1. In Vitro Anti-Rotaviral Activity of Bavachin Isolated from Psoralea corylifolia L. (Fabaceae).
- Author
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Jung, Jinseok, Bae, Jaehoon, Park, Ji Sun, Lee, Seung Woong, Jeong, Jae-Ho, and Park, Su-Jin
- Subjects
ROTAVIRUS diseases ,VIRAL gastroenteritis ,LEGUMES ,VIRAL proteins ,VIRAL replication ,RNA synthesis - Abstract
Simple Summary: In this study, we examined how extracts and bavachin from Psoralea corylifolia affect bovine and porcine rotaviruses in a lab setting. We evaluated whether these substances could prevent the virus from attaching to cells and whether they could stop it from replicating. We found that, in the virucidal assay, the extracts and bavachin were unable to reduce viral infectivity by neutralizing the virus before it entered the host cells. However, when it was applied after the virus had already infected cells, bavachin showed strong antiviral effects. It notably reduced the virus's ability to replicate, indicating its potential as a treatment for both bovine and porcine rotaviruses. Rotavirus is the main causative agent of viral gastroenteritis among young animals worldwide. Currently, no clinically approved or effective antiviral drugs are available to combat rotavirus infections. Herein, we evaluated the anti-rotaviral activities of extracts and bavachin isolated from Psoralea corylifolia L. (Fabaceae) (P. corylifolia) against the bovine rotavirus G8P[7] and porcine rotavirus G5P[7] in vitro. Two assay strategies were performed: (1) a virucidal assay to reduce viral infectivity by virus neutralization and (2) a post-treatment assay to assess viral replication suppression. The results from the virucidal assay showed that the extracts and bavachin did not exert anti-rotaviral activities. In the follow-up analysis after treatment, bavachin exhibited robust antiviral efficacy, with 50% effective concentration (EC50) values of 10.6 μM (selectivity index [SI] = 2.38) against bovine rotavirus G8P[7] and 13.0 μM (SI = 1.94) against porcine rotavirus G5P[7]. Bavachin strongly suppressed viral RNA synthesis in the early (6 h) and late stages (18 h) after rotaviral infection. These findings strongly suggest that bavachin may have hindered the virions by effectively inhibiting the early stages of the virus replication cycle after rotaviral infection. Furthermore, confocal imaging showed that bavachin suppressed viral protein synthesis, notably that of the rotaviral protein (VP6). These results suggest that bavachin has strong antiviral activity against rotaviruses, inhibits viral replication, and is a candidate natural therapeutic drug targeting rotaviral infection. The utilization of bavachin isolated from P. corylifolia may contribute to decreased mortality rates, lower medication expenses, and enhanced economic viability in domestic farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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