1. (Sub-)Picosecond Surface Correlations of Femtosecond Laser Excited Al-Coated Multilayers Observed by Grazing-Incidence X-ray Scattering.
- Author
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Randolph, Lisa, Banjafar, Mohammadreza, Yabuuchi, Toshinori, Baehtz, Carsten, Bussmann, Michael, Dover, Nicholas P., Huang, Lingen, Inubushi, Yuichi, Jakob, Gerhard, Kläui, Mathias, Ksenzov, Dmitriy, Makita, Mikako, Miyanishi, Kohei, Nishiuchi, Mamiko, Öztürk, Özgül, Paulus, Michael, Pelka, Alexander, Preston, Thomas R., Schwinkendorf, Jan-Patrick, and Sueda, Keiichi
- Subjects
FEMTOSECOND pulses ,X-ray scattering ,ULTRASHORT laser pulses ,FEMTOSECOND lasers ,SMALL-angle X-ray scattering ,SURFACE dynamics ,MULTILAYERS ,SURFACE morphology - Abstract
Femtosecond high-intensity laser pulses at intensities surpassing 10
14 W/cm2 can generate a diverse range of functional surface nanostructures. Achieving precise control over the production of these functional structures necessitates a thorough understanding of the surface morphology dynamics with nanometer-scale spatial resolution and picosecond-scale temporal resolution. In this study, we show that single XFEL pulses can elucidate structural changes on surfaces induced by laser-generated plasmas using grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). Using aluminium-coated multilayer samples we distinguish between sub-picosecond (ps) surface morphology dynamics and subsequent multi-ps subsurface density dynamics with nanometer-depth sensitivity. The observed subsurface density dynamics serve to validate advanced simulation models representing matter under extreme conditions. Our findings promise to open new avenues for laser material-nanoprocessing and high-energy-density science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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