1. The NLRP3 Inflammasome and Its Role in the Pathogenicity of Leukemia
- Author
-
Michela Luciano, Laura Urwanisch, and Jutta Horejs-Hoeck
- Subjects
autophagy ,Carcinogenesis ,Inflammasomes ,Interleukin-1beta ,Inflammation ,Context (language use) ,Review ,Biology ,Catalysis ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,lcsh:Chemistry ,Inorganic Chemistry ,NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ,medicine ,Pyroptosis ,Alarmins ,Animals ,Humans ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Molecular Biology ,Spectroscopy ,Innate immune system ,Leukemia ,integumentary system ,Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ,Organic Chemistry ,Autophagy ,Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules ,Interleukin-18 ,Inflammasome ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,NLRP3 inflammasome ,Immunity, Innate ,Computer Science Applications ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,IL-1β ,Immunology ,Disease Progression ,medicine.symptom ,medicine.drug ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Chronic inflammation contributes to the development and progression of various tumors. Especially where the inflammation is mediated by cells of the innate immune system, the NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role, as it senses and responds to a variety of exogenous and endogenous pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). The NLRP3 inflammasome is responsible for the maturation and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 and for the induction of a type of inflammatory cell death known as pyroptosis. Overactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome can be a driver of various diseases. Since leukemia is known to be an inflammation-driven cancer and IL-1β is produced in elevated levels by leukemic cells, research on NLRP3 in the context of leukemia has increased in recent years. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on leukemia-promoting inflammation and, in particular, the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in different types of leukemia. Furthermore, we examine a connection between NLRP3, autophagy and leukemia.
- Published
- 2021