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The intelligent harvesting technology for jujube leaf branches presents a novel avenue for enhancing both the quantity and quality of jujube leaf tea, whereas the precise detection technology for jujube leaf branches emerges as a pivotal factor constraining its development. The precise identification and localization of jujube leaf branches using real-time object detection technology are crucial steps toward achieving intelligent harvesting. When integrated into real-world scenarios, issues such as the background noise introduced by tags, occlusions, and variations in jujube leaf morphology constrain the accuracy of detection and the precision of localization. To address these issues, we describe a jujube leaf branch object detection network based on YOLOv7. First, the Polarized Self-Attention module is embedded into the convolutional layer, and the Gather-Excite module is embedded into the concat layer to incorporate spatial information, thus achieving the suppression of irrelevant information such as background noise. Second, we incorporate implicit knowledge into the Efficient Decoupled Head and replace the original detection head, enhancing the network's capability to extract deep features. Third, to address the issue of imbalanced jujube leaf samples, we employ Focal-EIoU as the bounding box loss function to expedite the regression prediction and enhance the localization accuracy of the model's bounding boxes. Experiments show that the precision of our model is 85%, which is increased by 3.5% compared to that of YOLOv7-tiny. The mAP@0.5 value is 83.7%. Our model's recognition rate, recall and mean average precision are superior to those of other models. Our method could provide technical support for yield estimation in the intelligent management of jujube orchards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cellular demise is a pivotal event in both developmental processes and disease states, with mitochondrial regulation playing an essential role. Traditionally, cell death was categorized into distinct types, considered to be linear and mutually exclusive pathways. However, the current understanding has evolved to recognize the complex and interconnected mechanisms of cell death, especially within apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. Apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis are governed by intricate molecular pathways, with mitochondria acting as central decision-makers in steering cells towards either apoptosis or pyroptosis through various mediators. The choice between apoptosis and necroptosis is often determined by mitochondrial signaling and is orchestrated by specific proteins. The molecular dialogue and the regulatory influence of mitochondria within these cell death pathways are critical research areas. Comprehending the shared elements and the interplay between these death modalities is crucial for unraveling the complexities of cellular demise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a new type of unconventional natural gas resource, shale gas plays a vital role in energy supply. In order to deeply understand the shale fracture seepage characteristics, filled and unfilled fracture seepage tests were carried out on shale samples with different fracture surface topography with the use of self-developed shale fracture seepage testing equipment. The fitting formula that the seepage discharge decreased as a negative exponential function with the increase in normal stress was obtained in the unfilled fracture seepage test; the fitting coefficient had a good logarithmic and exponential function relationship with joint roughness coefficient JRC and surface development interface area ratio Sdr. Meanwhile, the modified cubic law was obtained by adding the correction coefficient. The correction coefficient had an exponential relationship with the anisotropy value Ka. Compared with the unfilled one, the fracture surface topography had little effect on the seepage discharge when it was filled. The experimental results show the effects of water head difference, fracture surface topography, particle size, and thickness of filling sand on shale fracture seepage characteristics under different normal stress conditions, which have a certain significance for improving the efficiency of shale gas production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A multi-functional modifier, which could improve the mechanical and thermal performance simultaneously, is significant in composites production. Herein, inspired by the chemistry of mussel, an interfacial modifier named FPD was designed and synthesized through one simple step, which was attached by three functional groups (including catechol, N-H bond, and DOPO). Due to the innate properties of each functional group, FPD played multiple roles: adhere to the ramie fibers from catechol and cure with the epoxy resin from -NH-, an antiflaming property from DOPO, and the compatibilizer between ramie fibers and epoxy resin was also improved by changing the polarity of ramie fiber. All of the above functions can be proved by means of water contact angle (WCA), atomic force microscope (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), etc. After solidification, the ramie fiber/epoxy composites demonstrated superior performances in terms of good mechanical properties and excellent flame retardant property. With the addition of 30 wt.% FPD, the tensile strength and modulus of the ramie/epoxy composite showed an improvement of 37.1% and 60.9%, and flexural strength and modulus of the composite were improved by 8.9% and 19.3% comparing with no addition composite. Moreover, the composite could achieve the goal for V-0 rating in the UL-94 test and LOI value was 34.6% when the addition of FPD reached 30 wt.%. This work provided us with an efficient method for fabricating nature fiber/epoxy composites with good properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydro-floating ship lifts are a milestone in the field of high dam navigation. In order to ensure the running safety of a hydro-floating ship lift, the effective integration of a numerical simulation method and cloud model theory was carried out to deal with the hydrodynamic risks presented by water surface deviations from the shafts in the filling–emptying system such as a lock. In this study, the average values of water surface deviation from the shafts were 0.2, 0.22 and 0.24 m, through numerical simulation on a similar hydro-floating ship lift at the lifting heights of 80, 100 and 120 m, respectively. An increase in the lifting height causes the water surface deviation from the shafts to increase, and the hydrodynamic risk is greatly increased in the equal inertial pipeline filling–emptying system. In addition, the water surface deviations from the shafts of the equal inertial pipeline and longitudinal culvert filling–emptying system like a lock were compared. The longitudinal culvert was better at optimizing running safety in the filling–emptying system and dealing with the uncertainty of water surface deviation from the shafts. The results show that the numerical simulation method and cloud model theory can effectively control the risk of water surface deviation from the shafts and can be used to aid in decision-making for risk prevention in relation to hydro-floating ship lifts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]