1. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Associated Autoimmune Encephalitis, Rare and Novel Topic of Neuroimmunology: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
- Author
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Gao, Yining, Pan, Jie, Shen, Dingding, Peng, Lisheng, Mao, Zhifeng, Wang, Chunxia, Meng, Huanyu, Zhou, Qinming, and Chen, Sheng
- Subjects
IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors ,DRUG side effects ,SMALL cell lung cancer ,NEUROIMMUNOLOGY ,LITERATURE reviews - Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are being used in patients with various advanced malignancies, and patient outcomes have improved considerably. Although ICIs can effectively treat tumors, 30–60% of patients experience immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a rare irAE that has become a novel topic in neuroimmunology and has received increasing attention in recent years. Herein, we report a rare case of GAD65-antibody–associated AE after metastatic small cell lung cancer treatment with pembrolizumab. The patient received IVIg therapy for AE and continuous pembrolizumab therapy without suspension of tumor treatment. At 1 year follow-up, both the patient's AE symptoms and tumors were stable. We consider that the treatment of ICI-associated AE should be more individualized with prudent decision-making and should balance the tumor progression and AE treatment. In addition, we have also comprehensively reviewed the literature of ICI-associated AE, and summarized the clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of AE caused by ICI, thus broadening our understanding of the neurological complications caused by ICI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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