensive tool to guide educational and medical interventions to address modifiable CV risk factors in the adult population in order to prevent the fatal consequences of cardiovascular disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]